Uma kukhulunywa nge-800V, izinkampani zamanje zezimoto zithuthukisa kakhulu inkundla yokushaja esheshayo engu-800V., futhi abathengi bacabanga ngokunganaki ukuthi i-800V iwuhlelo lokushaja olusheshayo.
Eqinisweni, lokhu kuqonda akuqondakali ngandlela thize.Ukunemba, ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-800V kungenye yezici zesistimu engu-800V.
Kulesi sihloko, ngihlose ukukhombisa abafundi ngokuhlelekile uhlelo oluphelele lwe-800V kusuka kubukhulu obuhlanu, okuhlanganisa:
1. Luyini uhlelo lwe-800V emotweni entsha yamandla?
2. Kungani kwethulwa i-800V okwamanje?
3. Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinembile ezingalethwa uhlelo lwe-800V njengamanje?
4. Yibuphi ubunzima kuhlelo lokusebenza lwamanje lwe-800V?
5. Ithini indlela yokushaja engaba khona esikhathini esizayo?
01.Luyini uhlelo lwe-800V emotweni entsha yamandla?
Isistimu ye-high-voltage ihlanganisa zonke izingxenye ze-high-voltage ku-platform ye-voltage ephezulu. Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa izingxenye ze-high-voltage zejwayelekileimoto entsha kagesi ehlanzekileifakwe ipulatifomu yamandla kagesi engu-400V epholile ngamanziiphakethe lebhethri.
Ipulatifomu ye-voltage yesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu isuselwa ku-voltage ephumayo yephakethe lebhethri lamandla emoto.
Ibanga elithile leplathifomu kagesi yamamodeli ahlanzekile ahlukene kagesi lihlobene nenani lamaseli axhunywe ochungechungeni kuphakethe lebhethri ngalinye kanye nohlobo lwamaseli (i-ternary, i-lithium iron phosphate, njll.).
Phakathi kwazo, inani lamaphakethe ebhethri le-ternary ochungechungeni elinamaseli ayi-100 licishe libe ngu-400V high voltage.
I-platform ye-voltage engu-400V esivame ukuthi iyigama elibanzi. Thatha iplathifomu engu-400V iJikrypton 001 njengesibonelo. Uma iphakethe lebhethri le-ternary eliphathwa yilo lisuka ku-100% SOC liye ku-0% SOC, ububanzi bayo bokushintsha kwamandla kagesi buseduze100V (cishe 350V-450V). ).
Umdwebo we-3D wephakethe lebhethri lamandla aphezulu
Ngaphansi kwesiteji samanje se-400V high-voltage, zonke izingxenye kanye nezingxenye zesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu zisebenza ngaphansi kwezinga le-voltage engu-400V, futhi umklamo wepharamitha, ukuthuthukiswa nokuqinisekiswa kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezinga le-voltage engu-400V.
Ukuze kuzuzwe uhlelo olugcwele lweplathifomu ye-high-voltage engu-800V, okokuqala, mayelana ne-voltage yephakethe lebhethri, iphakethe lebhethri elingu-800V lidinga ukusetshenziswa, elihambisana cishe nama-200.i-lithium ye-ternaryamaseli ebhethri ochungechungeni.
Kulandelwa amamotho, ama-air conditioner, amashaja, i-DCDC isekela i-800V kanye namahhanisi ezintambo ahlobene, izixhumi ezinamandla kagesi kanye nezinye izingxenye kuwo wonke amasekethe anamandla kagesi aklanywe, athuthukiswe futhi aqinisekiswe ngokuhambisana nezidingo ze-800V.
Ekuthuthukisweni kwesakhiwo seplathifomu engu-800V, ukuze ihambisane nezinqwaba zokushaja ngokushesha ezingama-500V/750V emakethe, izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile ezingama-800V zizohlonyiswa ngamamojula we-DCDC angu-400V kuya ku-800V.isikhathi eside.
