I-switched reluctance motor drive system (srd) iqukethe izingxenye ezine: switched reluctance motor (srm noma sr motor), isiguquli samandla, isilawuli kanye nomtshina. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kohlobo olusha lwesistimu yokulawula isivinini ethuthukisiwe. I-switched reluctance motor iyinjini ephindwe kabili ebabazekayo, esebenzisa isimiso sokungabaza okuncane ukukhiqiza i-torque yokungabaza. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula kakhulu nesiqinile, ububanzi bokulawula isivinini, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kokulawula isivinini, kanye nesivinini esikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa kulo lonke uhla lokulawula isivinini. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokuthembeka kwesistimu ephezulu kuyenza ibe imbangi eqinile yesistimu yokulawula isivinini semoto ye-AC, isistimu yokulawula isivinini semoto ye-DC kanye nesistimu yokulawula isivinini semoto ye-brushless DC. Ama-motors ashintshashintshayo ashintshashintshayo aye asetshenziswa kabanzi noma aqala ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nokushayela imoto kagesi, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, imboni evamile, imboni yezindiza kanye nezinhlelo ze-servo, ezihlanganisa izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokushayela ngesivinini esiphansi kanye nobubanzi bamandla we-10w kuya ku-5mw, okubonisa. amandla amakhulu emakethe.
2.1 Injini inesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, futhi ifanele isivinini esikhulu
Isakhiwo se-squirrel-cage induction motor eshintshwayo ilula kakhulu kune-squirrel-cage evame ukubhekwa njengelula kakhulu. Ikhoyili ye-stator iwukugoqa okugxilile, okulula ukushumeka, ukuphela kufushane futhi kuqinile, futhi ukusebenza kunokwethenjelwa. Imvelo yokudlidliza; i-rotor yenziwe kuphela ngamashidi ensimbi ye-silicon, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga ezifana nokusakazwa kwekheji ye-squirrel embi kanye nemigoqo ephukile esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ama-motor induction induction motors. I-rotor inamandla amakhulu kakhulu emishini futhi ingasebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu. kuze kufike ku-100,000 ama-revolution ngomzuzu.
2.2 Isekhethi yamandla elula nethembekile
Ukuqondiswa kwe-torque ye-motor akuhlangene nesiqondiso se-current winding, okungukuthi, kuphela i-curing yamanje edingekayo ohlangothini olulodwa, ama-windings wesigaba axhunywe phakathi kwamashubhu amabili wamandla wesekethe enkulu, futhi kuzoba khona. alikho iphutha lengalo yebhuloho eliqonde phakathi kwesiyingi esifushane. , Uhlelo lunokubekezelela amaphutha okuqinile nokuthembeka okuphezulu, futhi lungasetshenziswa ezikhathini ezikhethekile ezifana ne-aerospace.
2.3 I-torque yokuqala ephezulu, yamanje eqalayo ephansi
Imikhiqizo yezinkampani eziningi ingafinyelela ukusebenza okulandelayo: lapho isiqalo samanje singu-15% wamanje olinganiselwe, i-torque yokuqala i-100% ye-torque elinganiselwe; lapho isiqalo samanje singama-30% yenani elilinganiselwe, i-torque yokuqala ingafinyelela ku-150% yenani elilinganiselwe. %. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezici zokuqala zezinye izinhlelo zokulawula isivinini, njenge-DC motor ene-100% eqala yamanje, thola i-torque engu-100%; i-squirrel cage induction motor eno-300% eqala yamanje, thola i-torque engu-100%. Kungabonakala ukuthi i-switched reluctance motor inokusebenza kokuqala okuthambile, umthelela wamanje mncane ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqala, futhi ukushisisa kwe-motor kanye nesilawuli kuncane kunokusebenza okulinganiselwe okuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke kulungele ngokukhethekile ukuqala kokumisa nokubuyela emuva kokushintsha imisebenzi kaningi, njengamapulani e-gantry, Imishini Yokugaya, izigayo ezihlehliswayo embonini ye-metallurgical, amasaha endizayo, izikele endizayo, njll.
2.4 Ibanga elibanzi lokulawula isivinini nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu
Ukusebenza kahle kuphezulu njengokungu-92% ngesivinini esilinganiselwe nomthwalo olinganiselwe, futhi ukusebenza kahle kukonke kugcinwa kuphezulu njengo-80% kuzo zonke izigaba zesivinini.
