Ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zasekhaya kuyenyuka kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka. Ngekota yokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami kwadlula i-Japan ukuze ibe umthengisi omkhulu wezimoto emhlabeni. Le mboni ilindele ukuthi izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zizofinyelela ezimotweni eziyizigidi ezi-4 kulo nyaka, okuyenza ibe yinkampani ehamba phambili yokuthumela izimoto kwamanye amazwe. Uma sibuyela emuva ngaphambi kuka-2019, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zasekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zabagibeli, bekubuswa izimoto zikagesi zasekhaya ezinesivinini esiphansi. Yize ingekho imininingwane esemthethweni mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi, uma sibheka ukusebenza kwezinkampani ezithile embonini, isidingo semakethe sisasebenza.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, iphephandaba lase-Egypt i-Dawn lishicilele indaba eveza ukuthi ngenxa yenzuzo yentengo yezimoto zikagesi ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi kanye neqhaza elibili lamazwe ase-Afrika ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nasekukhuthazeni amandla ahlanzekile, izimoto zaseShayina ezinejubane eliphansi ziyangena. Imakethe yase-Afrika, futhi i-Ethiopia ingeyokuqala ukuyizama. Lo mbiko uveze ukuthi ngaphansi kwethonya le-Ethiopia, ayanda amazwe ase-Afrika azolandela lesi sigameko ngomuso.
I-Global Times yabika futhi yahlaziya ngasikhathi sinye ukuthi i-Afrika njengamanje inemakethe yabasebenzisi eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.4, lapho abantu abasha bafinyelela ku-70%, futhi abantu abasha e-Afrika bazoba amandla amakhulu okukhuthaza ukuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo eziphansi. izimoto zejubane.
I-Southeast Asia ne-South Asia inesibalo esiphezulu sabantu, futhi imakethe enkulu yendawo ye-tuk-tuk nayo iyindawo lapho izimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi zingangena khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yesifunda inesikhala esikhulu kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kohambo. Uma sithatha imakethe yaseNdiya njengesibonelo, imakethe yayo yezimoto ezinamasondo amabili nantathu yenza ama-80%. Ngo-2020 kuphela, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zaseNdiya ezinamasondo amabili kufinyelele ezigidini eziyi-16, kepha ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zabagibeli ngesikhathi esifanayo bekungaphansi kwezigidi ezi-3. Njengemakethe engase ibe khona “yokuthuthukiswa” kwamathuluzi ezokuthutha, akungabazeki ukuthi kuyikhekhe izinkampani zezimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi ezingakwazi ukuphuthelwa.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwanda izimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi ezibamba iqhaza emibukisweni ethile yokudayisa nokuthumela ngaphandle. Isibonelo, embukisweni wesithathu we-China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo, izinkampani eziningi zaseJiangsu, eHebei naseHenan zikhangise ngemikhiqizo yazo yezimoto zejubane eliphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto zenkundla kagesi¹ kanye ne-UTV² nazo zingamasegimenti emakethe anamandla amakhulu. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izinqola zegalofu njengamanje ziwuhlobo oluphambili lwezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, futhi imakethe yokuthekelisa igxile eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nasesifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Guanan Report Network, le makethe yenza ngaphezu kuka-95% iyonke. Imininingwane yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngo-2022 ikhombise ukuthi izimoto eziyi-181,800 zasekhaya zathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-55.38%. Ulwazi oluvuna izimakethe lukhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2022, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zasekhaya ezithunyelwa ngaphandle bekusesimweni sokukhula okuphezulu unyaka nonyaka, futhi ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwezindleko sekuphenduke izinzuzo eziphelele zezimoto zasekhaya ekuqhudelaneni phesheya kwezilwandle.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukufakwa kukagesi kwamamodeli e-UTV ikakhulukazi ezokuzilibazisa nezokuzijabulisa sekuphenduke umkhuba, okuzoba yithuba elisha kwezinye izinkampani zezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi. Ngokwemininingwane yenhlolovo ye-Betz Consulting, usayizi wemakethe ye-UTV yasekhaya uzoba ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-3.387 ngo-2022, kanti usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke uzoba ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-33.865. Kubikezelwa ukuthi usayizi usuwonke uzodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40 ngo-2028.
Ngakho-ke,kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhamba yansuku zonke noma izinto zokuhamba zokungcebeleka nezokuzijabulisa, ukukhiqizwa nokucwaninga kwezinkampani zezimoto ezifuywayo ezinesivinini esiphansi kungamboza lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo ehlukene.
Muva nje, i-"Xuzhou Daily" ibike ukuthi i-Jiangsu Jinzhi New Energy Vehicle Industry, inkampani engaphansi kwe-Jinpeng Group, okwamanje isizuze ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi eTurkey, ePakistan, e-Austria nakwamanye amazwe nezifunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Hongri, i-Zongshen, i-Dayang kanye nabanye abaholi bezimboni nabo banokuthunyelwa kwesikhathi eside ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe.
