What is the most serious failure of high-voltage motors?

Ziningi izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwamamotho anamandla kagesi e-AC. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukuhlola isethi yezindlela ezihlosiwe nezicacile zokuxazulula izinkinga zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwehluleka, futhi uphakamise izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ukuqeda ukwehluleka kumamotho anamandla aphezulu ngesikhathi esifanele. , ukuze izinga lokuhluleka kwama-motor-voltage aphezulu liyancipha unyaka nonyaka.

Imaphi amaphutha ajwayelekile amamotho ane-voltage ephezulu? Kufanele kusingathwe kanjani?

1. Ukuhluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa imoto

Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka

Ngenxa yezidingo zokukhiqiza, ama-motor-voltage aphezulu aqala njalo, abe nokudlidliza okukhulu, futhi abe nemishini emikhulu, engabangela kalula ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lokujikeleza kwezimoto lungasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kubandakanya ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

Okokuqala,ipayipi elipholisa langaphandle lenjini liyalimala, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwendawo yokupholisa, okubuye kwehlise umthamo wokupholisa wesistimu yokupholisa yemoto enamandla amakhulu. Umthamo wokupholisa uvinjelwe, okwenza izinga lokushisa lemoto likhuphuke;

Okwesibili,ngemva kokuba amanzi okupholisa ewohloka, amapayipi okupholisa ayagqwala futhi avinjwe ukungcola, okubangela ukuba injini ishise ngokweqile;

Okwesithathu,amanye amapayipi okupholisa nokukhipha ukushisa anezidingo eziphakeme zomsebenzi wokukhipha ukushisa kanye ne-thermal conductivity. Ngenxa yamazinga ahlukene okuncipha phakathi kwezinto zezinto ezihlukene, izikhala ziyashiywa. Izinkinga ze-oxidation nokugqwala zenzeka endaweni ehlangene phakathi kokubili, futhi amanzi apholisayo angena kuzo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-motor izoba nengozi "yokudubula", futhi iyunithi yemoto izoma ngokuzenzekelayo, okubangela ukuthi iyunithi yemoto ingasebenzi kahle.

Indlela yokulungisa

Gada ipayipi lokupholisa langaphandle ukuze unciphise izinga lokushisa langaphandle lephayiphi lokupholisa.Ukwenza ngcono izinga lamanzi okupholisa futhi kunciphise amathuba okungcola emapayipini okupholisa amanzi agqwalile kanye nokuvala imigudu yokupholisa.Ukugcinwa kwamafutha ku-condenser kuzonciphisa izinga lokulahla ukushisa kwe-condenser futhi kukhawulele ukugeleza kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi.Uma kubhekwa ukuvuza kwamapayipi okupholisa angaphandle e-aluminium, uphenyo lomtshina ovuzayo lusondela eduze kwazo zonke izingxenye ezivuzayo ezingase zivuze. Ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukuhlolwa, njengamajoyinti, okokushisela, njll., isistimu iphinda isebenze ukuze i-ejenti yokuthola ukuvuza ingasetshenziswa futhi. Uhlelo lwangempela ukusebenzisa izindlela zokunakekela zokugxiviza, ukugxusha nokuvala.Lapho ulungisa endaweni, iglue kufanele ifakwe endaweni evuzayo yepayipi lokupholisa langaphandle le-aluminium lemoto enamandla kagesi, engavimbela ngempumelelo ukuthintana phakathi kwensimbi ne-aluminium futhi kuzuze umphumela omuhle wokulwa ne-oxidation.

2. Ukwehluleka kwe-motor rotor

Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka

Ngesikhathi sokuqala kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile kwemoto, ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla ahlukahlukene, indandatho ye-short-circuit ye-rotor yangaphakathi ye-motor ihlanganiswe emgqeni wethusi, okwenza umugqa wethusi we-motor rotor ukhululeke kancane. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yokuthi indandatho yokugcina ayikhiwanga kusuka ocezwini olulodwa lwethusi, I-welding seam ayishiselwe kahle futhi ingase ibangele kalula ukuqhekeka ngenxa yokucindezeleka okushisayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Uma i-copper ne-iron core kufanelana ngokuxekethile kakhulu, i-copper bar izovevezela emseleni, okungase kubangele ukuphuka kwe-copper bar noma indandatho yokuvala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokufaka akwenziwanga ngendlela efanele, okuholela kumphumela omncane wokuqina ebusweni benduku yocingo. Uma ukushisa kungenakuqedwa ngesikhathi, kuzodala ukwanda nokuguqulwa, kubangele ukudlidliza kwe-rotor kuqine.

