Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawulwa kwezimoto zokungeniswa

Umlando wamamotho kagesi uhlehlela emuva ku-1820, lapho uHans Christian Oster ethola amandla kazibuthe wamanje kagesi, kwathi ngemva konyaka uMichael Faraday wathola ukuzungezisa kazibuthe futhi wakha injini yokuqala yakudala ye-DC.UFaraday wathola ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ngo-1831, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1883 lapho uTesla asungula khona injini yokungenisa (asynchronous).Namuhla, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemishini kagesi zihlala zifana, i-DC, induction (i-asynchronous) kanye ne-synchronous, konke okusekelwe emibonweni eyakhiwe futhi yatholwa ngu-Alstead, uFaraday noTesla eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.

 

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Selokhu kwasungulwa i-induction motor, isiphenduke injini esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yezinzuzo ze-induction motor ngaphezu kwamanye ama-motor.Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi ama-motor induction awadingi uxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ezimile nezijikelezayo zemoto, ngakho-ke, azidingi noma yiziphi izihambisi zemishini (amabhulashi) futhi zingamamotho angenakulungiswa.Ama-induction motors nawo anezici zesisindo esilula, inertia ephansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, namandla okulayisha ngokweqile.Ngenxa yalokho, ashibhile, anamandla, futhi awehluleki ngesivinini esikhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ingasebenza endaweni eneziqhumane ngaphandle kwenhlansi.

 

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Uma kucatshangelwa zonke izinzuzo ezingenhla, ama-motor induction abhekwa njengabaguquli bamandla kagesi abaphelele, noma kunjalo, amandla emishini avame ukudingeka ngesivinini esiguquguqukayo, lapho izinhlelo zokulawula isivinini zingeyona into encane.Okuwukuphela kwendlela esebenzayo yokukhiqiza ukuguqulwa kwesivinini esingenasinyathelo ukuhlinzeka nge-voltage yezigaba ezintathu ngefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo kanye ne-amplitude ye-asynchronous motor.Isivinini se-rotor sincike kwijubane lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo ehlinzekwa yi-stator, ngakho-ke ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa kuyadingeka.I-voltage eguquguqukayo iyadingeka, i-motor impedance iyancipha ngamaza aphansi, futhi yamanje kufanele ikhawulelwe ngokunciphisa i-voltage yokuhlinzeka.

 

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Ngaphambi kokufika kwama-electronics wamandla, ukulawulwa kwejubane lokukhawulela isivinini samamotho angenisayo kwafinyelelwa ngokushintsha ama-stator windings amathathu ukusuka ku-delta kuya ekuxhumekeni kwenkanyezi, okunciphise i-voltage kuwo wonke ama-motor windings.Izinjini zokungeniswa zibuye zibe nama-stator windings angaphezu kwamathathu ukuvumela ukuhlukahluka kwenani lamapheya wezigxobo.Kodwa-ke, injini enama-winding amaningi ibiza kakhulu ngoba injini idinga amachweba okuxhumana angaphezu kwamathathu futhi kutholakala isivinini esiqondile kuphela.Enye indlela ehlukile yokulawula isivinini ingafinyelelwa nge-rotor induction motor, lapho iziphetho ze-rotor winding zilethwa emasongweni e-slip.Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ngokusobala isusa izinzuzo eziningi zamamotho okungenisa, kuyilapho futhi yethula ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe, okungaholela ekusebenzeni kabi ngokubeka izinto eziphikisayo noma ukusabela ochungechungeni kuwo wonke ama-stator windings we-induction motor.

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Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zindlela ezingenhla yizo kuphela ezitholakalayo zokulawula isivinini se-induction motors, futhi ama-motor e-DC asevele ekhona anesivinini esingapheli esingavunyelwe ukusebenza ngama-quadrants amane, kodwa futhi ahlanganisa ububanzi obubanzi bamandla.Zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zinokulawula okufanele futhi ngisho nokuphendula okuhle okuguquguqukayo, noma kunjalo, ukonakala kwayo okuyinhloko kuyisidingo esiyisibopho samabhulashi.

 

Ekuphetheni

Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor buye benza inqubekelaphambili enkulu, buhlinzeka ngezimo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezifanele zokushayela izithuthuthu.Lezi zimo ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko:

(1) Ukwehliswa kwezindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwamadivayisi okushintsha amandla kagesi.

(2) Amathuba wokusebenzisa ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi kuma-microprocessors amasha.

Kodwa-ke, imfuneko kufanele yenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindlela ezifanele zokulawula isivinini samamotho okungenisa izinto ezinobunzima, ngokungafani nobulula bawo bemishini, bubaluleke kakhulu ngokuphathelene nesakhiwo sabo sezibalo (i-multivariate ne-nonlinear).


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2022