Engxenyeni yesibili ka-2020, ku-Global Intelligent Mobility Conference (GIMC 2020) eyayise-Nanjing, i-“Yangtze Evening News” inake inkampani yasendaweni yezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi: i-Nanjing Jiayuan. I-“Yangtze Evening News” isebenzise “okungavamile ukwaziwa” ukuchaza le nkampani yezimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi eyake yethula imodeli eyinkanyezi ye-Spirit Clan emakethe enesivinini esiphansi. Lo mbiko uphinde waveza ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi, iNanjing Jiayuan yayithumele imikhiqizo ehlobene emazweni angaphezu kuka-40 nasezifundeni emakethe yokuthekelisa. Imodeli entsha ye-Jiayuan KOMI eyembulwe emhlanganweni yathuthukiswa futhi yaklanywa ngokuvumelana nemithetho yezimoto zabagibeli ye-EU M1, futhi yaphumelela ekungqubuzaneni okuqinile kwe-EU, ukushayisana kwe-offset, ukushayisana kwezinhlangothi nokunye ukuhlola kokuphepha. Ekuqaleni konyaka odlule, iJiayuan yamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukuthi isithole isitifiketi sokuthekelisa esiyimodeli ye-EU M1, futhi imodeli ye-KOMI nayo yangena ngokusemthethweni emakethe yokuthekelisa yaphesheya kwezilwandle.
Ngokusobala, akuzona zonke izinkampani zezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi ezinamandla okuthatha le ndlela. Uma kubhekwa izinkampani zamanje, uma kuzongezwa enye ingxenye, imboni ilinganisela ukuthi yi-Hongri kuphela enethuba. Ukwengeza kule ndlela yokushintshashintsha, mangaki amathuba akhona ezimotweni ezinesivinini esiphansi?
Okokuqala, qhubeka nokucwila. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngemva kokuphothulwa kochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle zasemakhaya, imigwaqo yasemaphandleni iye yaqiniswa futhi yanwetshwa, futhi izimo ziye zaba ngcono futhi zaba ngcono. Akugcinanga ngokuthi kuxhunywe imizi, kodwa ngisho nemizi ixhunyiwe. Ngokuphambene nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda, ezokuthutha zomphakathi zasemakhaya bezilokhu zibambekile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi izinkampani zezimoto zejubane eliphansi zinezinzuzo eziningi ekudaleni amamodeli athengiswayo alo mkhakha ocwilayo.
Okwesibili, funa ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle. Ukunwetshwa kwezimoto ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi phesheya kwezilwandle akukhona nje “ukuthatha-njengoba kunjalo” kwemikhiqizo ekhona. Amaphuzu amaningana adinga ukuqashelwa: okokuqala, ukuqonda okucacile kwemakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle eqondiwe kuyadingeka, okuhlanganisa isidingo, isikali, imikhiqizo encintisanayo, imithethonqubo, izinqubomgomo kanye nezinye izici; okwesibili, umbono wokuthuthuka kwemikhiqizo edayiswayo uma kubhekwa umehluko ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle; okwesithathu, ukuthola izingxenye ezintsha nokudala imiphumela yomkhiqizo waphesheya kwezilwandle, njenge-UTV kagesi, izinqola zegalofu, izimoto zokugada, kanye nemikhiqizo yochungechunge lokukhucululwa kwendle ethuthukiswe ngokusekelwe ku-chassis yezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi.
Njengama-capillaries omkhakha wokukhiqiza izimboni, indima yezenhlalo edlalwa izinkampani zezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi ayikwazi ukushaywa indiva.Ezinkampanini eziningi zezimoto, indlela yokuphuma ezinguqukweni isasekelwe emkhakheni eziwujwayele.Mhlawumbe, njengoba abezindaba bencokola besho, “Umhlaba awushodi ngezimoto ezintsha zezemidlalo noma amaSUV, kodwa usashoda ngeLao Tou Le embalwa yeqophelo eliphezulu (abanye abezindaba babiza izimoto ezinejubane eliphansi) evela eChina.”
Qaphela:
1. Imoto yasensimini: isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni eziheha izivakashi, izindawo zegalofu, ezindaweni zasefekthri, izindawo zokugada nezinye izigcawu, ngakho-ke ngokwezigcawu ezihlukene, ingahlukaniswa ngezimoto zokubona indawo, izinqola zegalofu, izimoto ezigadayo, njll.
2. I-UTV: Isifinyezo se-Utility Terrain Vehicle, okusho imoto ephathekayo ehamba yonke indawo, ebizwa nangokuthi imoto ye-multi-functional all-terrain, elungele ulwandle ngaphandle komgwaqo, ukuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa, ukuthuthwa kwempahla yasezintabeni, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-28-2024