Indlela yokulungisa

Okokuqala, ama-breakpoint welding we-high-voltage motor rotor kufanele ahlolwe, futhi imfucumfucu engaphakathi kwe-slot kufanele ihlanzwe ngokucophelela. Hlola ikakhulukazi ukuthi azikho yini izinsimbi eziphukile, imifantu nokunye okungalungile, sebenzisa izinto zethusi ukuze ushisele lapho kuphuka ama-welding, futhi uqinise zonke izikulufu. Ngemva kokuqedwa, ukusebenza okuvamile kuzoqala.Yenza ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kokujika kwe-rotor ukuze ugxile ekuvimbeleni. Uma isitholakele, idinga ukushintshwa kusenesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe ukushiswa okukhulu kwe-iron core.Hlola njalo isimo samabhawodi aqinisayo abalulekile, faka kabusha i-rotor, futhi ulinganise ukulahlekelwa okuyinhloko uma kudingeka.

3. Ukwehluleka kwekhoyili ye-motor stator ene-voltage ephezulu

Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka

Phakathi kwamaphutha emoto enamandla kagesi aphezulu, amaphutha adalwe ukulimala kwe-stator winding insulation account engaphezu kuka-40%.Uma injini enamandla kagesi aphezulu iqala futhi ima ngokushesha noma ishintsha ukulayisha ngokushesha, ukudlidliza komshini kuzobangela umgogodla we-stator kanye namajika e-stator ukuthi anyakaze asondelene, okubangele ukuwohloka kwe-insulation ngenxa yokuwohloka kokushisa.Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwendawo yokushisa futhi kushintsha isimo se-insulation surface, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele uchungechunge lwezinguquko ezihlobene nesimo se-insulation surface.Ngenxa kawoyela, umhwamuko wamanzi nokungcola endaweni ejikajikayo kanye nokuphuma phakathi kwezigaba ezihlukene zokusonta kwe-stator, upende obomvu omelene ne-halo ongaphezulu kongqimba lwe-high-voltage lead insulation engxenyeni ethintwayo uphenduke waba mnyama.Ingxenye yokuhola ye-high-voltage yahlolwa futhi kwatholakala ukuthi ingxenye ephukile ye-high-voltage lead yayisemaphethelweni efreyimu ye-stator. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo endaweni enomswakama kubangele ukuguga kongqimba lwe-insulation lwentambo eholayo ene-voltage ephezulu ye-stator winding, okuholele ekwehleni kokumelana nokufakwa kwama-winding.

Indlela yokulungisa

Ngokwezimo zesizinda sokwakha, ingxenye yokuhola ye-high-voltage ye-motor winding iqala isongwe nge-insulating tape.Ngokwenqubo “yesibambo sokulenga” evame ukusetshenziswa ukunakekelaabasebenza ngogesi, phakamisa kancane kancane unqenqema lwe-slot olungenhla lwekhoyili engalungile ngo-30 kuya ku-40 mm kude nodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-stator core bese uzama ukululungisa.Sebenzisa i-baking clamp elula ukuze uqale ubambe ingxenye esanda kusongwa, sebenzisa i-powder mica tape ukugoqa ingxenye eqondile yongqimba olungaphezulu ukuze uyivimbele kusukela phansi izendlalelo eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-12, bese ugoqa amakhala azo zombili iziphetho. i-slot slot eseduze ukuze uyivimbele ukusuka phansi, kanye nonqenqema lwe-bevel lwesiphetho sekhoyili Faka upende we-semiconductor ongamelana nokuphezulu ezingxenyeni ezinebhulashi ubude obungu-12mm.Kungcono ukushisa nokupholisa kabili ngakunye.Phinda uqinise izikulufu ngaphambi kokushisisa okwesibili.