2.5 Kunamapharamitha amaningi alawulekayo kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokulawula isivinini
Kukhona okungenani amapharamitha amane okusebenza ayinhloko kanye nezindlela ezivamile zokulawula ama-switched reluctance motors: isigaba sokuvula i-angle, i-angle yokuphumula efanelekile, i-amplitude yamanje yesigaba kanye ne-voltage ejikayo yesigaba. Kunamapharamitha amaningi alawulekayo, okusho ukuthi ukulawula kuyavumelana nezimo futhi kulula. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulawula kanye namanani wepharamitha angasetshenziswa ngokuya ngezidingo zokusebenza zemoto kanye nezimo zemoto ukuyenza isebenze ngendlela engcono kakhulu, futhi ingafinyelela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene kanye namajika esici Esithile, njengokwenza Injini inamandla afanayo ncamashi nokusebenza kwamaquadrant amane (ukuya phambili, ukuhlehla, ukuhamba ngezimoto nokubhuleka), enetorque yokuqala ephezulu kanye namajika omthamo wamamotho ochungechunge.
2.6 Ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile ezihlukahlukene ngomklamo ohlangene futhi ohlelekile womshini nogesi
Isakhiwo esiphezulu nokusebenza kwe-switched reluctance motor kwenza inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza ibe yinde kakhulu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintathu ezilandelayo ezijwayelekile ziyahlaziywa.
3.1 I-Gantry planer
I-gantry planer ingumshini oyinhloko osebenzayo embonini yemishini. Indlela yokusebenza ye-Planer ukuthi i-worktable ishayela i-workpiece ukuze ibuyisele. Uma iya phambili, iplanethi egxilile ohlakeni ihlela ucezu lokusebenza, futhi lapho ihlehla, iplanethi iphakamisa ucezu lokusebenza. Kusukela lapho, ibhentshi lomsebenzi libuya nomugqa ongenalutho. Umsebenzi wesistimu yokushayela eyinhloko ye-planer ukushayela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwetafula lokusebenza. Ngokusobala, ukusebenza kwayo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi yokucubungula nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza komhleli. Ngakho-ke, isistimu yokushayela iyadingeka ukuba ibe nezakhiwo eziyinhloko ezilandelayo.
3.1.1 Izici Ezisemqoka
(1) Ilungele ukuqala njalo, ukubhuleka nokuya phambili nokuhlehlayo, izikhathi ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-10 ngomzuzu, futhi inqubo yokuqala nokubhuleka ishelela futhi iyashesha.
(2) Izinga lomehluko omile liyadingeka ukuze libe phezulu. Ukwehla kwesivinini okuguquguqukayo ukusuka ekungalayishweni kuye kokulayisha ummese okungazelelwe akukho ngaphezu kuka-3%, futhi amandla okulayisha ngokweqile esikhathi esifushane anamandla.
(3) Ibanga lokulawula isivinini libanzi, elifanele izidingo ze-low-speed, i-medium-speed planing kanye nokuhlehla kwesivinini esikhulu.
(4) Ukuzinza komsebenzi kuhle, futhi indawo yokubuya yohambo lokuya nokubuya inembile.
Njengamanje, uhlelo oluyinhloko lokushayela lwe-gantry planer yasekhaya ikakhulukazi lunohlobo lweyunithi ye-DC kanye nohlobo lwe-asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch. Inani elikhulu lamapulani ikakhulukazi aqhutshwa amayunithi e-DC asesimweni sokuguga kakhulu, injini igugile kakhulu, izinhlansi ezisemabhulashini zinkulu ngesivinini esikhulu nomthwalo osindayo, ukwehluleka kuvame, futhi umthwalo wokulungisa mkhulu, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa okuvamile. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo nakanjani lunezinkinga zemishini emikhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nomsindo omkhulu. I-asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch system incike ku-clutch kagesi ukuze ibone izinkomba eziya phambili nangemuva, ukugqokwa kwe-clutch kubucayi, ukuzinza kokusebenza akukuhle, futhi akulula ukulungisa isivinini, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa amapulani okukhanya kuphela. .
3.1.2 Izinkinga nge-Induction Motors
Uma kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwe-induction motor variable frequency regulation drive system, izinkinga ezilandelayo zikhona:
(1) Izici zokukhiphayo zithambile, ukuze i-gantry planer ayikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo owanele ngesivinini esiphansi.
(2) Umehluko omile mkhulu, ikhwalithi yokucubungula iphansi, isiqeshana sokusebenza esicutshunguliwe sinamaphethini, futhi siyama lapho ummese udliwa.
