Ukulahlekelwa kwezigaba ezintathu zamamotho e-AC kungahlukaniswa kube ukulahlekelwa kwethusi, ukulahlekelwa kwe-aluminium, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi, ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile, nokulahlekelwa komoya. Ezokuqala ezine ukulahlekelwa kokushisisa, futhi isamba sakhona sibizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kokushisisa.Ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwethusi, ukulahleka kwe-aluminium, ukulahleka kwensimbi nokulahlekelwa okungahambi kahle ekulahlekeni kokushisa okuphelele kuyachazwa lapho amandla ashintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu.Ngesibonelo, nakuba ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwethusi nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kukho konke ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ishintshashintsha, ngokuvamile iyehla ukusuka kokukhulu kuye kokuncane, okubonisa ukwehla.Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukulahleka kwe-iron kanye nokulahlekelwa okungahambi kahle, nakuba kukhona ukuguquguquka, ngokuvamile kukhuphuka kusukela kokuncane kuye kokukhulu, okubonisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo.Uma amandla amakhulu ngokwanele, ukuchithwa kwe-iron kudlula ukuchithwa kwethusi.Ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kudlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi futhi kuba isici sokuqala sokulahlekelwa ukushisa.Ukuhlaziya kabusha injini ye-Y2 nokubona ukuguqulwa kwenani lokulahlekelwa okuhlukahlukene kuya ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kuveza imithetho efanayo.Ngokuqaphela imithetho engenhla, kuphetha ngokuthi ama-motor amandla ahlukene anokugcizelela okuhlukile ekunciphiseni ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa nokulahlekelwa ukushisa.Kumamotho amancane, ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kufanele kuncishiswe kuqala; kumamotho aphakathi nendawo naphezulu, ukulahleka kwensimbi kufanele kugxile ekwehliseni ukulahleka okulahlekile.Umbono wokuthi "ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kuncane kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi" kuhlangothi olulodwa.Kugcizelelwa ngokukhethekile ukuthi lapho amandla emoto ekhudlwana, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile.Izinjini ezinomthamo omaphakathi nezinkulu zisebenzisa i-sinusoidal windings ukunciphisa amandla kazibuthe e-harmonic kanye nokulahlekelwa okungahambi kahle, futhi umphumela uvame ukuba muhle kakhulu.Izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile ngokuvamile azidingi ukwandisa izinto ezisebenzayo.
Isingeniso
Ukulahleka kwe-AC motor yezigaba ezintathu kungahlukaniswa nge-PCu yokulahleka kwethusi, ukulahleka kwe-aluminium PAl, ukulahleka kwensimbi PFe, ukulahleka kwe-Ps, ukugqokwa komoya Pfw, ezine zokuqala ukulahleka kokushisisa, isamba sakhona esibizwa ngokuthi ukulahleka kokushisisa okuphelele kwe-PQ, okuyimbangela yakho konke ukulahlekelwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwethusi i-PCu, ukulahlekelwa kwe-aluminium i-PAl, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi PFe, nokugqoka umoya Pfw, okuhlanganisa amandla kazibuthe e-harmonic, insimu yamagnetic yokuvuza, kanye ne-lateral current ye-chute.
Ngenxa yobunzima ekubaleni ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kokuhlolwa, amazwe amaningi abeka ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo kubalwa njengo-0.5% wamandla okufaka enjini, okwenza kube lula ukungqubuzana.Kodwa-ke, leli nani linzima kakhulu, futhi imiklamo ehlukene nezinqubo ezahlukene zivame ukuhluka kakhulu, okubuye kufihle ukuphikisana futhi akukwazi ukukhombisa ngempela izimo zokusebenza zangempela zemoto.Muva nje, ukuchithwa kwe-stray okulinganiselwe sekuye kwathandwa kakhulu.Esikhathini sokuhlanganiswa komnotho womhlaba, kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukuba nendlela ethile ebheke phambili edidiyelwe ngayo namazinga omhlaba.