Umsebenzi wayo ukunquma ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthi uzovula imojuli ye-boost ukuze ushaje iphakethe lebhethri elingu-800V ngokuya ngamandla wangempela kagesi weinqwaba yokushaja .
Ngokwenhlanganisela yokusebenza kwezindleko, cishe kunezinhlobo ezimbili:
Enye yezakhiwo zeplathifomu ye-800V ephelele.
Zonke izingxenye zemoto kule zakhiwo zenzelwe i-800V.
Isakhiwo esigcwele sesistimu ye-voltage ephezulu engu-800V
Isigaba sesibili siyingxenye engabizi kakhulu yokwakhiwa kweplathifomu engu-800V.
Gcina ezinye izingxenye ze-400V: Njengoba izindleko zamanje zamadivayisi okushintsha amandla angu-800V ziphindwe izikhathi eziningana kune-400V IGBTs, ukuze kulinganiswe izindleko zemoto yonke kanye nokushayela kahle, ama-OEM akhuthazwa ukusebenzisa izingxenye ze-800V.(njengamamotho)kuGcina ezinye izingxenye ze-400V(isb. i-air conditioner kagesi, i-DCDC).
I-Multiplexing yemishini yamandla emoto: Njengoba singekho isidingo sokushayela phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, ama-OEM azwela izindleko azophinda asebenzise amadivayisi kagesi kusilawuli se-axle yangemuva ye-axle motor ye-400V-800 boost DCDC.
I-Power System 800V Platform Architecture
02.Kungani izimoto zamandla amasha zethula izinhlelo ze-800V okwamanje?
Ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi zamanje, cishe u-80% kagesi usetshenziswa enjinini yokushayela.
I-inverter, noma isilawuli semoto, silawula injini kagesi futhi ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu emotweni.
Isistimu yokushayela kagesi emithathu-in-one
Esikhathini se-Si IGBT, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kweplathifomu ye-high-voltage engu-800V kuncane, futhi amandla ohlelo lokusebenza awanele.
Ukulahleka okusebenzayo kwesistimu ye-drive motor ikakhulukazi kuhlanganiswa ukulahleka komzimba wemoto kanye nokulahleka kwe-inverter:
Ingxenye yokuqala yokulahlekelwa - ukulahlekelwa komzimba wemoto:
- Ukulahlekelwa kwethusi - ukulahlekelwa ukushisa phezumotor stator mawindi(ucingo lwethusi);
- Ukulahleka kwensimbi Kumasistimu lapho injini isebenzisa amandla kazibuthe, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa(Ukushisa kwe-Joule)okubangelwa ama-eddy currents akhiqizwa ensimbi(noma i-aluminium)ingxenye yemoto ngenxa yezinguquko kumandla kazibuthe;
- Ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo kubangelwa ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukugeleza kwenkokhiso okungavamile;
- ukulahlekelwa umoya.
Uhlobo oluthile lwe-400V flat wire motor ngokulandelayo lusebenza kahle kakhulu okungu-97%, kanti i-400V Extreme Krypton 001 Wei Rui motor body kuthiwa inamandla amakhulu angama-98%.
Esigabeni se-400V, esifinyelele ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwe-97-98%, ukusebenzisa i-platform ye-800V kunendawo elinganiselwe yokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemoto ngokwayo.
Ingxenye 2 Ukulahleka: Ukulahleka Kwe-Motor Inverter:
- ukulahlekelwa conduction;
- ukushintsha ukulahlekelwa.
Okulandelayo yi-I-HondaImephu engu-400V yesikhulumi se-IGBT motor inverter ukusebenza kahle[1].Ngaphezu kwama-95%.izindawo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zisondele ku-50%.
Kusukela ekuqhathanisweni kwesimo samanje sokulahlekelwa sezingxenye ezimbili:
Uma kuqhathaniswa kanzima phakathi kokulahleka komzimba wemoto (>2%)kanye nokulahleka kwe-motor inverter(>4%), ukulahlekelwa kwe-inverter kukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa.
Ngakho-ke, uhla lokushayela lwemoto luhlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kahle kwe-inverter eyinhloko ye-drive motor.
Ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwe-semiconductor yamandla esizukulwane sesithathu i-SiC MOSFET, izingxenye zamandla ezimoto ezintsha zamandla, njenge-drive motor, zisebenzisa i-Si IGBT njengethuluzi lokushintsha le-inverter, futhi izinga le-voltage elisekelayo licishe libe ngu-650V. Amagridi kagesi, izitimela zikagesi nezinye izikhathi ezingasetshenzisiwe.
Ngokombono onokwenzeka, imoto entsha yabagibeli yamandla ngokwethiyoriyo ingasebenzisa i-IGBT enamandla okumelana no-1200V njengesishintshi samandla sesilawuli semoto esingu-800V, futhi uhlelo lwe-800V luzothuthukiswa ngenkathi ye-IGBT.
Ngokombono wokusebenza kwezindleko, ipulatifomu yamandla kagesi angu-800V inokuthuthukiswa okulinganiselwe ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba wemoto. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-1200V IGBT akuthuthukisi ukusebenza kahle kwe-motor inverter, ebangela ukulahlekelwa okuningi. Kunalokho, iletha uchungechunge lwezindleko zokuthuthukisa. Izinkampani eziningi zezimoto azinawo amandla okusebenza ngesikhathi se-IGBT. 800V yesikhulumi.
Esikhathini se-SiC MOSFETs, ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-800V kwaqala ukwenziwa ngcono ngenxa yokuzalwa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile.
Ngemuva kokufika kwamadivayisi kagesi we-silicon carbide wesizukulwane sesithathu semiconductor, ithole ukunakwa okukhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezinhle kakhulu [2].Ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-high frequency Si MOSFETs kanye ne-high voltage Si IGBTs:
- Imvamisa yokusebenza ephezulu - kufika ezingeni le-MHz, inkululeko ephezulu yokushintshashintsha
- Ukumelana okuhle kwamandla kagesi - kufika ku-3000 kV, izimo zokusetshenziswa okubanzi
- Ukumelana okuhle kwezinga lokushisa - kungasebenza ngokuzinzile ekushiseni okuphezulu okungama-200 ℃
- Usayizi omncane ohlanganisiwe - izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza linciphisa usayizi we-heatsink nesisindo
- Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Okusebenzayo - Ukwamukelwa kwamadivayisi kagesi we-SiC kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezingxenye zamandla njengama-motor inverters ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okuncishisiwe.Thatha iIhlakaniphileGenie njengesibonelo ngezansi. Ngaphansi kwesikhulumi se-voltage efanayo futhi ngokuyisisekelo ukumelana nomgwaqo okufanayo(cishe awukho umehluko ngesisindo/umumo/ububanzi besondo),zonke zingama-Virui motors. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-inverters e-IGBT, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwama-SiC inverters kuthuthukiswa cishe ngo-3%.Qaphela: Ukuthuthukiswa kwangempela kokusebenza kahle kwe-inverter nakho kuhlobene nekhono lokuklama ihadiwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware yenkampani ngayinye.
Imikhiqizo yakudala ye-SiC yayinqunyelwe inqubo yokukhula kwe-SiC wafer namandla okucubungula ama-chip, futhi umthamo wamanje wokuthwala i-chip eyodwa wama-SiC MOSFET wawuphansi kakhulu kunalowo wama-Si IGBT.
Ngo-2016, ithimba labacwaningi eJapane lamemezela ukuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo kwe-inverter enamandla amakhulu esebenzisa amadivaysi e-SiC, futhi kamuva lashicilela imiphumela ku-(Electrical and Electronic Engineering Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan)IEEJ[3].I-inverter yayinamandla okukhipha angu-35kW ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngo-2021, ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe unyaka nonyaka, amandla amanje okuthwala ama-SiC MOSFET akhiqizwa ngobuningi anamandla okumelana ne-1200V athuthukile, futhi imikhiqizo ekwazi ukujwayela amandla angaphezu kuka-200kW isibonile.
