Kungani kufanele injini ikhethe i-50HZ AC? |

Ukudlidliza kwezimoto kungenye yezimo zokusebenza zamanje zamamotho. Ngakho-ke, ingabe uyazi ukuthi kungani izinto zikagesi ezifana nezinjini zisebenzisa i-50Hz kushintshana yamanje esikhundleni sika-60Hz?

Amanye amazwe emhlabeni, njenge-United Kingdom ne-United States, asebenzisa i-60Hz alternating current, ngoba asebenzisa uhlelo lwedesimali, yiziphi izinkanyezi eziyi-12, amahora ayi-12, osheleni abayi-12 balingana nephawundi elilodwa nokunye.Amazwe akamuva amukela uhlelo lwedesimali, ngakho-ke imvamisa ingu-50Hz.

Manje kungani sikhetha i-50Hz AC esikhundleni se-5Hz noma i-400Hz?

Kuthiwani uma i-frequency iphansi?

Imvamisa ephansi kakhulu ngu-0, okuyi-DC.Ukuze afakazele ukuthi ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kaTesla kuyingozi, u-Edison wasebenzisa i-alternating current ukuze afake ugesi ivoti lezilwane ezincane. Uma izindlovu zithathwa njengezilwane ezincane… Uma sikhuluma ngokunenhloso, ngaphansi kosayizi ofanayo wamanje, umzimba womuntu ungamelana namandla aqondile isikhathi eside kunesikhathi sokumelana nokushintshashintsha kwamandla sihlobene ne-fibrillation ye-ventricular, okungukuthi, ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kuyingozi kakhulu.

U-Cute Dickson naye wehlulwe kuTesla ekugcineni, futhi i-AC yashaya i-DC ngenzuzo yokushintsha kalula izinga likagesi.Endabeni yamandla afanayo okudlulisa, ukwandisa i-voltage kuzonciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanje, futhi amandla asetshenziswe kulayini azokwehla. Enye inkinga yokudluliselwa kwe-DC ukuthi kunzima ukuphuka, futhi le nkinga iseyinkinga kuze kube manje.Inkinga yokudluliswa kwe-DC iyafana nenhlansi eyenzeka lapho ipulaki kagesi ikhishwa ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile. Lapho i-current ifinyelela izinga elithile, inhlansi ayikwazi ukucisha. Siyibiza ngokuthi "i-arc".

Ngokushintshana kwamanje, i-current izoshintsha indlela, ngakho-ke kunesikhathi lapho okwamanje kweqa uziro. Sisebenzisa leli phuzu lesikhathi lamanje elincane, singanqamula umugqa wamanje ngedivayisi yokucisha i-arc.Kodwa isiqondiso se-DC samanje ngeke sishintshe. Ngaphandle kwaleli phuzu lokuwela uziro, kungaba nzima kakhulu ngathi ukucisha i-arc.

Yini engalungile nge-low frequency AC?

Okokuqala, inkinga yokusebenza kahle kwe-transformer

I-transformer incike ekushintsheni kwenkundla kazibuthe ohlangothini oluyinhloko ukuze ezwe ukukhuphuka noma ukwehla kohlangothi lwesibili.Lapho imvamisa yendima kazibuthe ihamba kancane, i-induction iba buthakathaka. Icala elibi kakhulu yi-DC, futhi akukho-induction nhlobo, ngakho-ke imvamisa iphansi kakhulu.

Okwesibili, inkinga yamandla emishini kagesi

Isibonelo, isivinini senjini yemoto imvamisa yayo, njengokuthi 500 rpm uma ingenzi lutho, 3000 rpm lapho isheshisa futhi ishintsha, futhi amaza aguquliwe angu-8.3Hz no-50Hz ngokulandelanayo.Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi uma ijubane liphezulu, amandla enjini aba makhulu.

Ngendlela efanayo, nge-frequency efanayo, injini enkulu, amandla aphumayo amakhulu, yingakho izinjini zikadizili zizinkulu kunophethiloli, nezinjini ezinkulu nezinamandla zikadizili zingakwazi ukushayela izimoto ezinzima njengamaloli amabhasi.

Ngendlela efanayo, injini (noma yonke imishini ejikelezayo) idinga kokubili usayizi omncane namandla amakhulu okukhiphayo. Kukhona indlela eyodwa kuphela - ukwandisa isivinini, yingakho imvamisa ye-alternating current ayikwazi ukuba phansi kakhulu, ngoba sidinga usayizi omncane kodwa amandla aphezulu. motor kagesi.