Kuleli phepha, kufundwa injini ye-AC yezigaba ezintathu. Lapho amandla eshintsha kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu, ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwethusi i-PCu, ukulahlekelwa kwe-aluminium i-PAl, ukulahlekelwa kwe-iron PFe, nokulahlekelwa okulahlekile kwe-Ps ekulahlekelweni kokushisa okuphelele kwezinguquko ze-PQ, kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa nazo zitholwa. Dizayina futhi ukhiqize okunengqondo futhi okungcono.
1. Ukuhlaziywa kokulahlekelwa kwemoto
1.1 Okokuqala bheka isenzakalo.Imboni ithumela ngaphandle imikhiqizo engu-E yamamotho kagesi, futhi izimo zobuchwepheshe zisho ukulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe.Ukuze kube lula ukuqhathanisa, ake siqale sibheke ama-motor angu-2-pole, amandla asukela ku-0.75kW kuya ku-315kW.Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwethusi kwe-PCu, ukulahlekelwa kwe-aluminium PAl, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi i-PFe, nokulahlekelwa okulahlekile kwe-Ps ekulahlekelweni kokushisa okuphelele kwe-PQ kubalwa, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.Ukudidiyelwa kwesibalo isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kokushisisa okuhlukahlukene kuya ekulahlekeni kokushisisa okuphelele (%), i-abscissa amandla emoto (kW), umugqa ophukile namadayimane uyingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwethusi, umugqa ophukile onezikwele ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium, kanye nomugqa ophukile kanxantathu isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwensimbi, futhi umugqa ophukile onesiphambano isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulahlekile.
Umfanekiso 1. Ishadi lomugqa eliphukile lengxenye yokusetshenziswa kwethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi, ukulahleka okungahambi kahle kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphelele kokushisisa kochungechunge lwe-E 2-pole motors
(1) Uma amandla enjini eshintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, ingxenye yethusi esetshenziswayo, nakuba ishintshashintsha, ngokuvamile iyehla isuka kokukhulu iye kwencane, ibonise ukwehla. I-0.75kW kanye ne-1.1kW yenza cishe u-50%, kuyilapho u-250kW kanye no-315kW ingaphansi Ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium engu-20% nayo ishintshile kusukela kokukhulu kuya kokuncane ngokujwayelekile, okubonisa ukwehla, kodwa uguquko alukhulu.
(2) Ukusuka emandleni amancane kuya kwamakhulu enjini, ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwensimbi iyashintsha, nakuba kukhona ukuguquguquka, ngokuvamile ikhuphuka isuka kwencane iye enkulu, ibonise ukuthambekela okuya phezulu.0.75kW~2.2kW icishe ibe ngu-15%, kanti uma ingaphezu kuka-90kW, idlula u-30%, okungaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwethusi.
(3) Ushintsho olulinganayo lokuhlakazeka okunhlanhlathayo, nakuba kushintshashintsha, ngokuvamile kukhuphuka ukusuka kokuncane kuye kokukhulu, okubonisa ukuthambekela okuya phezulu.0.75kW ~ 1.5kW cishe 10%, kanti 110kW isondele ekusebenziseni ithusi. Ngokucaciswa okukhulu kuno-132kW, ukulahlekelwa okuningi okulahlekile kudlula ukusetshenziswa kwethusi.Ukulahleka okungama-250kW kanye no-315kW kudlula ukulahleka kwethusi nensimbi, futhi kube yisici sokuqala ekulahlekeni kokushisa.
I-4-pole motor (umdwebo womugqa awufakiwe).Ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi ngaphezu kuka-110kW kukhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwethusi, kanti ukulahlekelwa okungama-250kW no-315kW kudlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi, kube yisici sokuqala ekulahlekeni kokushisa.Isamba sokusetshenziswa kwethusi nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium yalolu chungechunge lwama-pole motors angu-2-6, imoto encane ilandisa cishe ngo-65% kuya ku-84% wokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele, kuyilapho injini enkulu yehla ibe ngu-35% kuya ku-50%, kuyilapho insimbi. ukusetshenziswa kuphambene, i-akhawunti yemoto encane cishe i-65% kuya ku-84% yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele. Ukushisa okuphelele kokulahlekelwa ngu-10% kuya ku-25%, kuyilapho injini enkulu inyuka cishe ku-26% kuya ku-38%.Ukulahleka okulahlekile, amamotho amancane athatha cishe u-6% kuya ku-15%, kuyilapho amamotho amakhulu enyuka aze afike ku-21% kuya ku-35%.Uma amandla emakhulu ngokwanele, ukulahleka kwensimbi kudlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi.Ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kudlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi, kube yisici sokuqala ekulahlekelweni kokushisa.