Kulesi sigaba, lobu buchwepheshe sebuqalile ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zangempela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusebenza kwamandla kagesi kagesi kuvame ukuba kuhle.Amadivayisi kagesi e-SiC asebenza kahle kakhulu kunama-IGBT, futhi angafanisa amandla okumelana ne-voltage(1200V) kweisiteji se-800V, futhi sebethuthuke baba namandla angaphezu kuka-200kW eminyakeni yamuva nje;
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinzuzo zesikhulumi se-high-voltage engu-800V zingabonakala.Ukuphindwa kabili kwe-voltage kuletha umkhawulo ongaphezulu wamandla okushaja emoto yonke phezulu, ukulahleka kwethusi kohlelo kuphansi, futhi ukuminyana kwamandla we-motor inverter kuphezulu.(ngokwesimo, itorque namandla enjini yosayizi ofanayo aphezulu);
Okwesithathu ukukhulisa involution emakethe entsha yamandla.Ukuphishekela ibanga eliphezulu lokuhamba ngomkhumbi kanye nokugcwalisa amandla ngokushesha ngasohlangothini lwabathengi, uhlangothi lwebhizinisi luzimisele ukwenza umehluko kumehluko we-powertrain emakethe yamandla entsha;
Lezi zinto ezingenhla zigcine zilethe ukuhlolwa okukhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinkundla zamandla kagesi aphezulu angu-800V eminyakeni emibili edlule.Okwamanje afakwe ohlwini amamodeli epulatifomu engu-800V afaka i-Xiaopeng G9,I-PorscheI-Taycannjalo njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SAIC, i-Krypton,I-Lotus, Kuhle,Tianji Automobilenezinye izinkampani zezimoto nazo zinezinhlobo ezihambisanayo ze-800V ezilungele ukwethulwa emakethe.
03.Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinembile ezingalethwa uhlelo lwe-800V njengamanje?
Uhlelo lwe-800V ngokwethiyori lungabhala izinzuzo eziningi. Ngicabanga ukuthi izinzuzo ezinembile kakhulu kubathengi bamanje ikakhulukazi lezi ezimbili ezilandelayo.
Okokuqala , impilo yebhethri yinde futhi iqine kakhulu, okuyinzuzo enembile kakhulu.
Ezingeni lokusebenzisa amandla lamakhilomitha ayi-100 ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ze-CLTC, izinzuzo ezilethwa uhlelo lwe-800V(isithombe esingezansi sibonisa ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-Xiaopeng G9 kanyeBMWI-iX3, i-G9 iyasinda, umzimba ubanzi, kanye ne-amathayizibanzi, zonke okuyizici ezingezinhle zokusetshenziswa kwamandla), izilinganiso ezilandelanayo Kukhona ukukhuphuka okungu-5%.
Ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesistimu ye-800V kuthiwa kugqame kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi kwethulwa i-Xiaopeng G9, abakhiqizi baqondise ngamabomu abezindaba ukuthi bahlole impilo yebhethri enesivinini esikhulu. Imithombo yezindaba eminingi ibike ukuthi i-800V Xiaopeng G9 ithole izinga lempilo yebhethri elinesivinini esikhulu (impilo yebhethri enesivinini esikhulu/impilo yebhethri ye-CLTC*100%)..
Umthelela wangempela wokonga amandla udinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe okuvela emakethe yokulandelela.
Okwesibili ukunikeza ukudlala okugcwele emandleni ezinqwaba zokushaja ezikhona.
Izinhlobo zeplathifomu engu-400V, uma ubhekene nezinqwaba zokushaja ezingu-120kW, 180kW, ijubane lokushaja licishe lifane. (Idatha yokuhlola ivela ku-Chedi)Imojula ye-DC boost esetshenziswa imodeli yeplathifomu engu-800V ingashaja ngokuqondile inqwaba ekhona yokushaja i-low-voltage(200kW/750V/250A)lokho akunqunyelwe amandla egridi emandleni aphelele angu-750V/250A.
