Which countries have mandatory requirements for energy efficiency of motor products?

Eminyakeni yakamuva, izidingo zokonga ugesi ezweni lethuizinjini zikagesineminye imikhiqizo iye yanda kancane kancane. Uchungechunge lwezidingo ezilinganiselwe zamazinga okusebenza kahle kwezimoto zikagesi ezimelwe i-GB 18613 kancane kancane ziyathuthukiswa futhi zisetshenziswe, njengamazinga e-GB30253 kanye ne-GB30254. Ikakhulukazi kumamotho enhloso ejwayelekile asetshenziswa kakhulu, inguqulo ka-2020 yezinga le-GB18613 libeke izinga lokusebenza kahle kwe-IE3 njengenani eliphansi lomkhawulo lalolu hlobo lwemoto. Izinga eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe.

Izinkampani zezimoto ezenza ibhizinisi lokuthekelisa kufanele ziqonde izidingo ngokuningiliziwe, zihlangabezane nezidingo zezindinganiso zikazwelonke, futhi zingajikeleza kuphela emakethe yokuthengisa yasekhaya. Ukuze zijikeleze ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe ezinezidingo zokonga ugesi noma ezinye izidingo eziqondene nawe, kufanele zihlangabezane namazinga endawo. Dinga.

1. IMelika

Ngo-1992, uKhongolose wase-US waphasisa uMthetho we-EPACT, owawubeka inani elincane lokusebenza kahle kwemoto futhi wawudinga ukuthi kusukela ngo-Okthoba 24, 1997, wonke amamotho asetshenziswa ngenjongo evamile adayiswa e-United States kufanele ahlangabezane nenkomba yakamuva yokusebenza kahle. , inkomba ye-EPACT yokusebenza kahle.

Inkomba yokusebenza kahle ecaciswe yi-EPACT iyinani elimaphakathi lenkomba yemoto esebenza kahle kakhulu ekhiqizwa abakhiqizi abakhulu bezimoto e-United States ngaleso sikhathi.Ngo-2001, i-United States Energy Efficiency Coalition (CEE) kanye ne-National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) ngokuhlanganyela bathuthukisa izinga lemoto elisebenza kahle kakhulu, elibizwa nge-NEMAPemium standard.Izidingo zokuqala zokusebenza zaleli zinga zihambisana ne-EPACT, futhi inkomba yayo yokusebenza kahle ikhombisa ngokuyisisekelo izinga elimaphakathi lamanje lamamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu emakethe yase-US, okungamaphesenti angu-1 ukuya kwangu-3 ngaphezu kwenkomba ye-EPACT, kanye nokulahlekelwa. cishe ingaphansi ngo-20% kunenkomba ye-EPACT.

Njengamanje, indinganiso ye-NEMAPemium isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezithenjwa zemixhaso enikezwa izinkampani zamandla ukukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi bathenge amamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu. Amamotho e-NEMAPmium anconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ezikhathini lapho ukusebenza konyaka kungu-> 2000 amahora kanye nezinga lomthwalo> 75%.

Uhlelo lwe-NEMAPremium olwenziwa yi-NEMA luyisivumelwano sokuzithandela semboni. Amalungu e-NEMA asayina lesi sivumelwano futhi angasebenzisa ilogo ye-NEMAPremium ngemva kokufinyelela izinga. Amayunithi angewona amalungu angasebenzisa le logo ngemva kokukhokha imali ethile.

I-EPACT ibeka ukuthi ukukalwa kokusebenza kahle kwezimoto kusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto i-IEEE112-B ye-American Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

2. I-European Union

Maphakathi nawo-1990, i-European Union yaqala ukwenza ucwaningo kanye nokwakhiwa kwenqubomgomo yokongiwa kwezimoto.

Ngo-1999, i-European Commission's Transport and Energy Agency kanye ne-European Motor and Power Electronics Manufacturers Association (CE-MEP) bafinyelela isivumelwano sokuzithandela ngohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwezimoto zikagesi (okubizwa ngokuthi isivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP), esihlukanisa izinga lokusebenza kahle. amamotho kagesi, okungukuthi:

eff3 - ukusebenza kahle okuphansi (Lowefficiency) motor;

eff2——Injini esebenza kahle kakhulu;

eff1 - ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu (Ukusebenza okuphezulu) motor.

(Isigaba sezwe lethu sokusebenza kahle kwamandla ezimoto siyefana nese-European Union.)