1.2 R uchungechunge 2-pole motor, kukalwe ukulahleka okulahlekile
Ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwethusi, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi, ukulahlekelwa kwe-stray, njll kuya ku-PQ yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele kuyatholakala.Umfanekiso wesi-2 ubonisa ukuguqulwa okulinganayo kwamandla emoto ukuze alahlekele ithusi.I-ordination emfanekisweni isilinganiso (%) sokulahlekelwa kwethusi elilahlekile ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kokushisisa, i-abscissa amandla emoto (kW), umugqa ophukile namadayimane isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwethusi, futhi umugqa ophukile onezikwele isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulahlekile .Umfanekiso wesi-2 ubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ngokujwayelekile, amandla amakhulu emoto, sikhulu isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulahlekile ekulahlekelweni kokushisa okuphelele, okukhuphukayo.Umfanekiso wesi-2 uphinda ubonise ukuthi osayizi abakhulu kuno-150kW, ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kudlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi.Kukhona osayizi abaningana bamamotho, futhi ukulahleka okulahlekile kuyizikhathi eziyi-1.5 kuye kwezingu-1.7 zokulahleka kwethusi.
Amandla alolu chungechunge lwama-2-pole motors asuka ku-22kW aye ku-450kW. Isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe ku-PQ sikhuphuke sisuka ngaphansi kuka-20% saya cishe ku-40%, futhi ububanzi boshintsho bukhulu kakhulu.Uma ivezwa ngesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe kumandla okukhiphayo okulinganiselwe, cishe (1.1~1.3)%; uma ivezwa ngesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe kumandla okufakwayo, cishe (1.0~1.2)%, okubili kokugcina Isilinganiso senkulumo asishintshi kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukubona ukuguqulwa okulinganiselwe kokuduka. ukulahlekelwa kwe-PQ.Ngakho-ke, ukubheka ukulahlekelwa kokushisisa, ikakhulukazi isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo ku-PQ, kungawuqonda kangcono umthetho oshintshayo wokulahlekelwa kokushisisa.
Ukulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe kuzimo ezimbili ezingenhla kusebenzisa indlela ye-IEEE 112B e-United States
Umfanekiso 2. Ishadi lomugqa lesilinganiso sokulahleka kwethusi ekulahlekeni kokushisisa okuphelele kochungechunge lwe-R motor 2-pole
1.3 Y2 uchungechunge lwamamotho
Izimo zobuchwepheshe zicacisa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo kungu-0.5% wamandla okokufaka, kuyilapho i-GB/T1032-2005 ibeka inani elinconyiwe lokulahlekelwa okulahlekile. Manje thatha indlela 1, futhi ifomula ithi Ps=(0.025-0.005×lg(PN))×P1 ifomula PN- ilinganiselwe amandla; I-P1- ingamandla okufaka.
Sicabanga ukuthi inani elilinganisiwe lokulahlekelwa okulahlekile lilingana nenani elinconyiwe, bese sibala kabusha ukubala kazibuthe kagesi, bese sibala isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okune kokushisisa kokusetshenziswa kwethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-ayoni kuya ekulahlekelweni kokushisisa okuphelele kwe-PQ. .Ukuguqulwa kwengxenye yayo nakho kuhambisana nemithetho engenhla.
Okungukuthi: uma amandla ashintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwethusi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium ngokuvamile yehla ukusuka kokukhulu kuya kokuncane, okubonisa ukwehla.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye yokulahleka kwe-iron kanye nokulahleka kokuduka ngokuvamile iyanda ukusuka kokuncane kuye kokukhulu, okubonisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-2-pole, 4-pole, noma i-6-pole, uma amandla amakhulu kunamandla athile, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kuzodlula ukulahlekelwa kwethusi; ingxenye yokulahlekelwa okulahlekile nayo izokhula isuka kokuncane iye enkulu, kancane kancane isondele ekulahlekeni kwethusi, noma idlule ngisho nokulahlekelwa kwethusi.Ukuhlakazeka okulahlekile okungaphezu kuka-110kW ezigxotsheni ezi-2 kuba yisici sokuqala ekulahlekeni kokushisa.
