Muva nje, umbiko we-CCTV “wokushaja ihora elilodwa nokuba umugqa amahora amane” uqubule izingxoxo ezishisayo. Impilo yebhethri nezinkinga zokushajwa kwezimoto zamandla amasha sekuphinde kwaba indaba eshisayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Njengamanje, uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium endabuko awuketshezi, amabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinilengokuphepha okuphezulu, ukuminyana kwamandla okukhulu, impilo yebhethri ende, nezinkambu zohlelo ezibanzikubhekwa kabanzi ngabangaphakathi embonini njengesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwamabhethri e-lithium. Izinkampani nazo ziyaqhudelana ngesakhiwo.
Nakuba ibhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile ingenakudayiswa esikhathini esifushane, inqubo yocwaningo nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile ezinkampanini ezinkulu ibilokhu ikhula ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha muva nje, futhi isidingo semakethe singase sikhuthaze ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi be-solid- beka ibhethri ye-lithium ngaphambi kwesimiso.Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yebhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile kanye nenqubo yokulungisa amabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile, futhi ikuyise ekuhloleni amathuba emakethe ezishintshayo akhona.
Amabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile anokuqina kwamandla angcono kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kokushisa kunamabhethri e-lithium ayiketshezi
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo emkhakheni wesicelo owela phansi kuye kwabeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme neziphakeme zemboni yebhethri ye-lithium, futhi ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium nabo buye bathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, buqhubekela phambili emandleni athile aphezulu nokuphepha.Ngokombono wendlela yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium, ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-lithium angawafinyelela kancane kancane asondele emkhawulweni wawo, futhi amabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile kuzoba ukuphela kwendlela yokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium.
Ngokuvumelana ne-“Technical Roadmap for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles”, umgomo wokuminyana kwamandla wamabhethri wamandla ngu-400Wh/kg ngo-2025 kanye no-500Wh/kg ngo-2030.Ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo ka-2030, umzila okhona wobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium ungase ungakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo wemfanelo. Kunzima ukwephula usilingi wokuminyana kwamandla okungu-350Wh/kg, kodwa ukuminyana kwamandla wamabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile kungadlula kalula ku-350Wh/kg.
Iqhutshwa yisidingo semakethe, izwe liphinde lifake ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhethri e-lithium aqinile.“OHlelweni Olusha Lokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yezimoto Zamandla (2021-2035)” (Okusalungiswa Kokuphawula) olukhishwe ngoDisemba 2019, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kuqiniswe ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zamabhethri e-lithium asesimweni esiqinile, futhi kukhuliswe amabhethri e-lithium asesimweni esiqinile. ezingeni likazwelonke, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuThebula 1.
Ithebula 1 Ukuhlaziywa okuqhathanisayo kwamabhethri awuketshezi namabhethri esimo esiqinile
Hhayi kuphela ezimotweni zamandla amasha, imboni yokugcina amandla inesikhala esibanzi sokufaka isicelo
Ithonywe ukugqugquzelwa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha kuzohlinzeka ngendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium aqinile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-lithium e-solid-state aphinde aqashelwe njengenye yezinkomba zobuchwepheshe obusafufusa okulindeleke ukuthi zibhodloze ibhodlela lobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla e-electrochemical futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zentuthuko zesikhathi esizayo.Mayelana nokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical, amabhethri e-lithium njengamanje athatha ama-80% okugcina amandla e-electrochemical.Umthamo ohlanganisiwe ofakiwe wesitoreji samandla e-electrochemical ngo-2020 ngu-3269.2MV, okuwukukhula ngamaphesenti angama-91 ngonyaka wezi-2019. Kuhlanganiswe neziqondiso zezwe zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla, isidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical ohlangothini lwabasebenzisi, izikhungo ezixhumeke kwigridi yamandla avuselelekayo kanye eminye imikhakha kulindeleke ukuthi ilethe ukukhula okusheshayo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Ukuthengiswa nokukhula kwezimoto zamandla amasha kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2021 Ukuqoqwa kwamandla afakiwe kanye nezinga lokukhula kwamaphrojekthi okugcina amandla amakhemikhali e-China kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2020
Umfanekiso 1 Ukuthengiswa nokukhula kwezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla amasha; amandla afakiwe kanye nezinga lokukhula kwamaphrojekthi okugcina amandla amakhemikhali e-China
Amabhizinisi asheshisa inqubo yocwaningo nentuthuko, futhi i-China ngokuvamile ikhetha izinhlelo ze-oxide
Eminyakeni yamuva, imakethe yemali, izinkampani zamabhethri nezinkampani ezinkulu zezimoto zonke seziqalile ukukhulisa ukwakheka kocwaningo lwamabhethri e-lithium aqinile, ngethemba lokubusa umncintiswano kubuchwepheshe bebhethri yamandla esizukulwane esilandelayo.Kodwa-ke, ngokwenqubekelaphambili yamanje, kuzothatha iminyaka engu-5-10 ukuze amabhethri e-lithium aqinile-isimo esiqinile avuthwe kubuchwepheshe besayensi nokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi.Izinkampani zezimoto ezijwayelekile zamazwe ngamazwe njengeToyota, Volkswagen, BMW, Honda, Nissan, Hyundai, njll. zandisa utshalomali lwazo lwe-R&D kubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile; ngokwezinkampani zamabhethri, i-CATL, LG Chem, Panasonic, Samsung SDI, BYD, njll. nazo ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa.
