Ngabe imboni yokukhiqiza izimoto ikusebenzisa kanjani ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, inciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi izuze intuthuko esimeme yemboni?

Iqiniso lokuthi u-25% wokukhiqizwa kwensimbi minyaka yonke embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto awupheli emikhiqizweni kodwa uchithwa ngochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, iqiniso lokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokwenza insimbi embonini yezimoto bunamandla amakhulu okunciphisa udoti wensimbi.Umthelela omkhulu wezemvelo wemboni ye-metallurgical uvela ngokusobala ekukhiqizeni kwangempela kwezinsimbi ezivela ku-ores, ezenziwe kahle kakhulu.Izinqubo zokwakhiwa kwensimbi ezansi nomfula, ezishuniwe ukuze zikwazi ukukhishwa okuphezulu, ziphenduke zaba yimfucumfucu kakhulu.Cishe cishe ingxenye yensimbi ekhiqizwa emhlabeni unyaka nonyaka ayidingeki, kanti ingxenye yesine yokukhiqizwa kwensimbi ayifinyeleli emkhiqizweni, inqanyulwa ngemva kokungabhalwa lutho noma umdwebo ojulile.

Ukuklama noma ukwenza izinsimbi ezinamandla aphezulu

Ukusebenzisa imishini ethuthukisiwe efana nokucindezela kwe-servo nokugoqeka okulawulwayo kunganciphisa ukulahleka kwezinto futhi kukhiqize izingxenye zamandla aphezulu, futhi isitembu esishisayo sandisa ukusebenza kwezinsimbi ezinamandla kakhulu ezingxenyeni..YendabukoIshidi lensimbi lakha amajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi, ukubumba okuthuthukisiwe okubandayo kunciphisa udoti wezinto ezibonakalayo ngokwakha izimo ezinzima kakhulu zokusebenza okungcono kanye nezidingo zomshini ezincishisiwe.I-Young's modulus yezinto zensimbi inqunywa ngokuyisisekelo ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okunoshintsho oluncane ngokuyisisekelo, futhi ukucubungula okusha ekubunjweni nasezicini ze-thermo-mechanical kukhulisa kakhulu amandla ensimbi.Esikhathini esizayo, njengoba izinqubo zemishini ziqhubeka nokuvela, imiklamo yezingxenye ezithuthukisiwe izovumela amandla anda ngenkathi ikhulisa ukuqina.Ukuze onjiniyela abakha insimbi (indwangu) bathole ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, izingxenye ezingabizi kakhulu Hlanganyela nabaklami bezingxenye ukuze udizayine ubujamo bomkhiqizo obulula, obuqinile nezakhiwo, kanye nezinto ososayensi ukuze bakhe insimbi yezomnotho enamandla futhi enamandla.

Nciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesivuno ochungechungeni lokunikezela ngensimbi yeshidi

Ukungasho lutho kanye nokugxiviza okusanhlamvu njengamanje kubusa ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto, nge-isilinganiso esicishe sibe uhhafu wamashidi agcina esembonini yezimoto, ngesivuno esimaphakathi semboni esingu-56% kanye nokwenza okuhle kakhulu okungama-70%.Ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezingabandakanyi ekucubunguleni kuyehla kalula, isibonelo ngokufaka izidleke ezihlukene eduze kwekhoyili, osekuyinto evamile kwezinye izimboni.Ukulahlekelwa kokugxiviza okuhlobene nemichilo engenamsebenzi phakathi nokudweba okujulile kungase kungaqedwa ngokuphelele futhi kungase kuncishiswe esikhathini esizayo.Ukusetshenziswa komshini wokunyathelisa ophindwe kabili kushintshaniswa ezinye izindlela zokwenza izingxenye ngesimo senetha, ukuba nokwenzeka kwezingxenye ze-axisymmetric ezenziwe ngokuzungezisa, leli thuba lobuchwepheshe alihlolisiswanga ngokugcwele, futhi kunesidingo sokuqhubeka nokunciphisa amazinga amaphutha ekugxivizeni isitembu. ubuchwepheshe kanye nokulahlekelwa komklamo womkhiqizo kanye nenqubo.

Gwema ukuklama ngokweqile

Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezakhiwe ngensimbi namafreyimu ensimbi kuvame ukusebenzisa insimbi ngokweqile kuze kufike ku-50%, izindleko zensimbi ziphansi futhi izindleko zabasebenzi ziphezulu, indlela eshibhe kakhulu yokukhiqiza izimoto ngokuvamile ukusebenzisa insimbi eyengeziwe ukugwema umklamo kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza ezidingekayo. ukusebenzisa .Emaphrojekthini amaningi ezimoto, asiyazi imithwalo ezosetshenziswa empilweni yemoto yonke, ngakho-ke thatha amadizayini aqaphele kakhulu futhi uwaklamele imithwalo ephakeme kakhulu ongayicabanga, ngisho noma kungenakwenzeka ukuthi lokho kwenzeke ekusebenzeni.Imfundo yobunjiniyela yesikhathi esizayo inganikeza ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe mayelana nokubekezelelana nobukhulu ukuze kusize ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, futhi ukuqonda kangcono izici eziphakamayo ekukhiqizeni izingxenye kuzosiza ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile okunjalo.