Qaphela: I-voltage yangempela egcwele ye-Xpeng G9 ingaphansi kuka-800V ngenxa yokucatshangelwa kobunjiniyela.
Sithatha inqwaba yesibonelo njengesibonelo, amandla okushaja e-Xiaopeng G9 (800V platform)ngephakethe lebhethri le-100-degree elifanayocishe izikhathi ezi-2ye-JK 001(Inkundla ye-400V).
04.Yibuphi ubunzima kuhlelo lokusebenza lwamanje lwe-800V?
Ubunzima obukhulu bokusebenza kwe-800V abukahlukaniseki ezindlekweni.
Lezi zindleko zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: izindleko zengxenye kanye nezindleko zokuthuthukiswa.
Ake siqale ngezindleko zezingxenye.
Amandla kagesi aphezulu ayabiza futhi asetshenziswa ngobuningi.Idizayini yayo yonke idivayisi yamandla angu-1200-voltage high-voltage enezakhiwo ezigcwele ezingama-800V isebenzisa okungaphezu kwalokho.30, futhi okungenani 12I-SiC yamamodeli we-dual-motor.
Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2021, intengo yokuthengisa ye-100-A discrete SiC MOSFETs (650 V kanye ne-1,200 V) icishe ibe izikhathi ezi-3.intengo ye-Si IGBT efanayo.[4]
Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 11, 2022, ngafunda ukuthi umehluko wentengo yokudayisa phakathi kwama-Infineon IGBT amabili nama-SiC MOSFET anezicaciso zokusebenza ezifanayo cishe izikhathi ezingu-2.5..(Umthombo wedatha Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Infineon Okthoba 11, 2022)
Ngokusekelwe emithonjeni yedatha emibili engenhla, kungacatshangwa ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi imakethe yamanje i-SiC cishe izikhathi ezi-3 umehluko wentengo we-IGBT.
Okwesibili yizindleko zokuthuthukisa.
Njengoba izingxenye eziningi ezihlobene ne-800V zidinga ukuklanywa kabusha futhi ziqinisekiswe, ivolumu yokuhlola inkulu kunaleyo yemikhiqizo emincane ephindaphindwayo.
Eminye yemishini yokuhlola enkathini ye-400V ngeke ifaneleke emikhiqizweni engu-800V, futhi amathuluzi okuhlola amasha adinga ukuthengwa.
Iqoqo lokuqala lama-OEMs ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo emisha engu-800V ngokuvamile lidinga ukwabelana ngezindleko zokuthuthukisa zokuhlola ezengeziwe nabahlinzeki bengxenye.
Kulesi sigaba, ama-OEM azokhetha imikhiqizo engu-800V kubahlinzeki asebekhulile ukuze ahlakaniphe, futhi izindleko zokuthuthukisa abahlinzeki asebekhulile zizoba phezulu kakhulu.
Ngokwesilinganiso sikanjiniyela wezimoto we-OEM ngo-2021, izindleko zemoto kagesi ehlanzekile enezinga elingu-400kW ene-architecture ephelele engu-800V kanye nesistimu ye-dual-motor 400kW izonyuka isuka ku-400V iye ku-800V., futhi izindleko zizokhuphuka cishe10,000-20,000 yuan.
Okwesithathu ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphansi kohlelo lwe-800V.
Ukuthatha ikhasimende likagesi elimsulwa lisebenzisa inqwaba yokushaja yasekhaya njengesibonelo, kucatshangelwa izindleko zokushaja ezingu-0.5 yuan/kWh kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okungu-20kWh/100km (ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okujwayelekile ohambweni lwesivinini esikhulu samamodeli e-EV aphakathi nendawo namakhulu), izindleko ezikhulayo zamanje zohlelo lwe-800V zingasetshenziswa ikhasimende ngamakhilomitha angu-10- 200,000.
Izindleko zamandla ezilondolozwe ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle komjikelezo wempilo yemoto (ngokusekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza kahle kweplathifomu yamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye ne-SiC, umbhali cishe ulinganisela inzuzo yokusebenza kahle kwe-3-5%).ayikwazi ukukhokhela ukukhuphuka kwamanani ezimoto.