Amabhethri e-lithium aqinile angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezintathu ngokuya ngezinto ze-electrolyte: amabhethri e-lithium e-polymer solid-state, amabhethri e-lithium e-sulfide solid-state, namabhethri e-lithium e-oxide.Ibhethri le-lithium le-polymer solid-state lisebenza kahle ngokuphepha, ibhethri le-lithium ye-sulfide solid-state kulula ukulicubungula, kanti ibhethri ye-lithium ye-oxide inokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu.Njengamanje, izinkampani zaseYurophu naseMelika zikhetha izinhlelo ze-oxide ne-polymer; Izinkampani zaseJapan nezaseKorea eziholwa yiToyota kanye neSamsung zizimisele kakhulu ngezinhlelo zesulfide; I-China inabacwaningi kuzo zontathu izinhlelo, futhi ngokuvamile ikhetha izinhlelo ze-oxide, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso wesi-2 Isakhiwo sokukhiqiza samabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile sezinkampani zamabhethri nezinkampani ezinkulu zezimoto
Ngokombono wenqubekelaphambili yocwaningo nentuthuko, iToyota ibonwa njengomunye wabadlali abanamandla emkhakheni wamabhethri e-lithium aqinile emazweni angaphandle. I-Toyota yaqala ukwenza isiphakamiso sentuthuko efanele ngo-2008 lapho ibambisana ne-Ilika, ukuqalisa kwebhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile.NgoJuni 2020, izimoto zikagesi zakwaToyota ezifakwe amabhethri e-lithium aqinile sezivele zenze izivivinyo zokushayela emzileni wokuhlola.Manje isifinyelele esigabeni sokuthola imininingwane yokushayela izimoto.NgoSepthemba 2021, iToyota yamemezela ukuthi izotshala ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-13.5 ngonyaka ka-2030 ukuthuthukisa amabhethri esizukulwane esilandelayo namaketanga okuhlinzeka ngamabhethri, okuhlanganisa namabhethri e-lithium aqinile.Ngaphakathi, i-Guoxuan Hi-Tech, i-Qingtao New Energy, kanye ne-Ganfeng Lithium Industry basungule imigqa yokukhiqiza yomshayeli omncane wamabhethri e-lithium aqinile ngo-2019.NgoSepthemba 2021, ibhethri ye-lithium ye-Jiangsu Qingtao 368Wh/kg yaphasisa isitifiketi sokuhlola esiqinile sikazwelonke, njengoba kuboniswe kuThebula 2.
Ithebula 2 Izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ibhethri lesimo esiqinile zamabhizinisi amakhulu
Ukuhlaziywa kwenqubo yamabhethri e-lithium asekelwe ku-oxide asekelwe ku-oxide, inqubo yokucindezela okushisayo iyisixhumanisi esisha
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obunzima kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu bezilokhu zivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zamabhethri e-lithium aqinile. Izinguquko zenqubo yamabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile zibonakala ikakhulukazi enqubweni yokulungiselela amaseli, futhi ama-electrode awo nama-electrolyte anezidingo eziphakeme ngendawo yokukhiqiza, njengoba kuboniswe kuThebula lesi-3.
Ithebula 3 Ukuhlaziywa kwenqubo yamabhethri e-lithium asekelwe ku-oxide
1. Ukwethulwa kwemishini ejwayelekile - i-lamination hot press
Isingeniso somsebenzi wemodeli: Umshini wokucindezela oshisayo we-lamination usetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni senqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwawo wonke amaseli ebhethri e-lithium aqinile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nebhethri ye-lithium evamile, inqubo yokucindezela okushisayo iyisixhumanisi esisha, futhi isixhumanisi somjovo owuketshezi asikho. izidingo eziphezulu.
Ukucushwa komkhiqizo okuzenzakalelayo:
• Isiteshi ngasinye sidinga ukusebenzisa ama-axis servo motors angu-3 ~ 4, asetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-lamination nokunamathelisa ngokulandelana;
• Sebenzisa i-HMI ukuze ubonise izinga lokushisa lokushisa, isistimu yokushisisa idinga isistimu yokulawula i-PID, edinga inzwa yokushisa ephezulu futhi edinga inani elikhulu;
• Isilawuli se-PLC sinezidingo eziphakeme zokulawula ukunemba nesikhathi somjikelezo omfushane. Esikhathini esizayo, le modeli kufanele ithuthukiswe ukuze kuzuzwe i-ultra-high-speed hot-pressing lamination.
Abakhiqizi bezinsimbi bahlanganisa: I-Xi'an Tiger Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., i-Shenzhen Xuchong Automation Equipment Co., Ltd., i-Shenzhen Haimuxing Laser Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., kanye ne-Shenzhen Bangqi Chuangyuan Technology Co., Ltd.
2. Ukwethulwa kwemishini ejwayelekile - umshini wokuphonsa
Isingeniso somsebenzi wemodeli: I-slurry ye-powder ehlanganisiwe inikezwa ekhanda lokuphonsa ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yesistimu yokondla okuzenzakalelayo, bese isetshenziswa yi-scraper, i-roller, i-micro-concave nezinye izindlela zokumboza ngokuvumelana nezidingo zenqubo, bese yomiswa emhubheni wokomisa. I-base tape kanye nomzimba oluhlaza ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlehlisa emuva. Ngemuva kokoma, umzimba oluhlaza ungacwecwa futhi unqunywe, bese usikwa ube ububanzi obushiwo umsebenzisi ukuze kukhishwe into yefilimu engenalutho enamandla athile nokuguquguquka.
Ukucushwa komkhiqizo okuzenzakalelayo:
• I-Servo isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlehlisa emuva nokuhlehlisa, ukulungisa ukuchezuka, futhi isilawuli se-tension siyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe ukushuba kwesimo endaweni yokuhlehlisa kanye nokuhlehlisa;
• Sebenzisa i-HMI ukuze ubonise izinga lokushisa lokushisa, isistimu yokushisisa idinga isistimu yokulawula ye-PID;
• Ukugeleza komoya wefeni kudinga ukulawulwa isiguquli sefrikhwensi.
Abakhiqizi bemishini bahlanganisa: i-Zhejiang Delong Technology Co., Ltd., i-Wuhan Kunyuan Casting Technology Co., Ltd., i-Guangdong Fenghua High-tech Co., Ltd. - Igatsha Lezinsiza Le-Xinbaohua.
3. Ukwethulwa kwemishini ejwayelekile - isigayo sesihlabathi
Isingeniso somsebenzi wemodeli: Ilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kobuhlalu obuncane bokugaya, kusukela ekuhlakazweni okuguquguqukayo kuya ekugayeni kwamandla aphezulu kakhulu ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi ophumelelayo.
Ukucushwa komkhiqizo okuzenzakalelayo:
• Izigayo zesihlabathi zinezidingo eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa zokulawula ukunyakaza, ngokuvamile azisebenzisi ama-servos, kodwa zisebenzisa izinjini ezivamile ezine-voltage ephansi ngenqubo yokukhiqiza isihlabathi;
• Sebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi ukuze ulungise isivinini sokuphotha, esingalawula ukugaywa kwezinto ngesivinini esihlukene somugqa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokucoleka ezihlukene zezinto ezihlukene.
Abakhiqizi bezinto zokusebenza bahlanganisa: i-Wuxi Shaohong Powder Technology Co., Ltd., i-Shanghai Rujia Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd., kanye ne-Dongguan Nalong Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2022