4. Ukuzala ukwehluleka

Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka

Ama-deep groove ball bearings nama-cylindrical roller bearings asetshenziswa kakhulu kumamotho ane-voltage ephezulu. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuhluleka kokuthwala i-motor ukufakwa okungenangqondo nokwehluleka ukufaka ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo ehambisanayo.Uma i-lubricant ingafaneleki, uma izinga lokushisa lingavamile, ukusebenza kwamafutha kuzoshintsha kakhulu.Lezi zenzakalo zenza ama-bearings athambekele ezinkingeni futhi aholele ekuhlulekeni kwezimoto.Uma ikhoyili ingagxili ngokuqinile, ikhoyili nensimbi kuzovevezela, futhi indawo yokubeka izothwala umthwalo we-axial owedlulele, okuzokwenza ukuthi i-axial ishise.

Indlela yokulungisa

Ama-bearings akhethekile ama-motor ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezivulekile nezivaliwe, futhi ukukhethwa okuqondile kufanele kusekelwe esimweni sangempela.Ukuze uthole ama-bearings, imvume ekhethekile kanye namafutha kudingeka kukhethwe. Lapho ufaka i-bearing, naka ukukhethwa kwe-lubrication. Ngezinye izikhathi amafutha anezithako ze-EP asetshenziswa, futhi ungqimba oluncane lwamafutha lungasetshenziswa kumkhono ongaphakathi. Ukugcoba kungathuthukisa impilo yokusebenza yama-motor bearings.Khetha kahle ama-bearings futhi usebenzise ama-bearings ngokunembile ukuze unciphise imvume ye-radial ye-bearing ngemva kokufakwa futhi usebenzise isakhiwo somzila womjaho wendandatho engashoni ukuze uvimbele lokho.Lapho uhlanganisa i-motor, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela ubukhulu obuhambisanayo be-bearing kanye ne-rotor shaft lapho ufaka ukuthwala.

5. Ukuqhekeka kwe-insulation

Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka

Uma imvelo inomswakama futhi ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kanye ne-thermal kungalungile, kulula ukubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lemoto likhuphuke kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi ukufakwa kwenjoloba kubi noma kuxebuke, okubangela ukuxega, ukuphuka noma izinkinga zokukhishwa kwe-arc. .Ukudlidliza kwe-axial kuzodala ukungqubuzana phakathi kwekhoyili kanye nephedi kanye nomgogodla, kubangele ukuguga kongqimba lwe-semiconductor anti-corona ngaphandle kwekhoyili. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izobhubhisa ngokuqondile ukufakwa okuyinhloko, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-insulation main.Lapho i-high-voltage motor iba manzi, inani lokumelana lempahla yayo yokufaka ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-motor-voltage ephezulu, okwenza injini ingasebenzi kahle; i-motor high-voltage isetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu, ungqimba oluphikisana nokugqwala kanye ne-stator core akuthinteki kahle, i-arcing iyenzeka, futhi ama-motor windings ayaphuka, okwenza injini igcine ingasebenzi kahle. ; Ngemuva kokuthi ukungcola kwamafutha kwangaphakathi kwe-high-voltage motor kugxiliwe ekufakweni okuyinhloko, kulula ukubangela ukujikeleza okufushane phakathi kokuphenduka kwekhoyili ye-stator, njll. Ukuxhumana okungalungile kwangaphakathi kwe-high-voltage motor nakho kungaholela kalula ekuhlulekeni kwemoto. .

Indlela yokulungisa

Ubuchwepheshe be-insulation bungenye yezinqubo ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe ekwenziweni nasekugcinweni kwezimoto.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwemoto isikhathi eside, ukumelana nokushisa kwe-insulation kumele kuthuthukiswe.Isendlalelo esivikelayo se-semiconductor noma impahla yensimbi ifakwa ngaphakathi kwe-insulation enkulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi endaweni engaphezulu.Uhlelo oluphelele lokumisa phansi lungenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile zohlelo lokumelana nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi.

Yikuphi ukwehluleka okukhulu kwamamotho ane-voltage ephezulu?