Kukhona futhi umkhawulo wemakethe wamamodeli angu-800V.
Izinzuzo zeplathifomu engu-800V ngokwezomnotho azibonakali, ngakho ifanele amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu le-B+/C anomgomo wokugcina wokusebenza kwemoto futhi awanandaba nezindleko zemoto eyodwa.
Lolu hlobo lwemoto lunesabelo semakethe esincane uma kuqhathaniswa.
Ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa kwedatha ye-Passenger Federation, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Agasti 2022, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwekilasi lentengo yezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-China, umthamo wokuthengisa we-200,000-300,000 wabalelwa ku-22%, ukuthengiswa kwe-300,000 kuya ku-400,000 kubalwe16%, futhi ukuthengiswa kuka-400,000 kubalwe4%.
Ukuthatha intengo yezimoto ezingama-300,000 njengomngcele, ngesikhathi lapho izindleko zezingxenye ze-800V zingancishiswanga kakhulu, amamodeli we-800V angabala cishe ama-20% wesabelo semakethe..
Okwesine, i-800V izingxenye zochungechunge aluvuthiwe.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-800V ludinga ukuthuthukiswa kabusha kwezingxenye zokuqala zesekethe yamandla kagesi aphezulu.Amabhethri epulatifomu yamandla kagesi aphezulu, amadrayivu kagesi, amashaja, amasistimu okuphatha okushisayo nezingxenye, iningi le-Tire1 ne-Tire2 asesesigabeni sokuthuthukiswa futhi abanalo ulwazi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhiqiza ngobuningi. Bambalwa abahlinzeki be-OEM, futhi imikhiqizo eseyivuthiwe ijwayele ukuvela ngenxa yezinto ezingalindelekile. izinkinga zokukhiqiza.
Okwesihlanu, i-800V aftermarket ayiqinisekiswanga kangako.
Uhlelo lwe-800V lusebenzisa imikhiqizo eminingi esanda kuthuthukiswa (i-motor inverter, i-motor body, ibhethri, ishaja + DCDC, isixhumi esinamandla kagesi aphezulu, i-air conditioner enamandla amakhulu, njll.), futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa imvume, ibanga le-creepage, ukwahlukanisa, i-EMC, ukuchithwa kokushisa, njll.
Njengamanje, umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kanye nokuqinisekisa emakethe yamandla entsha yasekhaya mfushane (imvamisa, umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi amasha ezinkampanini ezihlangene ezindala yiminyaka emi-5-6, kanti umjikelezo wamanje wokuthuthuka emakethe yasekhaya ungaphansi kweminyaka emi-3. ).Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi sangempela sokuhlolwa kwemakethe yezimoto yemikhiqizo engu-800V asanele, futhi amathuba okuthengisa ngemva kokuthengisa aphakeme kakhulu. .
Okwesithupha, inani elisebenzayo lokushajwa kwesistimu ye-800V aliphezulu.
Uma izinkampani zezimoto zikhangisa amandla angu-250kW,480kW (800V)ukushaja okushesha kakhulu kwamandla amakhulu, ngokuvamile bamemezela inani lamadolobha lapho kubekwe khona izinqwaba zokushaja, bahlose ukuqondisa abathengi ukuthi bacabange ukuthi bangajabulela lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho noma nini ngemva kokuthenga imoto, kodwa iqiniso alilihle kangako.
Kunezingqinamba ezintathu eziyinhloko:
Ibhukwana le-Xiaopeng G9 800V High Voltage Fast Charge Brochure
(1) 800V izinqwaba zokushaja zizokwengezwa.
Njengamanje, izinqwaba zokushaja ze-DC ezivame kakhulu emakethe zisekela amandla kagesi aphezulu angu-500V/750V kanye namandla amanje alinganiselwe angu-250A, angakwazi ukunikeza ukudlala okupheleleamandla okushaja okusheshayo ohlelo lwe-800V(300-400kW) .
