Ukunikezwa kwamanzi okucindezela njalo kanye ne-HVAC SRD

ezisafufusa emhlabeni jikelelekusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokungathandi obushintshile

Uhlelo oluqhubekayo lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi ngomfutho

(I-HVAC, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi emadolobheni, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi acindezela njalo kumabhizinisi ezimboni)

Ngokuthuthuka nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe bokulawulwa kwemoto obushintshashintshayo, amasistimu okunikezwa kwamanzi okucindezelwa njalo (umjovo wamanzi) emadolobheni namabhizinisi ezimboni akwazile ukuzuza ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile okuhlelekile, ukonga amandla, ukunciphisa izindleko, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokwethembeka. Njengamanje, amazwe asentshonalanga athuthukile aholwa yi-United States asebenzisa uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi oluhlakaniphile oluqhubekayo oluqhutshwa ama-motor ashintshayo, kusukela ekwakheni i-HVAC kuya ekuhlinzekeni kwamanzi emkhakheni wezimboni, nokuxhumana nezinkundla zesevisi yamafu ukuze kuzuzwe ukonga ugesi okuphelele minyaka yonke. isilinganiso Ifinyelele ku-45%, futhi ngokuyisisekelo yabonakala ingagadiwe.

1. Ukwakheka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziyisisekelo kanye nomsebenzi wesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamanzi ecindezela njalo yokungabaza

1. Ukushintsha injini yokungabaza

Shintshanisa injini yasekuqaleni ngenjini ethuthukisiwe enqenayo ukushayela iphampu yamanzi. Izinzuzo zayo zichazwe kamuva.

2. Ukushintsha ukungabaza kwesilawuli esihlakaniphile

Isilawuli esihlakaniphile sishayela i-motor eshintshashintshayo yokungabaza ukushayela ipompo ukuze isebenze, ixhumana ne-PLC kanye nenzwa yokucindezela ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi ilawula ngokukhululekile isivinini sokukhipha, i-torque nezinye izakhi ze-motor yokunqika okushintshiwe;

3. I-pressure transmitter

Isetshenziselwa ukuqapha umfutho wangempela wamanzi wenethiwekhi yamapayipi ngesikhathi sangempela futhi idlulisele idatha kumlawuli ohlakaniphile wemoto.

*4.PLC nezinye izingxenye

I-PLC isetshenziselwa ukulawula lonke uhlelo olungaphezulu. Ezinye izinto ezidingekayo nezinzwa, njengama-transmitter level liquid, amapulatifomu okuqapha uhlelo, njll., ziyakhuphuka noma zehliswe ngokuya ngezidingo zamasistimu ahlukene.

2. Umgomo oyisisekelo wokushintsha ukungabaza okuguquguqukayo kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamanzi

Ushintsho lwangempela lokucindezela kunethiwekhi yepayipi yamanzi eholela kumsebenzisi iqoqwa ngenzwa yokucindezela futhi idluliselwe kumlawuli ohlakaniphile wemoto. Isilawuli siyayiqhathanisa futhi siyicubungule nenani elinikeziwe (inani elimisiwe), futhi sililungise ngokuya ngemiphumela yokucubungula idatha. Izici zomphumela njengejubane lemoto (ipompo). Lapho ingcindezi yokunikezwa kwamanzi iphansi kunokucindezela okubekiwe, isilawuli sizokwandisa isivinini sokusebenza, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Futhi ukuzilungisa okuhlukile kwenziwa ngokuya ngejubane lokushintsha kwengcindezi. Lonke uhlelo lungavalwa-loop oluzenzakalelayo lokulawula, futhi isivinini semoto singabuye silungiswe ngesandla.

3. Imisebenzi eyisisekelo yohlelo lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ngomfutho ongaguquki

(1) Gcina umfutho wamanzi ungashintshi;

(2) Uhlelo lokulawula lungakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo/ngokwezandla ukusebenza;

(3) Ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo kokusebenza kwamaphampu amaningi;

(4) Uhlelo luyalala futhi luvuke. Lapho izwe langaphandle liyeka ukusebenzisa amanzi, isistimu isesimweni sokulala futhi ivuka ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kunesidingo samanzi;

(5) Ukulungiswa kwe-inthanethi kwemingcele ye-PID;

(6) Ukuqapha okuku-inthanethi kwejubane nemvamisa yemoto

(7) Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwesimo sokuxhumana somlawuli kanye ne-PLC;

(8) Ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela amapharamitha e-alamu njengokuphuma kwe-overcurrent kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile kwesilawuli;

(9) Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela sesethi yephampu kanye ne-alamu yokuthola ukuvikelwa komugqa, isibonisi sesiginali, njll.

Okwesine, izinzuzo zezobuchwepheshe zohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi okucindezelayo okuguquguqukayo okuguquguqukayo

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuphakelwa kwamanzi anengcindezi engaguquki (njengokucindezela okungaguquki kwefrikhwensi), uhlelo lokuphakela amanzi olunengcindezi eshintshayo lunalezi zinzuzo ezisobala ezilandelayo:

(1) Umphumela obaluleke kakhulu wokonga amandla. Ingakwazi ukuzuza izinga lonyaka eliphelele lokonga amandla lika-10% -60%.