Umfanekiso 3 uyigrafu yomugqa ephukile yesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kokushisisa okune ku-PQ yochungechunge lwe-Y2 lwamamotho angama-4-pole (kucatshangwa ukuthi inani elilinganiselwe lokulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo lilingana nenani elinconyiwe elingenhla, futhi okunye ukulahlekelwa kubalwa ngokwevelu) .Okudidiyelwe yisilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okuhlukahlukene kokushisisa kuya ku-PQ (%), kanti i-abscissa amandla emoto (kW).Ngokusobala, ukulahleka kwe-iron stray ngaphezu kuka-90kW kukhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwethusi.
Umfanekiso 3. Ishadi lomugqa eliphukile lesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kanye nokulahlwa okungahambi kahle ekulahlekeni kokushisisa okuphelele kochungechunge lwe-Y2 4-pole motors.
1.4 Imibhalo ihlola isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okuhlukahlukene kuya ekulahlekeni okuphelele (okuhlanganisa ukushayisana komoya)
Kutholwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwethusi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kubalwe ku-60% kuya ku-70% yokulahlekelwa okuphelele kumamotho amancane, futhi kwehla ku-30% kuya ku-40% lapho umthamo ukhuphuka, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kwakuphambene. %ngaphezulu.Ngokulahleka okulahlekile, amamotho amancane athatha cishe u-5% kuya ku-10% wengqikithi yokulahlekelwa, kuyilapho amamotho amakhulu enza ngaphezu kuka-15%.Imithetho eveziwe iyafana: okungukuthi, lapho amandla eshintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, ingxenye yokulahleka kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwe-aluminium ngokuvamile iyehla isuka kokukhulu iye kwencane, ibonise ukwehla, kuyilapho ingxenye yokulahlekelwa kwensimbi nokulahlekelwa kokuduka ngokuvamile ikhuphuka isuka. encane ukuya enkulu, ekhombisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo. .
1.5 Ifomula yokubala yenani elinconyiwe lokulahlekelwa okulahlekile ngokuya Nge-GB/T1032-2005 Indlela 1
Inombolo yinani elilinganisiwe lokulahlekelwa okulahlekile.Ukusuka emandleni amancane kuye kwamakhulu enjini, ingxenye yokulahleka kwamandla okufaka iyashintsha, futhi iyancipha kancane kancane, futhi ububanzi bokushintsha abuncane, cishe ngo-2.5% kuya ku-1.1%.Uma idinomineyitha ishintshelwa ekulahlekelweni okuphelele okungu-∑P, okungukuthi, Ps/∑P=Ps/P1/(1-η), uma ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kungu-0.667~0.967, ukuphindaphinda kokuthi (1-η) kungu-3~ 30, okungukuthi, ukungcola okulinganiselwe Uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso samandla okufakwayo, isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kokulahla kuya ekulahlekelweni okuphelele sikhuliswa izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-30. Lapho amandla ephakama, umugqa ophukile ukhuphuka ngokushesha.Ngokusobala, uma isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulahlekile kuya ekulahlekeni kokushisa okuphelele sithathwa, "isici sokukhulisa" sikhulu.Ochungechungeni lwenjini engu-R engu-2-pole 450kW kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, isilinganiso sokulahleka kwamandla okufaka i-Ps/P1 sincane kancane kunevelu ebaliwe enconywe ngenhla, kanye nesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulahlekile ekulahlekeni okuphelele ∑P kanye nokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele. I-PQ ingu-32.8%, ngokulandelana. 39.5%, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso samandla okufaka we-P1, "akhulisiwe" cishe izikhathi ezingu-28 nezingu-34 ngokulandelanayo.