1. Amaphutha avamile amamotho ane-voltage ephezulu

Ukuhluleka kwe-electromagnetic

(1) Isifunda esifushane sesigaba nesigaba sokujika kwe-stator

Ukujikeleza okufushane kwesigaba kuya kwesigaba sokujika kwe-stator kuyiphutha elibi kakhulu lenjini. Izodala umonakalo omkhulu ku-insulation emazombezombe ye-motor ngokwayo futhi ishise i-iron core. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzobangela ukuncipha kwe-voltage yegridi, kuthinte noma kucekele phansi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuvamile kwabanye abasebenzisi.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukususa injini engalungile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

(2) I-inter-turn short circuit yokuphenduka kwesigaba esisodwa

Uma ukujika kwesigaba senjini kufushane phakathi kokujika, isigaba sephutha siyakhula, futhi izinga lokukhuphuka kwamanje lihlobene nenani lokujika kwe-short-circuit. I-inter-turn short circuit ibhubhisa ukusebenza kwe-symmetrical ye-motor futhi ibangele ukushisa kwendawo okubucayi.

(3) Isifunda esifushane sokumisa isigaba esisodwa

Inethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamandla yamamotho ane-voltage ephezulu imvamisa iyisistimu yephoyinti engathathi hlangothi engagxiliwe ngokuqondile. Uma iphutha lesigaba esisodwa somhlaba lenzeka ku-motor-voltage ephezulu, uma i-grounding current inkulu kune-10A, i-stator core ye-motor izoshiswa.Ukwengeza, iphutha eliphansi lesigaba esisodwa lingase lithuthuke libe yi-turn-to-turn short circuit noma isifunda esifushane sesigaba ukuya kwesinye. Ngokuya ngosayizi wamanje wamanje, injini engalungile ingasuswa noma kukhishwe isignali ye-alamu.

(4) Isigaba esisodwa sokuphakelwa kukagesi noma ukuma kwe-stator yisekethe evulekile

Isekhethi evulekile yesigaba esisodwa sokunikezwa kwamandla noma i-stator winding ibangela ukuthi injini isebenze ngokulahlekelwa kwesigaba, i-conductive phase manje iyanda, izinga lokushisa lemoto likhuphuka kakhulu, umsindo uyanda, futhi ukudlidliza kuyanda.Misa umshini ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho injini izosha.

(5) Amandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu

Uma i-voltage iphezulu kakhulu, umjikelezo kazibuthe we-stator core uzogcwala, futhi okwamanje kuzokwanda ngokushesha; uma i-voltage iphansi kakhulu, i-torque ye-motor izokwehla, futhi i-stator yamanje ye-motor egijima ngomthwalo izokhuphuka, ibangele ukushisa kwemoto, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, injini izoshisa.

ukwehluleka komshini

(1) Ukuguga kwezimpahla noma ukushoda kwamafutha

Ukuthwala ukwehluleka kungabangela kalula ukuthi izinga lokushisa lemoto likhuphuke futhi umsindo ukhuphuke. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-bearings angase avale futhi injini ingashisa.

(2) Ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile kwezesekeli zezimoto

Lapho uhlanganisa injini, izibambo zesikulufu azilingani futhi amakhava amancane angaphakathi nangaphandle enjini ahlikihla ku-shaft, okubangela ukuthi injini ishise futhi ibe nomsindo.

(3) Ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile kokuhlanganisa

Amandla okudlulisa we-shaft anyusa izinga lokushisa lokuthwala futhi akhulise ukudlidliza kwemoto.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzolimaza ama-bearings futhi kushise injini.

2. Ukuvikelwa kwezinjini zamandla kagesi aphezulu

Ukuvikelwa kwesekethe emfushane yesigaba nesigaba

Okusho ukuthi, ukuvikelwa kwamanje kwekhefu elisheshayo noma umehluko we-longitudinal kubonisa iphutha lesifunda ukuya kwesigaba esifushane se-motor stator. Izimoto ezinomthamo ongaphansi kuka-2MW zifakwe isivikelo samanje sokuphuka okusheshayo; amamotho abalulekile anomthamo ongu-2MW nangaphezulu noma ngaphansi kuka-2MW kodwa ukuzwela kwamanje kokuvikela ukunqamuka okusheshayo akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo futhi kube nezintambo eziyisithupha zokuphuma zingafakwa ukuvikelwa komehluko we-longitudinal. Ukuvikelwa kwesigaba-kuya-isigaba se-short-circuit ye-motor kusebenza ekukhubekeni; kumamotho ahambisanayo anamadivayisi okukhipha kazibuthe okuzenzakalelayo, isivikelo kufanele futhi sisebenze ekunciphiseni uzibuthe.