(2) I-motor eshintshayo yokungabaza ine-torque yokuqala ephezulu kanye namandla okuqala aphansi. Ingaqala nge-1.5 izikhathi zomthwalo we-torque ku-30% wamanje olinganiselwe. Isiqalo esithambile sangempela. I-motor isheshisa ngokukhululekile ngokuvumelana nesikhathi esimisiwe sokusheshisa, igwema umthelela wamanje lapho injini iqala, igwema ukushintshashintsha kwe-voltage yegridi yamandla, futhi igwema ukukhuphuka kwesistimu yepompo okubangelwa ukusheshisa okungazelelwe kwenjini. Susa ukwenzeka kwesando samanzi.

(3) Ingenza ukulawulwa kwejubane lokushintshwa kwe-switch reluctance motor, futhi ukusebenza kahle kuphezulu kulo lonke uhla lokulawula isivinini. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuphumayo njengetorque endaweni yesivinini esimaphakathi nesiphansi ngaphansi kwesivinini esilinganiselwe nangaphezulu kwamashumi noma amakhulu ama-revolution. Ingakwazi ukulungisa isivinini sepompo ngesilinganiso esikhulu sejubane, okwenza iphampu ibe idivayisi ehlakaniphile. Ingashintsha ngokukhululekile ingcindezi yokuphuma kwephampu, inciphise ukumelana namapayipi futhi inciphise ukulahlekelwa kokucasha. ukusebenza kahle kubonakala kakhudlwana.

(4) Iphampu ingashintshwa ngokukhululeka. Lapho ukugeleza kwe-outlet kungaphansi kokugeleza okulinganiselwe, isivinini sepompo siyancishiswa, ukuguga nokushisa kuyancishiswa, futhi impilo yesevisi yemishini yepompo kanye nemoto iyandiswa.

(5) Ukulawula ukucindezela okungaguquki okuzenzakalelayo, ukususa ezinye izisetshenziswa zokulawula ingcindezi, nokuhlinzeka nge-inthanethi Yezinto kanye nokuxhumana kwe-inthanethi ukuze kusekelwe ukugcwaliseka kobuhlakani balo lonke uhlelo. Uhlelo aludingi ukusebenza njalo ngabasebenza, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuqina kwabasebenzi futhi konga abasebenzi.

(6) Ukuthembeka nempilo yesevisi yesistimu yokushayela imoto eshintshayo yokungafuni kuphakeme. Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwenziwa njengoba kudingeka, futhi lonke uhlelo lungasebenza ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokwehluleka isikhathi eside.

Izibalo ezimbili ezilandelayo zibonisa izici eziqhubekayo zokuphumelela okuphezulu nezici eziqhubekayo ze-torque ephezulu yesistimu yedrayivu yokunqika eshintshiwe ebangeni elibanzi kakhulu lokulawula isivinini.

Izinjini ezishintshayo ezinqenayo zinganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphezu kuka-60% njalo ngonyaka ekongeni amandla ahlakaniphile ezinhlelo zokwakha (HVAC).

 

 

*5. Ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokunikeza amanzi ngomfutho oqhubekayo (ukukhethwa): ukuqapha komsingathi

5.1 Ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela

Isikhombikubona esiyinhloko sesistimu

Isimo sokusebenza sengxenye ngayinye yenjini eshintshashintshayo yokungabaza, isilawuli semoto esishintshayo, i-PLC kanye nenzwa yokucindezela kuboniswa ngokusebenzisa ihluzo nombhalo.

I-interface eyinhloko ibonisa isivinini samanje semoto, imvamisa yokusebenza, inani lokucindezela, i-PID namanye amapharamitha ngesikhathi sangempela. I-motor izolungisa isivinini ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngenani lengcindezi yesikhathi sangempela, noma ingalungiswa ngesandla ngumsingathi. Uma isilawuli noma injini isebenza ngendlela engavamile, indawo ehambisanayo izoveza idethi ye-alamu kanye nencazelo yephutha.

5.2 I-alamu yesikhathi sangempela

5.3 Ijika lesikhathi sangempela

 

Ukubuka konke kwejika

 

ijika ngalinye

5.3 Umbiko wedatha

umbiko wedatha

Eyisithupha, inkambu yokufaka umfutho wamanzi njalo

1. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi ompompi, izindawo zokuhlala kanye nezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamanzi okulwa nomlilo nakho kungasetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ashisayo, ukufuthwa kwengcindezi njalo nezinye izinhlelo.

2. Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhizinisi ezimboni, uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi asekhaya kanye nezinye izinkambu ezidinga ukulawulwa kwengcindezi eqhubekayo (njengokuhlinzekwa komoya ocindezelayo njalo kanye nokunikezwa komoya okucindezelayo okuqhubekayo kwesistimu ye-compressor yomoya). Ukucindezela okungaguquki, ukulawulwa kwengcindezi eguquguqukayo, amanzi okupholisa kanye namasistimu okuhambisa amanzi ajikelezayo ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene.

3. