Lapho uthenga iloli, abashayeli bamaloli okulahla bavame ukubuza, ingabe kungcono ukuthenga iloli elinesivinini esikhulu noma esincane se-axle yangemuva? Eqinisweni, zombili zinhle. Okubalulekile wukufaneleka. Ukukubeka kalula, abashayeli bamaloli abaningi bayazi ukuthi isilinganiso esincane se-axle yangemuva sisho amandla amancane okukhuphuka, isivinini esisheshayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kancane kukaphethiloli; isilinganiso esikhulu sesivinini se-axle yangemuva sisho amandla aqinile okukhuphuka, isivinini esinesivinini kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kukaphethiloli.
Kodwa kungani? Akudingeki sazi amaqiniso nje kuphela kodwa nezizathu eziwabangela. Namuhla, ake sixoxe nabangane babashayeli mayelana nesilinganiso sesivinini se-asi yangemuva yamaloli!
Isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva yigama nje elivamile. Igama lezemfundo isilinganiso esikhulu sokunciphisa, okuyisilinganiso segiya lesinciphisi esiyinhloko ku-axle yokushayela imoto. Ingakwazi ukunciphisa isivinini ku-drive shaft futhi ikhulise i-torque. Isibonelo, uma isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva yeloli singama-3.727, khona-ke uma isivinini se-shaft shaft singama-3.727 r / s (ama-revolutions ngomzuzwana), sizokwehliswa sibe ngu-1r/s (ama-revolutions ngomzuzwana).
Uma sithi imoto ene-axle yangemuva enesilinganiso esikhulu sejubane inamandla amakhulu, noma imoto ene-axle encane yangemuva ishesha isilinganiso, kufanele siqhathanise amamodeli afanayo. Uma kungamamodeli ahlukene, akunangqondo ukumane uqhathanise usayizi wezilinganiso zesivinini se-axle yangemuva, futhi kulula ukuthola iziphetho ezingalungile.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-axle yangemuva isetshenziswa ngokuhlangana no-gearbox, izilinganiso zejubane zamagiya ahlukene ku-gearbox nazo zihlukile, kanti isamba sesivinini semoto siwumphumela wokuphindaphinda isilinganiso sejubane lebhokisi kanye nesivinini i-axle yangemuva.
Kungani amaloli anesilinganiso esincane se-axle yangemuva egijima ngokushesha?
Ngaphandle kokucabangela izici zangaphandle ezifana nomthwalo, ukumelana komoya, ukumelana nokukhuphuka, njll., futhi ngokucabangela kuphela isilinganiso sokudlulisela, singathola isivinini semoto ngokusebenzisa ifomula:
Isivinini semoto = 0.377 × (isivinini sokuphuma kwenjini × irediyasi eginqikayo ithaya) / (isilinganiso segiya lebhokisi × isilinganiso sesivinini se-asi engemuva)
Phakathi kwazo, i-0.377 iyi-coefficient engashintshi.
Isibonelo, uma imodeli efanayo yamaloli alula iyiloli elilula A kanye neloli elilula B, afakwe amathayi angama-7.50R16 e-radial, i-Wanliyang WLY6T120 transmission manual, enamagiya ayi-6 aya phambili kanye negiya elilodwa elibuyela emuva, isivinini esiphezulu sihamba kakhulu, igiya. isilinganiso ngu-0.78, isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva yeloli elilula A ngu-3.727, futhi isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva yeloli elilula elingu-B ngu-4.33.
Bese kuthi uma u-gearbox usegiyeni eliphezulu futhi isivinini senjini singu-2000rpm, ngokwefomula engenhla, sibala isivinini seloli elincane A kanye neloli elincane elingu-B ngokulandelana. Irediyasi eginqikayo yesondo elingu-7.50R16 icishe ibe ngamamitha angu-0.3822 (i-radius egoqayo yamasondo ezinto ezicacisiwe ezihlukahlukene ingaphinda ithathwe ngokuya ngemingcele yesondo. Ukwenza lula imiphumela ecashunwe lapha ngokuqondile, le radiyasi eginqikayo inebanga lamaphutha.
Isivinini seloli elikhanyayo A = 0.377 × (2000 × 0.3822) / (0.78 × 3.727) = 99.13 (km/h);
Iloli elikhanyayo B isivinini = 0.377 × (2000 × 0.3822) / (0.78 × 4.33) = 85.33 (km/h);
Kumodeli efanayo yemoto, lapho ijubane lenjini lingu-2000rpm, kucatshangelwa ukuthi ijubane leloli elikhanyayo A eline-axle encane yangemuva isivinini lifinyelela ku-99.13km/h, kanye nesivinini seloli elikhanyayo B eline-asi enkulu yangemuva. ijubane isilinganiso ngu-85.33km/h. Ngakho-ke, imoto ene-axle encane yejubane langemuva igijima ngokushesha futhi iyonga kakhulu kuphethiloli.
Kungani amaloli anesilinganiso esikhulu sesivinini se-axle yangemuva enekhono eliqinile lokukhuphuka?
