Ukukhetha uhlobo lwezimoto kulula kakhulu, kodwa futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lena inkinga ehilela ukunethezeka okuningi. Uma ufuna ukukhetha ngokushesha uhlobo futhi uthole umphumela, ukuzizwisa kuyashesha kakhulu.
Embonini ye-automation ye-mechanical design, ukukhethwa kwama-motors kuyinkinga evamile kakhulu. Abaningi babo banezinkinga ekukhetheni, kungaba kukhulu kakhulu ukuthi bangamoshwa, noma kuncane kakhulu ukuthi banganyakaziswa. Kulungile ukukhetha enkulu, okungenani ingasetshenziswa futhi umshini ungasebenza, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha encane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze wonge isikhala, umshini ushiya indawo encane yokufaka umshini omncane. Ekugcineni, kutholakala ukuthi i-motor ikhethiwe ibe mncane, futhi umklamo ushintshwa, kodwa usayizi awukwazi ukufakwa.
Embonini yemishini ezishintshayo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamamotho asetshenziswa kakhulu: izigaba ezintathu ze-asynchronous, stepper, kanye ne-servo. Amamotho e-DC awasekho endaweni.
Ugesi we-asynchronous wezigaba ezintathu, ukunemba okuphansi, vula uma ukhanyisa.
Uma udinga ukulawula isivinini, udinga ukwengeza i-converter frequency, noma ungangeza ibhokisi lokulawula isivinini.
Uma ilawulwa yi-converter ye-frequency, injini ekhethekile yokuguqula imvamisa iyadingeka. Nakuba ama-motor ajwayelekile angasetshenziswa kanye neziguquli zemvamisa, ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kuyinkinga, nezinye izinkinga zizokwenzeka. Ukuze uthole ukushiyeka okuthile, ungasesha ku-inthanethi. Injini yokulawula yebhokisi lombusi izolahlekelwa amandla, ikakhulukazi uma ilungiswa igiya elincane, kodwa isiguquli semvamisa ngeke.
Ama-Stepper motors angama-open-loop motors anembayo ephezulu, ikakhulukazi izitebhisi ezinezigaba ezinhlanu. Kunezitebhisi ezimbalwa zasekhaya ezinezigaba ezinhlanu, okuwumkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe. Ngokuvamile, i-stepper ayinayo i-reducer futhi isetshenziswa ngokuqondile, okungukuthi, i-shaft ephumayo ye-motor ixhunywe ngqo kumthwalo. Isivinini sokusebenza se-stepper ngokuvamile siphansi, cishe ama-revolutions angu-300 kuphela, yiqiniso, kukhona amacala okuguquguquka kwenkulungwane eyodwa noma ezimbili, kodwa futhi kunqunyelwe ukungalayishi futhi akunalo inani elisebenzayo. Yingakho singekho i-accelerator noma i-decelerator ngokuvamile.
I-servo iyinjini evaliwe enokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu. Kunama-servos amaningi asekhaya. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yangaphandle, kusenomehluko omkhulu, ikakhulukazi isilinganiso se-inertia. Ezingenisiwe zingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-30, kodwa ezifuywayo zingafinyelela cishe ku-10 noma 20 kuphela.
Uma nje injini ine-inertia, abantu abaningi bayayishaya indiva leli phuzu lapho bekhetha imodeli, futhi lokhu kuvame ukuba yinkomba eyinhloko yokunquma ukuthi injini ifanelekile yini. Ezimweni eziningi, ukulungisa i-servo ukulungisa inertia. Uma ukukhethwa komshini kungalungile, kuzokwandisa injini. Umthwalo wokulungisa iphutha.
Ama-servos asekhaya asekuqaleni ayengenayo inertia ephansi, inertia ephakathi, kanye ne-inertia ephezulu. Ngesikhathi ngiqala ukuhlangana naleli gama, angizange ngiqonde ukuthi kungani injini enamandla afanayo izoba namazinga amathathu we-inertia ephansi, ephakathi, kanye nephezulu.
I-inertia ephansi isho ukuthi i-motor yenziwa ngokuqhathaniswa futhi ibe yinde, futhi inertia ye-shaft eyinhloko incane. Uma i-motor yenza ukunyakaza okuphindaphinda kwe-high-frequency, inertia incane futhi isizukulwane sokushisa sincane. Ngakho-ke, amamotho ane-inertia ephansi afanele ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kwe-high-frequency. Kodwa i-torque evamile incane kakhulu.
Ikhoyili ye-servo motor ene-inertia ephezulu iwugqinsi, inertia ye-shaft eyinhloko inkulu, futhi i-torque inkulu. Ilungele izikhathi ezinetorque ephezulu kodwa hhayi ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo. Ngenxa yokunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu ukuze ame, umshayeli kufanele akhiqize amandla kagesi amakhulu e-reverse drive ukuze amise le inertia enkulu, futhi ukushisa kukhulu kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, injini ene-inertia encane inokusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki, isiqalo esisheshayo, ukuphendula ngokushesha ekusheshiseni nasekumeni, ukubuyisela okuhle kwesivinini esikhulu, futhi ifanele izikhathi ezithile ngomthwalo okhanyayo nokuma kwesivinini esikhulu. Njengezindlela zokumisa ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu. Amamotho ane-inertia emaphakathi nenkulu afanele izikhathi ezinemithwalo emikhulu kanye nezidingo zokuzinza okuphezulu, njengezimboni ezithile zamathuluzi emishini anemishini yokunyakaza eyindilinga.
Uma umthwalo umkhulu ngokuqhathaniswa noma isici sokusheshisa sikhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi kukhethwa injini encane ye-inertia, i-shaft ingase yonakaliswe kakhulu. Ukukhethwa kufanele kusekelwe ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu bomthwalo, ubukhulu bokusheshisa, njll.
I-motor inertia nayo iyinkomba ebalulekile yama-servo motors. Ibhekisela ku-inertia ye-servo motor ngokwayo, ebaluleke kakhulu ukusheshisa nokunciphisa i-motor. Uma i-inertia ingahambisani kahle, isenzo semoto sizozinza kakhulu.
Eqinisweni, kukhona nezinketho ze-inertia zamanye ama-motor, kodwa wonke umuntu wenze buthaka leli phuzu ekwakhiweni, njengemigqa evamile yokuthutha ibhande. Lapho i-motor ikhethiwe, itholakala ukuthi ayikwazi ukuqaliswa, kodwa ingahamba ngokucindezela kwesandla. Kulokhu, uma ukhulisa isilinganiso sokunciphisa noma amandla, ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile. Isimiso esiyisisekelo siwukuthi akukho inertia efanayo ekukhethweni kwesigaba sokuqala.
Ukuze ulawule impendulo yomshayeli we-servo motor ku-servo motor, inani eliphelele liwukuthi isilinganiso se-inertia yomthwalo ku-motor rotor inertia sisodwa, futhi esiphezulu asikwazi ukudlula izikhathi ezinhlanu. Ngokuklanywa kwedivayisi yokudlulisa ngomshini, umthwalo ungenziwa.
Isilinganiso se-inertia ne-motor rotor inertia sisondele kokukodwa noma okuncane. Lapho inertia yomthwalo inkulu ngempela, futhi umklamo wemishini awukwazi ukwenza isilinganiso se-inertia yomthwalo ku-motor rotor inertia ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezinhlanu, i-motor ene-motor rotor inertia ingasetshenziswa, okungukuthi, okuthiwa enkulu. inertia motor. Ukufeza impendulo ethile lapho usebenzisa i-motor ene-inertia enkulu, umthamo womshayeli kufanele ube mkhulu.
Ngezansi sichaza isenzeko kunqubo yangempela yokusetshenziswa kwemoto yethu.
I-motor iyadlidliza lapho iqala, okusobala ukuthi i-inertia enganele.
Ayitholakalanga inkinga uma injini igijima ngesivinini esiphansi, kodwa uma ijubane liphezulu, ibishibilika uma ima, bese kuthi i-output shaft isuke kwesokunxele nakwesokudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukufaniswa kwe-inertia kusendaweni elinganiselwe yenjini. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwanele ukwandisa isilinganiso sokunciphisa kancane.
Injini engu-400W ilayisha amakhulu amakhilogremu noma ithani elilodwa noma amabili. Lokhu ngokusobala kubalwa amandla kuphela, hhayi itorque. Nakuba imoto ye-AGV isebenzisa i-400W ukudonsa umthwalo wamakhilogremu angamakhulu amaningana, ijubane lemoto ye-AGV lihamba kancane kakhulu, okungavamile ukuba kube njalo ezinhlelweni ezizenzakalelayo.
I-servo motor ifakwe injini yegiya lezikelemu. Uma kufanele isetshenziswe ngale ndlela, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ijubane motor akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka 1500 rpm. Isizathu siwukuthi kukhona ukungqubuzana kokuslayida ekuncipheni kwegiya lezikelemu, ijubane liphezulu kakhulu, ukushisa kubi kakhulu, ukugqokwa kuyashesha, nempilo yesevisi iyancipha uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngalesi sikhathi, abasebenzisi bazokhala ngokuthi unjani udoti onjalo. Amagiya wezikelemu angenisiwe azoba ngcono, kodwa awakwazi ukumelana nokucekelwa phansi okunjalo. Inzuzo ye-servo enegiya lezikelemu ukuzikhiya, kodwa okubi ukulahlekelwa ukunemba.
Inertia = irediyasi yokuzungezisa x isisindo
Uma nje kukhona mass, ukusheshisa kanye deceleration, kukhona inertia. Izinto ezizungezayo kanye nezinto ezihambayo ekuhumusheni zine-inetia.
Lapho kusetshenziswa izinjini ezijwayelekile ze-AC asynchronous, asikho isidingo sokubala inertia. Isici sama-AC motors ukuthi lapho inertia okukhiphayo inganele, okungukuthi, idrayivu inzima kakhulu. Nakuba i-torque yesimo esiqinile yanele, kodwa i-inertia yesikhashana inkulu kakhulu, khona-ke Lapho injini ifinyelela isivinini esingalingani ekuqaleni, i-motor iyancipha bese iba ngokushesha, bese ikhuphula kancane isivinini, futhi ekugcineni ifinyelele isivinini esilinganiselwe. , ngakho-ke idrayivu ngeke idlidlize, enomthelela omncane ekulawuleni. Kodwa lapho ukhetha i-servo motor, njengoba i-servo motor incike ekulawulweni kwempendulo ye-encoder, ukuqalisa kwayo kuqinile kakhulu, futhi ijubane eliqondiwe kanye nenhloso yesikhundla kufanele kufinyelelwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma inani le-inertia elingamelana nemoto lidlula, injini izothuthumela. Ngakho-ke, lapho ubala i-servo motor njengomthombo wamandla, isici se-inertia kufanele sicatshangelwe ngokugcwele. Kudingekile ukubala inertia yengxenye ehambayo ekugcineni eguqulwa ku-motor shaft, futhi usebenzise le inertia ukubala i-torque phakathi nesikhathi sokuqalisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-06-2023