Ngemuva kuka-2006, ukukhiqizwa nokusakazwa kwamamotho kagesi e-eff3-class akuvunyelwe.Isivumelwano futhi sibeka ukuthi abakhiqizi kufanele bafake ohlwini ukuhlonzwa kwebanga elisebenza kahle kanye nevelu esebenza kahle ku-nameplate yomkhiqizo kanye nesampula ledatha yedatha, ukuze kube lula ukukhethwa nokuhlonza abasebenzisi, futhi okuhlanganisa amapharamitha okuqala okusebenza kahle kwamandla e-EU Electric. I-Motor EuPs Directive.

Isivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP siqaliswa ngemva kokusayinwa ngokuzithandela ngamayunithi angamalungu e-CEMEP, futhi abakhiqizi abangewona amalungu, abangenisa kwamanye amazwe nabathengisi bamukelekile ukuthi babambe iqhaza.Njengamanje, kunezinkampani ezikhiqizayo ezingama-36kuhlanganiseI-Siemens yaseJalimane, i-ABB e-Switzerland, i-BrookCromton yase-United Kingdom, ne-Leroy-Somer yase-France, ehlanganisa u-80% wokukhiqizwa eYurophu.E-Denmark, abasebenzisi abakhono labo lezimoto lingaphezulu kwezinga eliphansi baxhaswa yi-Energy Agency ye-DKK 100 noma 250 kW ngayinye. Eyangaphambili isetshenziselwa ukuthenga amamotho ezitshalweni ezintsha, kanti lena yokugcina isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni samamotho amadala. E-Netherlands, ngaphezu kwezibonelelo zokuthenga, baphinde banikeze izikhuthazo zentela; i-UK ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwemakethe yemikhiqizo yokonga amandla njengamamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu ngokunciphisa kanye nokukhulula izintela zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nokusebenzisa “uhlelo lokuthuthukisa uxhaso lokutshalwa kwezimali”. Yethula ngenkuthalo imikhiqizo yokonga amandla okuhlanganisaizinjini ezisebenza kahle kakhuluku-inthanethi, futhi unikeze ulwazi ngale mikhiqizo, izixazululo zokonga amandla kanye nezindlela zokuklama.

3. ECanada

I-Canadian Standards Association kanye ne-Canadian Motor Industry Association bakha izinga elincane elinconyiwe lokusebenzisa amandla kahle ezinjini ngo-1991. Inkomba yokusebenza kahle yaleli zinga ingaphansi kancane kunenkomba yakamuva ye-American EPACT.Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwezindaba zamandla, iPhalamende laseCanada liphinde laphasisa uMthetho Wokusebenza Kwamandla Kagesi (EEACT) ngo-1992, ohlanganisa amazinga amancane okusebenza kahle kwamandla ezinjini zikagesi. ngempumelelo.Leli zinga liphoqelelwa umthetho, ngakho-ke amamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu athuthukiswe ngokushesha.

4. Australia

Ukuze kongiwe amandla futhi kuvikelwe indawo ezungezile, uhulumeni wase-Australia usebenzise uhlelo olujwayelekile lokusebenzisa amandla kahle noma uhlelo lwe-MEPS lwempahla yasendlini nemishini yezimboni kusukela ngo-1999, oluphethwe iHhovisi likahulumeni wase-Australia LeGreenhouse Gas ngokubambisana ne-Australian Standards Council. .

I-Australia ifake izinjini kububanzi be-MEPS, futhi amazinga ayo emoto ayisibopho agunyazwa futhi aqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba 2001. Inombolo evamile ithi AS/NZS1359.5. Izimoto ezidinga ukukhiqizwa futhi zingeniswe e-Australia naseNew Zealand kufanele zihlangabezane noma zeqe izindinganiso ezibekwe kuleli zinga. Inkomba yokusebenza kahle okuncane.

Izinga lingahlolwa ngezindlela ezimbili zokuhlola, ngakho-ke amasethi amabili ezinkomba acacisiwe: isethi eyodwa inkomba yendlela A, ehambisana nendlela ye-American IEEE112-B; enye isethi inkomba yendlela engu-B, ehambisana ne-IEC34-2, inkomba yayo Inani ngokuyisisekelo liyafana ne-Eff2 ye-EU-CEMEP.

Ngaphezu kwamazinga aphansi ayisibopho, izinga libuye lisho izinkomba zezimoto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, okungamazinga anconyiwe futhi akhuthaze abasebenzisi ukuthi bawamukele.Inani layo lifana ne-Effl ye-EU-CEMEP kanye ne-EPACT yase-United States.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-06-2022

Imaphi amazwe anezidingo eziphoqelekile zokusebenzisa amandla emikhiqizo yezimoto?