Izinqubo ezisuselwa kumpushana (i-sintering, ukucindezela kwe-isostatic okushisayo noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D) kuvame ukungasebenzi kahle ngokuya kwamandla nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Uma ujwayele ukwenza izingxenye eziphelele, izinqubo zempushana ezihlanganiswe nezinqubo zokwakheka kwensimbi zendabuko zemininingwane yendawo zingase zinikeze izinzuzo ezithile zokusebenza kahle kwawo wonke amandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwempahla, futhi ukubumba kwe-polymer okuyinhlanganisela nokubunjwa komjovo wempushana wensimbi kungase kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle. Isinyathelo se-hot-roll into yangokwezifiso ye-soft-magnetic composite (SMC) engasindisa cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yensimbi edingekayo ku-stator/rotor ibonise isithembiso sobuchwepheshe, kodwa yehlulekile ukukhiqiza inzuzo yezentengiso. Imboni yezimoto ayinantshisekelo emisha ngoba ishidi eligoqiwe elibandayo le-stator/rotor selivele lishibhile futhi amakhasimende akanantshisekelo njengoba ezobona umehluko omncane ezindlekweni futhi angahle angafanelekile ezimweni ezikhethekile.

Gcina imikhiqizo ikusevisi isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuyishintsha

Imikhiqizo eminingi iyashintshwa futhi ihlale isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi “iphuke”, futhi ugqozi lokusungula izinto ezintsha luncike kumamodeli ebhizinisi amasha lapho zonke izinsimbi zithuthukiswa futhi zigcinwe yizinkampani ezigxile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukugaywa kabusha okuthuthukisiwe kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe

Ukuphinda kuncibilike okuvamile kuncike ekulawuleni ukwakheka kwensimbi, ukungcoliswa kwethusi ekugayweni kabusha kwensimbi, noma ukuhlanganiswa kokusakazwa kabusha okuxubile noma ukubumba kabusha kunganciphisa inani lezinsimbi ezenziwe ngezinsalela.Izindlela ezintsha zokuhlonza, ukuhlukanisa kanye nokuhlunga imifudlana ehlukene yensimbi ingangeza inani elikhulu.I-Aluminiyamu (futhi mhlawumbe nezinye izinsimbi ezingezona ayoni) ingase iphinde igaywe ngaphandle kokuncibilika ngokubopha okuqinile, futhi ukuhlanza ama-chips e-aluminium akhishwe kungase kube nezakhiwo ezilingana nezinto ezingasetshenziswanga kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwezwe eliqinile, okubonakala kusebenza kahle.Okwamanje, ukucubungula ngaphandle kwe-extrusion kungabangela izinkinga zokuqhekeka kwendawo, kodwa lokhu kungabhekwana nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yesikhathi esizayo.Imakethe ye-scrap okwamanje ayivamisile ukubona ukwakheka okuyingqophamlando kwezilahliwe, esikhundleni salokho ukuyilinganisa ngomthombo, futhi imakethe yokugaywa kabusha esikhathini esizayo ingaba yigugu kakhulu ngokudala ukonga amandla okugaywa kabusha kanye nokuhlukaniswa kakhudlwana kokulahlwa kwezinto.Ukuthi izinto ezikhishwayo ezivela ekwenziweni kwezinto ezintsha zithinta kanjani (ukukhishwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo), qhathanisa imiphumela yokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa ngezindlela ezahlukene (ukukhishwa kwesigaba sokusetshenziswa), ukwakheka komkhiqizo kungasiza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ngokuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwezinsimbi ezilahliwe. Ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo nokuphinda usebenzise.

Ekuphetheni

Ukujwayela izinqubo ezintsha eziguquguqukayo kungaqeda ubunjiniyela obudlulele, isisusa sokusebenzisa izinqubo zokulondoloza impahla ngokwentengiso asinamandla, futhi ayikho indlela eyamukelwa emhlabeni wonke yokuletha imithelela ekhuphuka nomfula, enenani eliphansi.Kodwa izinqubo zokukhishwa kwegesi ephezulu, ukwehlisa izinqubo zenani eliphezulu lokukhishwa kwezisi eziphansi, zenza kube nzima ukwakha icala lebhizinisi ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle.Ngaphansi kwezinxephezelo zamanje, abahlinzeki bezinto ezibonakalayo bahlose ukukhulisa ukuthengiswa, futhi uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokukhiqiza luhloselwe ukwehlisa izindleko zabasebenzi kunezindleko zempahla.Izindleko eziphezulu zokulahlwa kwempahla yensimbi ziphumela ekukhiyeleni isikhathi eside kwezinqubo ezimisiwe, lapho amakhasimende nabasebenzisi bokugcina benezisusa ezincane zokuqhuba ukonga impahla ngaphandle uma kudala ukonga kwezindleko ezinkulu.Njengoba isidingo sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide emhlabeni wonke sikhuphuka, imboni yokukhiqiza izimoto izobhekana nengcindezi ekhulayo yokwengeza izinto eziningi zenani emikhiqizweni emisha embalwa, futhi imboni yokukhiqiza izimoto isivele ibonise amandla amakhulu okusungula izinto ezintsha.