Ukulandelana okungalungile ukuvikela kwamanje

Njengesivikelo se-motor inter-turn, ukwehluleka kwesigaba, ukulandelana kwesigaba okuhlehlisiwe kanye nokungalingani kwe-voltage enkulu, ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesipele sokuvikela okuyinhloko kokungalingani kwamanje kwezigaba ezintathu kanye nephutha lesifunda esifushane phakathi kwesigaba senjini.Ukulandelana okungekuhle Ukuvikelwa kwamanje kusebenza ohambweni noma ngesignali.

Isigaba esisodwa sokuvikela amaphutha

Inethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamandla yamamotho ane-voltage ephezulu ngokuvamile iwuhlelo oluncane lwamanje lokumisa phansi. Uma ukubekwa phansi kwesigaba esisodwa kwenzeka, i-ground capacitor yamanje kuphela egeleza endaweni yephutha, ngokuvamile ebangela ukulimala okuncane.Kuphela uma isisekelo samanje singaphezu kwe-5A, ukufakwa kwesigaba esisodwa sokuvikela phansi kufanele kucatshangelwe. Uma i-grounding capacitor current ingu-10A nangaphezulu, isivikelo singasebenza ngomkhawulo wesikhathi ekukhubekeni; lapho i-grounding capacitance current ingaphansi kwe-10A, isivikelo singasebenza ekukhubekeni noma ekuboniseni.Ukufakwa kwezintambo nokusethwa kwesivikelo samaphutha esiphansi sesigaba esisodwa semoto kuyafana nalezo zokuvikela amaphutha omugqa wesigaba esisodwa.

Ukuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi aphansi

Lapho amandla kagesi ehla isikhathi esifushane noma abuyiselwe ngemva kokuphazamiseka, amamotho amaningi aqala ngesikhathi esifanayo, okungabangela amandla kagesi ukuthi alulame isikhathi eside noma ahluleke nokululama.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuziqalisa kwamamotho abalulekile, ngenxa yamamotho angabalulekile noma inqubo noma izizathu zokuphepha, akuvunyelwe ukufaka ukuvikelwa kwe-voltage ephansi kumamotho aziqalayo ngesenzo esibambezelekile ngaphambi kokukhubeka..

Ukuvikelwa kokulayisha ngokweqile

Ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwesikhathi eside kuzobangela izinga lokushisa lemoto likhuphuke lidlule inani elivumelekile, okubangele ukuguga futhi kubangele nokwehluleka.Ngakho-ke, ama-motor athambekele ekulayisheni ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kufanele afakwe ukuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile.Ngokuya ngokubaluleka kwenjini kanye nezimo lapho ukugcwala ngokweqile kwenzeka khona, isenzo singasethwa ukuze sibe isignali, ukunciphisa umthwalo okuzenzakalelayo noma ukukhubeka.

Ukuvikelwa kwesikhathi eside sokuqalisa

Isikhathi sokuqala se-reaction motor side kakhulu. Lapho isikhathi sangempela sokuqala senjini sidlula isikhathi esimisiwe esivumelekile, isivikelo sizohamba.

Ukuvikela ukushisa ngokweqile

Isabela ekukhuleni kokulandelana okuhle kwamanje kwe-stator noma ukwenzeka kokulandelana okungalungile okubangelwa noma yisiphi isizathu, okubangela ukuthi i-motor ishise ngokweqile, futhi isivikelo sisebenza nge-alamu noma uhambo. Ukushisa ngokweqile kuvimbela ukuqala kabusha.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-rotor okumisiwe (ukuvikelwa kokulandelana okuhle kokudlulele)

Uma injini ivinjiwe ngesikhathi sokuqala noma sokusebenza, isenzo sokuvikela sizokhubeka. Kumamotho ahambisanayo, ukuvikela ngaphandle kwesinyathelo, ukulahlekelwa ukuvikela okuvusa amadlingozi kanye nokuvikelwa komthelela we-asynchronous nakho kufanele kwengezwe.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2023