Ikhono eliqinile lokukhuphuka lisho ukuthi iloli linamandla okushayela aqinile. Ifomula yokubala ethiyori yamandla okushayela amaloli ithi:
Amandla okushayela = (i-torque yenjini × isilinganiso segiya × isilinganiso sokunciphisa sokugcina × ukusebenza kahle kokudluliselwa komshini) / irediyasi yamasondo
Elolini elincane A kanye neloli elincane B ngenhla, irediyasi yamasondo yesondo elingu-7.50R16 icishe ibe ngu-0.3937m (irediyasi yamathayi anokucaciswa okuhlukile nayo ingatholwa ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha amathaya. Ukuze kube lula, imiphumela icashunwe lapha ngokuqondile.
Uma unentshisekelo, sizokwethula ngokuningiliziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi). Uma iloli elilula A neloli elincane B likugiya lokuqala futhi i-torque yokukhipha injini ingu-450 Nm, sibala amandla okushayela atholwe iloli elincane A kanye neloli elincane B ngalesi sikhathi:
Iloli elilula Amandla okushayela = (450×6.32X3.72X0.98)/0.3937=26384.55 (Newtons)
Iloli elilula B ukushayela amandla = (450×6.32X4.33X0.98)/0.3937=30653.36 (Newton)
Uma injini iku-1st gear kanye ne-torque ephumayo yenjini ingu-450 Nm, amandla okushayela atholwe yiloli elincane A ngu-26384.55 Newtons, okuvame ukukhuluma mayelana namakhilogremu angu-2692 (kg) we-thrust (1 kg-force = 9.8 Newtons); amandla okushayela atholwe iloli elilula elingu-B ngu-30653.36 ama-Newtons, ngokuvamile akhuluma ngamakhilogremu angu-3128 (kg) we-thrust (1 kg-force = 9.8 Newtons). Ngokusobala, iloli elilula elingu-B elinejubane elikhulu le-asile yangemuva lithola amandla amakhulu okushayela, futhi ngokwemvelo linamandla anamandla okukhuphuka.
Lokhu okungenhla kuwukususelwa kwethiyori okuyisicefe. Ukuyibeka ngendlela ecace kakhudlwana, uma iloli liqhathaniswa nomuntu, isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle sangemuva sifana namathambo omlenze. Uma isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva sincane, iloli lingagijima ngokushesha ngomthwalo omncane futhi imvamisa yokugijima iphezulu; uma isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva sikhulu, iloli lingakwazi ukugijima phambili ngomthwalo osindayo futhi imvamisa yokugijima iphansi.
Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni okungenhla, kungabonakala ukuthi isilinganiso sejubane le-axle yangemuva sincane, amandla okukhuphuka mancane, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphansi; isilinganiso sesivinini se-axle yangemuva sikhulu, amandla okukhuphuka anamandla, isivinini siyanensa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphezulu.
Emakethe yasekhaya yamanje, inhlanganisela "yamandla amahhashi aphezulu kanye ne-axle yesivinini esincane esingemuva" iyona ejwayelekile, futhi iyasebenza kwezinye izimo. Ngokungafani nangaphambili, amandla enjini amahhashi ayemancane, kwakukhona ukugcwala okuningi, futhi kwakukhona imigwaqo eminingi yasezintabeni nemigwaqo ewubhuqu, ngakho abantu babevame ukukhetha i-axle yesivinini esikhulu esingemuva.
Ezinsukwini zanamuhla, ezokuthutha zisekelwe kakhulu emithwalweni evamile, ukuhleleka okusebenzayo, nemigwaqo emikhulu. "Ukuphela kwendlela yokunqoba wonke ubuciko bokulwa emhlabeni ukushesha." Uma imoto enenjini enamandla amahhashi ishayela ngesivinini esiphezulu, ne-axle yangemuva enesilinganiso esincane sesivinini kanye negiya le-overdrive lika-gearbox, isivinini senjini akudingeki sibe phezulu kakhulu ukuze sifinyelele isivinini esingaphezu kwamamayela angu-90 ngehora.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyazi futhi ukuthi isilinganiso sejubane le-axle yangemuva sinomphumela wokunciphisa isivinini kanye ne-torque ekhulayo. Uma injini enamandla amahhashi inamandla anele okugcina amandla futhi yona inetorque enkulu namandla okuqhuma aqinile, umphumela wokuthembela esilinganisweni esikhulu sesivinini se-asi yangemuva ukukhulisa i-torque ungaba buthaka. Phela nogearbox uyakwazi ukudlala indima efanayo.
I-axle yangemuva enamandla amakhulu, enesivinini esiphezulu isebenzisa uphethiloli futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezimeni ezikhethekile zokusebenza njengamaloli okulahla imfucuza, amaloli ahlanganisa usimende, nezimoto ezivame ukushayela emigwaqweni yasezintabeni.
Ngakho-ke uma sithenga iloli, kungcono ukuthenga i-axle yangemuva enkulu noma encane? Kusancike ekusebenziseni kwakho.
Kweminye imizila yezokuthutha kanye nemithwalo elinganiselwe, kulula ukukhetha imodeli enezinga elifanele lejubane. Kwabanye abathuthi abahambahambayo ezweni lonke, imizila nemithwalo ayilungiswanga, ngakho-ke kunzima ukukhetha. Udinga ukukhetha ngokuguquguqukayo isilinganiso sesivinini esimaphakathi ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2024