(2) Kunezingqinamba emandleni aphezulu angama-800V ama-supercharged piles.
Ukuthatha i-supercharger ye-Xiaopeng S4 (ukupholisa uketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu)njengesibonelo, umthamo omkhulu wokushaja ngu-480kW/670A.Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa komthamo wegridi yamandla, isiteshi sokubonisa sisekela kuphela ukushaja kwemoto eyodwa, okungasebenzisa amandla aphakeme kakhulu okushaja amamodeli angu-800V. Ngamahora aphakeme, ukushajwa kanyekanye kwezimoto eziningi kuzodala ukuphambukiswa kwamandla.
Ngokwesibonelo sochwepheshe bokuhlinzeka ngogesi: izikole ezinabafundi abangaphezu kuka-3,000 endaweni yogu olusempumalanga zifaka isicelo somthamo ongu-600kVA, ongasekela inqwaba eshajwe kakhulu engu-480kW 800V ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sokusebenza kahle okungama-80%.
(3) Izindleko zokutshala izimali zama-800V ama-supercharged piles ziphezulu.
Lokhu kuhilela ama-transformer, ama-piles, isitoreji samandla, njll. Izindleko zangempela zilinganiselwa ukuthi zikhulu kunaleso siteshi sokushintshaniswa, futhi amathuba okuthunyelwa ngezinga elikhulu aphansi.
Ukushaja okuphezulu okungu-800V kuwukugcizelelwa kwekhekhe kuphela, ngakho-ke hlobo luni lwesakhiwo sendawo yokushaja engathuthukisa umuzwa wokushaja?
I-Holiday High Speed Charging Field yango-2022
05.Umcabango wesakhiwo sezindawo zokushaja esikhathini esizayo
Njengamanje, kuyo yonke ingqalasizinda yenqwaba yokushaja yasekhaya, isilinganiso semoto-kuya-yinqwaba (okubandakanya izinqwaba zomphakathi + izinqwaba zangasese)isesezingeni elicishe libe ngu-3:1(kusekelwe kudatha yango-2021).
Ngokukhula kokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezinamandla ezintsha kanye nokukhululeka kokukhathazeka kwabathengi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kukhuliswe isilinganiso semoto-to-pile. Ukucaciswa okuhlukahlukene kwezinqwaba ezishaja ngokushesha kanye nezinqwaba ezishaja kancane zingahlelwa ngokunengqondo ezimeni zendawo kanye nezimo zokushaja ngokushesha, ukuze kuthuthukiswe umuzwa wokushaja. Ukuze uthuthukise, futhi ungabhalansisa ngempela umthwalo wegridi.
Okokuqala ukushaja indawo oya kuyo, ukushaja ngaphandle kwesikhathi esengeziwe sokulinda:
(1) Izindawo zokuhlala zokupaka: Inani elikhulu lezinqwaba zokushaja okunensayo ezihlanganyelwayo nezihlelekile ngaphakathi kuka-7kW, futhi izimoto zikawoyela zinikezwa kuqala ukupaka izindawo zokupaka ezingezona ezintsha, ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zabahlali, futhi izindleko zokubeka iphansi kakhulu, futhi indlela yokulawula ehlelekile ingase futhi igweme ukweqa igridi yamandla esifunda. umthamo.
(2) Inxanxathela yezitolo/izindawo ezinhle/amapaki ezimboni/izakhiwo zamahhovisi/amahhotela nezinye izindawo zokupaka: 20kW ukushajwa okusheshayo kwenezelwa, futhi kwakhiwa inani elikhulu lokushaja kancane okungu-7kW.Uhlangothi lwentuthuko: izindleko eziphansi zokushaja kancane futhi azikho izindleko zokunwetshwa; uhlangothi lwabathengi: gwema ukuhlala endaweni / izimoto ezihambayo ngemuva kokushaja okusheshayo kushajwe ngokugcwele ngesikhathi esifushane.