Okufanayo kuyiqiniso kuma-air conditioners e-inverter, alawula amandla okukhishwa kwe-compressor ye-air conditioner ngokushintsha imvamisa ye-current alternating.Kafushane, amandla kanye nemvamisa kuhlotshaniswa kahle phakathi kwebanga elithile.

Kuthiwani uma i-frequency iphezulu?Isibonelo, kuthiwani nge-400Hz?

Kunezinkinga ezimbili, enye ukuthi ukulahleka kwemigqa nemishini kuyanda, kanti enye ukuthi i-generator iphenduka ngokushesha kakhulu.

Ake sikhulume ngokulahlekelwa kuqala. Izintambo zikagesi, okokusebenza kwesiteshi esincane, nezinto zikagesi zonke ziyasabela. Ukusabela kuhambisana nemvamisa. Ngaphansi.

Njengamanje, ukusabela kolayini wokudlulisela ongu-50Hz kucishe kube ngu-0.4 ohms, okucishe kube izikhathi eziyi-10 ukumelana. Uma inyuswa yaba ngu-400Hz, ukusabela kuzoba ngu-3.2 ohms, okungaba izikhathi ezingu-80 ukumelana.Kolayini bamandla kagesi aphezulu, ukunciphisa ukusabela kuwukhiye wokuthuthukisa amandla okudlulisela.

Ngokuhambelana nokusabela, kukhona futhi ukusabela kwe-capacitive, okuhambisana ngokuphambene nemvamisa. Ukuphakama kwefrikhwensi, kuncane ukusabela kwe-capacitive kanye nokukhulu ukuvuza kwamanje komugqa.Uma imvamisa iphezulu, ukuvuza kwamanje komugqa kuzokwanda.

Enye inkinga ijubane le-generator.Isethi yamanje yejeneretha ngokuyisisekelo ingumshini wesiteji esisodwa, okungukuthi, izigxobo kazibuthe.Ukuze ukhiqize ugesi ongu-50Hz, i-rotor izungeza ku-3000 rpm.Uma ijubane lenjini lifinyelela ku-3,000 rpm, ungayizwa kahle injini idlidliza. Uma isiphendukela ku-6,000 noma ku-7,000 rpm, uzozwa sengathi injini isizogxuma iphume esiqandisini.

Injini yemoto isenjena, ingasaphathwa eyomshini oqinile wensimbi ne-steam turbine enesisindo esingamathani ayi-100, okuyisizathu futhi somsindo omkhulu wesikhungo sikagesi.Irotha yensimbi enesisindo esingamathani ayi-100 ekujikelezweni okungu-3,000 ngomzuzu kulula ukukusho kunokukwenza. Uma i-frequency iphindwe kathathu noma kane ngaphezulu, kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-generator ingandiza iphume endaweni yokusebenzela.

I-rotor esindayo enjalo ine-inertia enkulu, okubuye kube yisisekelo sokuthi uhlelo lwamandla lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-inertial futhi lungagcina ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile.Kungakho futhi imithombo yamandla ngezikhathi ezithile njengomoya nelanga inselele imithombo yamandla evamile.

Ngenxa yokuthi indawo ishintsha ngokushesha, ama-rotor anesisindo samathani amaningi ahamba kancane ukunciphisa noma ukwandisa umkhiqizo ngenxa ye-inertia enkulu (umqondo wezinga le-ramp), engakwazi ukuhambisana nezinguquko zamandla omoya namandla e-photovoltaic, ngezinye izikhathi kufanele iyekwe. Umoya nokukhanya okulahliwe.

Kungabonakala kulokhu

Isizathu sokuthi kungani imvamisa ayikwazi ukwehla kakhulu: i-transformer ingaba esebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi injini ingaba encane ngosayizi futhi ibe namandla amakhulu.

Isizathu sokuthi kungani imvamisa akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu: ukulahlekelwa kwemigqa nemishini kungaba kuncane, futhi isivinini se-generator akudingeki sibe phezulu kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ngokokuhlangenwe nakho nomkhuba, amandla ethu kagesi asethwe ku-50 noma 60 Hz.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-06-2022