Indlela yokubuka nokuhlaziya kuleli phepha ukuthatha isilinganiso sezinhlobo ezi-4 zokulahlekelwa ukushisa siye ku-PQ yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele. Inani lesilinganiso likhulu, futhi isilinganiso kanye nomthetho woshintsho wokulahlekelwa okuhlukahlukene kungabonakala ngokucacile, okungukuthi, amandla avela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwethusi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sishintshile kusukela kokukhulu kuya kokuncane, kubonisa ukwehla. ukuthambekela, kuyilapho ingxenye yokulahleka kwe-iron kanye nokulahleka kokuduka ngokuvamile ishintshile ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, okubonisa ukukhuphuka.Ikakhulukazi, kwaphawulwa ukuthi lapho amandla emoto ekhudlwana, ayanda isilinganiso sokulahleka kwe-PQ, kancane kancane asondela ekulahlekeni kwethusi, adlule ukulahlekelwa kwethusi, futhi abe yisici sokuqala ekulahlekeni kokushisa, ukuze sikwazi ukuqonda kahle. umthetho futhi unake ukunciphisa injini enkulu. ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile.Uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo kumandla okufakwayo, isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe nokulahlekelwa okuphelele kokushisa sivezwa kuphela ngenye indlela, futhi asishintshi isimo sako somzimba.
2. Izinyathelo
Ukwazi lo mthetho ongenhla kuyasiza ekwakhiweni okunengqondo nasekukhiqizeni injini.Amandla emoto ahlukile, futhi izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinga lokushisa nokulahlekelwa ukushisa zihlukile, futhi ukugxila kuhlukile.
2.1 Kumamotho anamandla aphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwethusi kubala ingxenye ephezulu yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele
Ngakho-ke, ukwehlisa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kuqala kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwethusi, njengokwandisa ingxenye enqamulayo yocingo, ukunciphisa inani lamakhondatha endaweni ngayinye, ukukhulisa umumo we-stator slot, nokwandisa umgogodla wensimbi.Embonini, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuvame ukulawulwa ngokulawula umthwalo wokushisa we-AJ, olungile ngokuphelele kumamotho amancane.Ukulawula i-AJ empeleni kulawula ukulahleka kwethusi. Akunzima ukuthola i-stator yethusi yokulahlekelwa kwayo yonke imoto ngokusho kwe-AJ, ububanzi bangaphakathi be-stator, ubude besigamu sokuphenduka kwekhoyili, kanye nokumelana nocingo lwethusi.
2.2 Uma amandla eshintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kancane kancane kusondela ekulahlekelweni kwethusi
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ayoni ngokuvamile kudlula ukusetshenziswa kwethusi uma kungaphezu kuka-100kW.Ngakho-ke, ama-motors amakhulu kufanele anake ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi.Ngezinyathelo ezithile, amashidi ensimbi e-silicon alahlekelwa kancane angasetshenziswa, ukuminyana kazibuthe we-stator akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe ekusabalaliseni okunengqondo kokuminyana kazibuthe kwengxenye ngayinye.
Amanye amafekthri aklama kabusha amanye amamotho anamandla amakhulu futhi anciphise ngokufanelekile umumo we-stator slot.Ukusatshalaliswa kokuqina kazibuthe kunengqondo, futhi isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi silungiswa kahle.Nakuba ukuminyana kwamanje kwe-stator kukhula, umthwalo oshisayo uyanda, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kuyanda, ukuminyana kazibuthe kwe-stator kuncipha, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kuncipha ngaphezu kokwanda kokulahlekelwa kwethusi.Ukusebenza kufana nomklamo wangempela, hhayi nje ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa okuncishisiwe, kodwa futhi inani lethusi elisetshenziswe ku-stator ligcinwa.
2.3 Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo
Lesi sihloko sigcizelela ukuthiamandla amakhulu emoto, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa okungalawuleki.Umbono wokuthi "ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kuncane kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwethusi" kusebenza kuphela kumamotho amancane.Ngokusobala, ngokusho kokubona nokuhlaziya okungenhla, amandla aphezulu, afaneleka kancane.Umbono wokuthi "ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kuncane kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwensimbi" nawo awufanelekile.
