Uma inkinga yamanje ye-shaft ixazululwa, ukuphepha kwesistimu enkulu yokuthwala imoto kuzothuthukiswa ngempumelelo

Injini ingomunye wemishini ejwayeleke kakhulu, futhi iyisisetshenziswa esiguqula amandla kazibuthe kagesi abe amandla emishini. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla, ezinye izici ezilula neziyinkimbinkimbi zingabangela ukuthi injini ikhiqize ama-shaft currents ngamazinga ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi kumamotho amakhulu, Kumamotor ane-voltage ephezulu kanye nama-motor frequency aguquguqukayo, kunezimo eziningi zokutubeka kwemoto nokuhluleka ngenxa shaft yamanje.

Izimo ezidingekayo zokukhiqiza i-current voltage kanye ne-loop evaliwe. Ukuqeda i-shaft current, ngokombono we-theory, isilinganiso esisodwa ukulawula noma ngisho nokuqeda i-voltage ye-shaft, kanti enye ukusika i-loop evaliwe; empeleni, abakhiqizi abahlukene bahlose Izimo zokusebenza ezihlukene, izinyathelo ezithathiwe azifani. Ezimweni zokusebenza okulula ukusebenza, kuzosetshenziswa amabhulashi e-diversion carbon. Umgomo uwukudala enye isifunda ukuhlukanisa i-bearing from the circuit; ezimweni eziningi, kuba Ngokwendlela yokusika isifunda, sebenzisa imikhono yokufaka i-insulating, izembozo zokugcina ezivikelayo, ama-insulating bearings, noma izinyathelo zokufaka indawo yokuthwala.

Ukuze kuncishiswe ngokuyisisekelo ingozi yamanje ye-shaft, ubuhlakani bohlelo lokuklama nokuhambisana kwenqubo yokukhiqiza nomklamo kuyadingeka kakhulu. Ukulawulwa okunciphile kohlelo lokuklama kanye nokukhiqizwa kwenqubo kungokonga kakhulu futhi kuthembekile kunezinyathelo ezihlukahlukene zakamuva.

Ama-voltmeter e-elekthronikhi (aziwa nangokuthi ama-millivoltmeters e-AC) ngokuvamile abhekisela kuma-voltmeter e-analog.Kuyithuluzi lokulinganisa elisetshenziswa kakhulu kumasekhethi kagesi. Isebenzisa ikhanda kazibuthe njengenkomba futhi ingeyethuluzi lesikhombi.I-voltmeter ye-elekthronikhi ayikwazi ukukala i-voltage ye-AC kuphela, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa njengebhendi ebanzi, enomsindo ophansi, i-amplifier enenzuzo ephezulu.

Ama-voltmeter e-elekthronikhi ajwayelekile akhiwa izingxenye ezimbili: ukukhulisa nokutholwa.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izingxenye ezine: i-attenuator, i-AC voltage amplifier, umtshina kanye nokuphakelwa kwamandla okulungisiwe.

I-voltmeter ye-elekthronikhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukala ama-voltage esiginali aphezulu naphansi, futhi ingelinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekukaleni ngogesi.

I-voltage elinganisiwe iqala incishiswe i-attenuator ibe yinani elifanele okokufaka kwe-AC amplifier, bese ikhuliswa yi-AC voltage amplifier, futhi ekugcineni itholwe umtshina ukuze uthole i-voltage ye-DC, futhi inani liboniswa ikhanda lemitha. .

I-engeli yokuchezuka ye-pointer ye-voltmeter kagesi ilingana nenani elimaphakathi le-voltage elinganisiwe, kodwa iphaneli ilinganiswa ngokwenani elisebenzayo le-voltage ye-sinusoidal AC, ngakho-ke i-voltmeter kagesi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukukala inani elisebenzayo. amandla kagesi we-sinusoidal AC.Lapho ukala i-voltage ye-AC engeyona ye-sinusoidal, ukufundwa kwe-voltmeter kagesi akunayo incazelo eqondile. Kuphela ngokuhlukanisa ukufundwa nge-coefficient ye-waveform engu-1.11 we-voltage ye-sinusoidal AC lapho kungatholwa inani elimaphakathi le-voltage elinganisiwe.

Ama-voltmeters e-analog ngokuvamile abhekisela kuma-voltmeters esikhomba, angeza i-voltage elinganisiwe ku-ammeter ye-magnetoelectric futhi ayiguqule ibe i-engeli yokuchezuka kwesikhombi ukuze ikalwe.Lapho ukala i-DC voltage, ingakhuliswa ngokuqondile noma ikhuliswe noma incishwe ukuze ibe inani elithile le-DC yamanje ukushayela inkomba yokuchezuka kwesikhombi sekhanda lemitha ye-DC.Lapho ukala i-voltage ye-AC, kufanele idlule kusiguquli se-AC/DC, okungukuthi, umtshina, ukuze uguqule amandla kagesi e-AC alinganisiwe abe amandla kagesi e-DC alinganayo, bese ikala i-DC voltage.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlukanisa, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-analog voltmeters.

I-voltmeter yedijithali iguqula inani le-voltage elinganisiwe ibe inani ledijithali ngobuchwepheshe bedijithali, bese ibonisa inani le-voltage elilinganisiwe ezinombolweni zamadesimali.I-voltmeter yedijithali isebenzisa isiguquli se-A/D njengendlela yokulinganisa, futhi ibonisa imiphumela yokulinganisa ngesibonisi sedijithali.I-voltmeter yedijithali yokulinganisa i-voltage ye-AC namanye amapharamitha kagesi kufanele iguqule amapharamitha kagesi akaliwe ngaphambi kwesiguquli se-A/D, futhi iguqule amapharamitha kagesi akaliwe abe amandla kagesi e-DC.

Ama-voltmeter edijithali angahlukaniswa abe ama-voltmeter edijithali e-DC kanye nama-voltmeter edijithali e-AC ngokuya ngezinto zokulinganisa ezihlukene.Ama-voltmeter edijithali e-DC angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu: uhlobo lokuqhathanisa, uhlobo olubalulekile kanye nohlobo oluyinhlanganisela ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuguqula i-A/D.Ngokwezimiso ezihlukile zokuguqulwa kwe-AC/DC, ama-voltmeter edijithali e-AC angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu: uhlobo oluphakeme, uhlobo lwenani elimaphakathi kanye nohlobo lwenani olusebenzayo.

I-voltmeter yedijithali isebenzisa okukhiphayo kwedijithali ukuze ibonise imiphumela yokulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zokunemba kokulinganisa okuphezulu, isivinini esisheshayo, i-impedance enkulu yokufaka, umthamo oqinile wokugcwala, ikhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, nokuxazulula okuphezulu, kulula futhi ukuhlanganisa namakhompyutha nezinye izinto zokusebenza. Amathuluzi okuhlola okuzenzakalelayo namasistimu nawo athatha isikhundla esibalulekile esilinganisweni sikagesi.