Ngenxa yokubumbana kwawo kanye nokuminyana kwe-torque ephezulu, ama-motor synchronous kazibuthe unomphela asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokushayela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu njengezinhlelo zokuhambisa ngaphansi kolwandle.Ama-motor synchronous kazibuthe ahlala njalo awadingi ukusetshenziswa kwama-slip rings ukuze avuse injabulo, ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwe-rotor nokulahlekelwa.Amamotho ahlala unomphela azibuthe asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi alungele izinhlelo zokushayela ezisebenza kahle njengamathuluzi omshini we-CNC, amarobhothi nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezizenzakalelayo embonini.
Imvamisa, ukwakheka kanye nokwakhiwa kwamamothoni azibuthe ahambisanayo kufanele acabangele kokubili i-stator kanye nesakhiwo se-rotor ukuze kutholwe injini esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isakhiwo se-magnetic synchronous motor unomphela
I-Air-gap magnetic flux density:Kunqunywa ngokuklanywa kwama-asynchronous motors, njll., ukuklanywa kwama-rotor kazibuthe unomphela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidingo ezikhethekile zokushintsha ama-stator windings. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi i-stator iyi-stator slotted.I-air gap flux density inqunyelwe ukugcwaliswa kwe-stator core.Ikakhulukazi, ukuminyana okuphezulu kwe-flux kunqunyelwe ububanzi bamazinyo egiya, kuyilapho ingemuva le-stator linquma ukuguquguquka okuphelele okuphelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga elivumelekile lokugcwala lincike ohlelweni lokusebenza.Imvamisa, ama-motor asebenza kahle kakhulu ane-flux density ephansi, kuyilapho ama-motor akhelwe ukuminyana kwe-torque ephezulu ane-flux ephakeme kakhulu.I-peak air gap flux density imvamisa iba ku-0.7-1.1 Tesla.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kuyingqikithi ye-flux density, okungukuthi isamba se-rotor kanye ne-stator fluxes.Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amandla okusabela ezikhali ephansi, kusho ukuthi i-torque yokuqondanisa iphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuzuzwe umnikelo omkhulu we-torque yokungabaza, amandla okusabela kwe-stator kufanele abe makhulu.Amapharamitha womshini akhombisa ukuthi i-m enkulu kanye ne-inductance encane L idingeka kakhulu ukuthola i-torque yokuqondanisa.Lokhu kuvame ukufaneleka ukusebenza ngaphansi kwesivinini esiyisisekelo njengoba inductance ephezulu inciphisa isici samandla.
Izinto zikazibuthe ezihlala njalo:
Ama-magnets adlala indima ebalulekile kumadivayisi amaningi, ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwalezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukunaka okwamanje kugxile emhlabeni ongavamile kanye nezinto ezisekelwe ensimbi eziguquguqukayo ezingathola odonsa unomphela abanezakhiwo eziphakeme kazibuthe.Ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe, odonsa banezindawo ezihlukile kazibuthe nemishini futhi bakhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhlukile.
Ozibuthe be-NdFeB (Nd2Fe14B) kanye ne-Samarium Cobalt (Sm1Co5 kanye ne-Sm2Co17) bayizinto zikazibuthe ezithuthuke kakhulu ezitholakala namuhla.Ngaphakathi kwekilasi ngalinye lomazibuthe bomhlaba abangavamile kunezinhlobonhlobo zamabanga.Ozibuthe be-NdFeB bathengiswa ekuqaleni kwawo-1980.Zisetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla ezinhlelweni eziningi ezahlukene.Izindleko zale nto kazibuthe (umkhiqizo ngamunye wamandla) iqhathaniswa neyozibuthe be-ferrite, futhi ngesisekelo sekhilogremu, omazibuthe be-NdFeB babiza izikhathi ezingaba ngu-10 kuya kwezingu-20 kunezozibuthe ze-ferrite.
Ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile ezisetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa odonsa unomphela yilezi: i-remanence (uMnu), ekala amandla kazibuthe unomphela, amandla aphoqayo (Hcj), ikhono lezinto zokumelana ne-demagnetization, umkhiqizo wamandla (BHmax), amandla kazibuthe. ; Izinga lokushisa le-Curie (TC), izinga lokushisa lapho impahla ilahlekelwa yizibuthe.Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuphoqelelwa okuphakeme nomkhiqizo wamandla, kodwa ngokuvamile bangaba uhlobo lokushisa oluphansi lwe-Curie, i-Neodymium isebenza ne-Terbium ne-Dysprosium ukuze igcine izakhiwo zayo kazibuthe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
I-Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Design
Ekwakhiweni kwe-motor synchronous motor unomphela ozibuthe (PMSM), ukwakhiwa kwe-rotor kazibuthe unomphela kusekelwe kuhlaka lwe-stator lwe-motor induction yezigaba ezintathu ngaphandle kokushintsha i-geometry ye-stator nama-windings.Imininingwane kanye nejometri ihlanganisa: isivinini semoto, imvamisa, inombolo yezigxobo, ubude be-stator, ububanzi bangaphakathi nangaphandle, inombolo yezikhala ze-rotor.Idizayini ye-PMSM ihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa kwethusi, i-EMF emuva, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kanye ne-self and mutual inductance, i-magnetic flux, ukumelana ne-stator, njll.
Ukubalwa kwe-self-inductance kanye ne-mutual inductance:
I-Inductance L ingachazwa njengesilinganiso sokuxhuma kwe-flux ku-I yamanje ekhiqizayo, ku-Henrys (H), elingana ne-Weber nge-ampere ngayinye. I-inductor iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukugcina amandla endaweni kazibuthe, efana nendlela i-capacitor egcina ngayo amandla endaweni kagesi. Ama-inductors ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amakhoyili, ngokuvamile azungeze inkaba ye-ferrite noma i-ferromagnetic, futhi inani lawo le-inductance lihlobene kuphela nesakhiwo esibonakalayo sekhondatha kanye nokungeneka kwento lapho ukugeleza kazibuthe kudlula khona.
Izinyathelo zokuthola i-inductance zimi kanje:1. Ake sithi kukhona i-current I ku-conductor.2. Sebenzisa umthetho we-Biot-Savart noma umthetho we-loop we-Ampere (uma utholakala) ukuze unqume ukuthi u-B ulingana ngokwanele.3. Bala ukuguquguquka okuphelele okuxhuma wonke amasekhethi.4. Phindaphinda isamba sikazibuthe esishintshashintshayo ngenombolo yezihibe ukuze uthole ukuxhumana kwe-flux, futhi wenze idizayini ye-synchronous motor ehlala njalo kazibuthe ngokuhlola imingcele edingekayo.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi idizayini yokusebenzisa i-NdFeB njengento ehlala unomphela kazibuthe we-AC yandisa ukugeleza kazibuthe okukhiqizwa esikhaleni somoya, okuholele ekuncipheni kwe-radius yangaphakathi ye-stator, kuyilapho irediyasi yangaphakathi ye-stator isebenzisa i-samarium cobalt unomphela. I-magnet rotor impahla yayinkulu.Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ukulahleka kwethusi okusebenzayo ku-NdFeB kwehliswe ngo-8.124%.Ku-samarium cobalt njengento ehlala njalo kazibuthe, i-flux magnetic izoba ukuhluka kwe-sinusoidal.Imvamisa, ukwakheka kanye nokwakhiwa kwamamothoni azibuthe ahambisanayo kufanele acabangele kokubili i-stator kanye nesakhiwo se-rotor ukuze kutholwe injini esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ekuphetheni
I-Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) iyinjini ehambisanayo esebenzisa izinto ezinozibuthe eziphakeme ukwenza uzibuthe, futhi inezici zokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, isakhiwo esilula, nokulawula okulula.Le moto unomphela ozibuthe evumelanayo inezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-traction, izimoto, irobhothi, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-aerospace. Ukuminyana kwamandla wamamotho kazibuthe ahambisanayo ahlala unomphela aphakeme kunalawo amamotho angeniswayo wesilinganiso esifanayo ngoba awekho amandla e-stator anikezelwe ekukhiqizeni inkambu kazibuthe. .
Njengamanje, ukuklama kwe-PMSM akudingi amandla aphezulu kuphela, kodwa futhi nesisindo esiphansi kanye nomzuzu ophansi we-inertia.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2022