Isilinganiso senani elilinganisiwe lokulahlekelwa okulahlekile kumandla okufakwayo siphezulu kumamotho amancane, futhi isilinganiso siphansi uma amandla emakhulu, kodwa akunakuphethwa ngokuthi ama-motor amancane kufanele anake ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile, kuyilapho ama-motor amakhulu enza. akudingekile ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile. ukulahlekelwa.Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokwesibonelo esingenhla kanye nokuhlaziya, amandla emoto emakhulu, ayanda isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo ekulahlekeni kokushisa okuphelele, ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi kusondele noma kudlule ngisho nokulahlekelwa kwethusi, ngakho-ke kukhulu. amandla emoto, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu kuwo. Yehlisa ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo.
2.4 Izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo
Izindlela zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okunhlanhlathayo, njengokwandisa igebe lomoya, njengoba ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kucishe kulingane nesikwele segebe lomoya; ukunciphisa amandla kazibuthe e-harmonic, njengokusebenzisa i-sinusoidal (low harmonic) windings; ukulingana kahle kwe-slot; ukunciphisa ukugoqa , I-rotor ithatha i-slot evaliwe, futhi i-slot evulekile ye-high-voltage motor ithatha wedge magnetic slot; Ukwelashwa kwe-cast aluminium rotor shelling kunciphisa i-lateral current, njalonjalo.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinyathelo ezingenhla ngokuvamile azidingi ukungezwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo.Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene nakho kuhlobene nesimo sokushisa semoto, njengokuhlakazeka okuhle kokushisa kokujikajika, izinga lokushisa eliphansi langaphakathi lemoto, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwengxubevange.
Isibonelo: Imboni ilungisa injini enezigxobo ezingu-6 kanye no-250kW.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokulungisa, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kufinyelele ku-125K ngaphansi kuka-75% womthwalo olinganiselwe.Igebe lomoya libe selifakwa ngomshini ukuze liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.3 kunosayizi wangempela.Esivivinyweni ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwehle ngempela ku-81K, okubonisa ngokugcwele ukuthi igebe lomoya liye landa futhi ukuhlakazeka okulahlekile kwehliswe kakhulu.Amandla kazibuthe e-Harmonic iyisici esibalulekile sokulahleka okulahlekile. Izinjini ezinomthamo omaphakathi nezinkulu zisebenzisa i-sinusoidal windings ukunciphisa amandla kazibuthe e-harmonic, futhi umphumela uvame ukuba muhle kakhulu.Ama- windings e-sinusoidal aklanywe kahle asetshenziselwa ama-motor aphakathi nendawo naphezulu. Lapho i-harmonic amplitude ne-amplitude iyancipha ngo-45% kuya ku-55% uma kuqhathaniswa nomklamo wangempela, ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kungancishiswa ngo-32% kuya ku-55%, ngaphandle kwalokho ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuzoncishiswa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kuzokwenyuka. , umsindo uyancipha, futhi ungonga ithusi nensimbi.
3. Isiphetho
3.1 Injini ye-AC enezigaba ezintathu
Uma amandla ashintsha ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwethusi nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kuya ekulahlekeni kokushisa okuphelele ngokuvamile iyenyuka isuka kokukhulu iye kokuncane, kuyilapho ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwe-iron ukulahleka kokuduka ngokuvamile ikhuphuka ukusuka kokuncane kuye kokukhulu.Kumamotho amancane, ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kubala ingxenye ephezulu kakhulu yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphelele. Njengoba umthamo wemoto ukhula, ukulahleka okulahlekile kanye nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi kuyasondela futhi kudlule ukulahlekelwa kwethusi.
3.2 Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa
Amandla emoto ahlukile, futhi ukugxila kwezinyathelo ezithathiwe nakho kuhlukile.Kumamotho amancane, ukusetshenziswa kwethusi kufanele kuncishiswe kuqala.Kumamotho aphakathi nendawo naphezulu, ukunakwa okwengeziwe kufanele kukhokhwe ekwehliseni ukulahleka kwe-iron kanye nokulahleka kokuduka.Umbono wokuthi "ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile kuncane kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi" kuhlangothi olulodwa.
3.3 Ingxenye yokulahlekelwa okulahlekile ekulahlekeni kokushisa okuphelele kwamamotho amakhulu iphezulu
Leli phepha ligcizelela ukuthi lapho amandla emoto ekhudlwana, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa okulahlekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-16-2022