(3) Itorque yokuqala kanye nebhuleki incane, ukuqalisa kanye nokubhuleka kuhamba kancane, kanti indawo yokupaka i-offside inkulu kakhulu.
(4) Imoto iyashisa.
Izici ze-switched reluctance motor zifaneleka kakhulu ukuqalisa njalo, ukubhuleka kanye nokusebenza kokuhamba. Ukuqala kwamanje ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthutha kuncane, futhi ama-torque okuqala nawokubhuleka ayalungiseka, ngaleyo ndlela aqinisekise ukuthi isivinini sihambisana nezidingo zenqubo kumabanga ahlukahlukene wesivinini. ihlangana ne. I-switched reluctance motor nayo inesici samandla aphezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ijubane eliphezulu noma eliphansi, alikho umthwalo noma ligcwele, isici sayo samandla siseduze no-1, okungcono kunezinye izinhlelo zokudlulisela ezisetshenziswa njengamanje kuma-gantry planers.
3.2 Umshini wokuwasha
Ngokuthuthuka komnotho kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lempilo yabantu, isidingo semishini yokuwasha evumelana nemvelo nehlakaniphile siyakhula. Njengamandla amakhulu omshini wokuwasha, ukusebenza kwemoto kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngokuqhubekayo. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini yokuwasha edumile emakethe yasekhaya: imishini yokugeza izigubhu kanye ne-pulsator. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lomshini wokuwasha, isimiso esiyisisekelo siwukuthi injini ishayela i-pulsator noma isigubhu ukuze ijikeleze, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize ukugeleza kwamanzi, bese kuthi ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye namandla akhiqizwe i-pulsator nesigubhu kusetshenziswe ukugeza izingubo. . Ukusebenza kwemoto kunquma ukusebenza komshini wokuwasha ngezinga elikhulu. Isimo, okungukuthi, sinquma ikhwalithi yokugeza nokomisa, kanye nobukhulu bomsindo nokudlidliza.
Njengamanje, izinjini ezisetshenziswa emshinini wokuwasha ama-pulsator ikakhulukazi ama-motor induction isigaba esisodwa, futhi ambalwa asebenzisa ama-motor okuguqula imvamisa kanye nama-brushless DC motors. Umshini wokuwasha izigubhu usekelwe ikakhulukazi ochungechungeni lwemoto, ngaphezu kwe-motor frequency variable, brushless DC motor, switched reluctance motor.
Ububi bokusebenzisa i-single-phase induction motor busobala kakhulu, kanjena:
(1) ayikwazi ukulungisa isivinini
Kukhona isivinini esisodwa kuphela sokujikeleza ngesikhathi sokugeza, futhi kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zezindwangu ezihlukahlukene ngesivinini sokujikeleza kokugeza. Okubizwa ngokuthi "ukugeza okunamandla", "ukugeza okubuthakathaka", "ukugeza okuthambile" nezinye izinqubo zokugeza zishintsha kuphela Ngukushintsha kuphela isikhathi sokujikeleza phambili nokuhlehla, futhi ukuze unakekele izidingo zejubane lokujikeleza. ngesikhathi sokugeza, isivinini sokujikeleza ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokuvamile siphansi, ngokuvamile singu-400 rpm kuya ku-600 rpm.
(2) Ukusebenza kahle kuphansi kakhulu
Ukusebenza kahle ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-30%, kanti isiqalo samanje sikhulu kakhulu, esingafinyelela izikhathi ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-8 kunomanje olinganiselwe. Kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuwasha eziya phambili nokuhlehla njalo.
I-series motor iyinjini yochungechunge lwe-DC, enezinzuzo ze-torque enkulu yokuqala, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukulawulwa kwejubane okulula, nokusebenza okuhle okuguquguqukayo. Kodwa-ke, okubi kwe-motor yochungechunge ukuthi isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi, i-rotor yamanje idinga ukushintshwa ngomshini ngokusebenzisa i-commutator kanye nebhulashi, futhi ukungqubuzana kokuslayida phakathi kwe-commutator nebhulashi kujwayele ukuguga, umsindo, izinhlansi kanye. ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuthembeka kwemoto futhi kufinyeze impilo yayo.