Okwesibili ukugcwalisa amandla ngokushesha, indlela yokulondoloza sonke isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla:
(1) Indawo yesevisi ye-Expressway: gcina inombolo yamanje yokushaja okusheshayo, ukhawule ngokuqinile umkhawulo ongaphezulu wokushaja (ofana no-90% -85% wokuphakama), futhi uqinisekise isivinini sokushaja sezimoto ezishayela amabanga amade.
(2) Amagalaji kaphethiloli eduze nendawo yokungena yomgwaqo omkhulu emadolobheni amakhulu/amadolobhana: lungiselela ukushaja okushesha kakhulu kwamandla, futhi ubeke umkhawulo oqinile wokushaja (ofana no-90% -85% ekuphakameni), njengesengezo endaweni yesevisi yesivinini esikhulu, eduze nebanga elide elifunwa ngabasebenzisi bamandla amasha, kuyilapho kusakazwa isidingo sokushaja esisedolobheni/idolobhana.Qaphela: Ngokuvamile, igalaji likaphethiloli eliphansi lifakelwe amandla kagesi angu-250kVA, ongasekela cishe izinqwaba ezimbili zokushaja ngokushesha ezingu-100kW ngesikhathi esisodwa.
(3) Igalaji likaphethiloli lasedolobheni/indawo yokupaka emoyeni evulekile: lungiselela ukushaja okunamandla amakhulu ukuze ukhawule umkhawulo ongaphezulu wokushaja.Njengamanje, iPetroChina isebenzisa izinsiza zokushaja/zokushintshana ngokushesha endaweni entsha yamandla, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi iziteshi eziningi zikaphethiloli zifakwe izinqwaba zokushaja ngokushesha esikhathini esizayo.
Qaphela: Indawo yendawo yegalaji likaphethiloli/indawo yokupaka emoyeni evulekile ngokwayo iseduze nomgwaqo futhi izici zesakhiwo zisobala kakhulu, okulungele ukushaja amakhasimende ukuze athole ngokushesha inqwaba futhi ashiye isayithi ngokushesha.
06.Bhala ekugcineni
Njengamanje, uhlelo lwe-800V lusabhekene nobunzima obuningi ezindlekweni, ezobuchwepheshe kanye nengqalasizinda. Lobu bunzima buwukuphela kwendlela yokusungulwa nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezimoto zamandla amasha kanye nokuphindaphinda kwezimboni. esiteji.
Izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina, ngamakhono azo okufaka isicelo sobunjiniyela okusheshayo nasebenzayo, zingase zikwazi ukubona inani elikhulu lokusetshenziswa okusheshayo kwezinhlelo ze-800V, futhi zihole ekuholeni inkambiso yobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezimoto zamandla amasha.
Abathengi baseShayina bazoba ngabokuqala ukujabulela ulwazi lwezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezilethwa inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe.Akusafani nangesikhathi sezimoto zikaphethiloli, lapho abathengi basekhaya bethenga amamodeli amadala ezinkampanini zezimoto zamazwe ngamazwe, ubuchwepheshe obudala noma imikhiqizo ethenwa ubuchwepheshe.
Izithenjwa:
[1] Ucwaningo Lwezobuchwepheshe lwe-Honda: Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezimoto kanye ne-PCU yoHlelo lwe-SPORT HYBRID i-MMD
[2] Han Fen, Zhang Yanxiao, Shi Hao. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-SiC MOSFET ku-Boost circuit [J]. I-Industrial Anstrumentation and Automation Device, 2021(000-006).
[3] Koji Yamaguchi, Kenshiro Katsura, Tatsuro Yamada, Yukihiko Sato .High Power Density SiC-Based Inverter Enokuminyana kwamandla okungu-70 kW/litre noma 50 kW/kg[J]. I-IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications
[4] I-PGC Consultancy Article: Ukuthatha isitoko se-SiC, Ingxenye 1: ukubuyekezwa kokuncintisana kwezindleko ze-SiC kanye nomgwaqo wokwehlisa izindleko
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-21-2022