Izici ze-switched reluctance motor zenza kube nokwenzeka ukufeza imiphumela emihle uma isetshenziswa emishinini yokuwasha. Isistimu yokulawula isivinini se-switch reluctance motor inebanga elibanzi lokulawula isivinini, elingenza "ukugeza" futhi
Ama-spins “ wonke asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu sokugeza okujwayelekile okujwayelekile, ukuwasha okucacile, ukuwasha okuthambile, ukuwasha ama-velvet, ngisho nokugeza isivinini esishintshashintshayo. Ungaphinda ukhethe isivinini sokujikeleza ngokuthanda kwakho ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ungakwazi futhi ukwandisa isivinini ngokusho kwezinhlelo ezithile ezimisiwe, ukuze izingubo zigweme ukudlidliza nomsindo obangelwa ukusabalalisa okungalingani phakathi nenqubo yokuphotha. Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuqala kwenjini eshintshayo enqena kungaqeda umthelela wokuya phambili njalo kwemoto kanye nokuhlehlisa ukuqala kwamandla kugridi yamandla phakathi nenqubo yokuwasha, kwenze ukuwasha nokuhamba kushelele futhi kungabi namsindo. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwesistimu yokulawula isivinini se-switched reluctance motor kulo lonke uhla lokulawula isivinini kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla omshini wokuwasha.
Imoto ye-brushless DC iyimbangi eqinile emotweni eshintshashintshayo yokunqikaza, kodwa izinzuzo zemoto yokunqikaza eshintshiwe yizindleko eziphansi, ukuqina, akukho demagnetization kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuqala.
3.3 Izimoto zikagesi
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ngenxa yokwanda kokunaka kwabantu ezindabeni zezemvelo namandla, izimoto zikagesi seziphenduke indlela ekahle yokuthutha ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo zokungakhiphi komoya ongcolile, umsindo ophansi, imithombo yamandla ebanzi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. Izimoto zikagesi zinezidingo ezilandelayo zohlelo lokushayela izimoto: ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kuyo yonke indawo yokusebenza, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokuminyana kwe-torque, isivinini esibanzi sokusebenza, futhi isistimu ayingeni emanzini, imelana nokushaqeka futhi imelana nomthelela. Njengamanje, izinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokushayela izimoto ezimotweni zikagesi zifaka ama-induction motors, ama-brushless DC motors kanye nama-switched reluctance motors.
Isistimu yokulawula isivinini se-switched reluctance motor inechungechunge lwezici ekusebenzeni nesakhiwo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi. Inezinzuzo ezilandelayo emkhakheni wezimoto zikagesi:
(1) Injini inesakhiwo esilula futhi ifanele isivinini esikhulu. Iningi lokulahlekelwa kwe-motor kugxilwe ku-stator, okulula ukupholisa futhi kungenziwa kalula ibe yisakhiwo esine-explosion-proof-proof-proof, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo engadingi ukulungiswa.
(2) Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kungagcinwa ebangeni elibanzi lamandla nesivinini, okunzima ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo zokushayela zifezeke. Lesi sici sizuzisa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa inkambo yokushayela yezimoto zikagesi.
(3) Kulula ukubona ukusebenza kwama-quadrant amane, ukubona impendulo yokuvuselela amandla, nokugcina ikhono eliqinile lokubhuleka endaweni yokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.
(4) I-current current ye-motor incane, awukho umthelela ebhethri, futhi i-torque yokuqala inkulu, efanelekile ukuqala komthwalo osindayo.
(5) Kokubili injini nesiguquli samandla ziqine kakhulu futhi zithembekile, zilungele izindawo ezihlukahlukene zokushisa ezinokhahlo neziphezulu, futhi zinokuvumelana nezimo okuhle.
Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, kunezinhlelo eziningi ezisebenzayo zokushintshwa kwezinjini zokuphika ezimotweni zikagesi, amabhasi kagesi namabhayisikili kagesi ekhaya naphesheya].
Ngenxa yokuthi i-motor eshintshashintshayo yokungabaza inezinzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, isiqalo esincane samanje, ububanzi bokulawula isivinini, kanye nokulawula okuhle, inezinzuzo ezinhle zohlelo lokusebenza kanye namathemba okusebenza abanzi emkhakheni wamapulani e-gantry, imishini yokuwasha, nezimoto zikagesi. Ziningi izinhlelo ezisebenzayo kule mikhakha eshiwo ngenhla. Nakuba kunezinga elithile lokusetshenziswa eShayina, lisencane futhi amandla alo awakafezeki. Kukholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni eshiwo ngenhla kuzokwanda kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2022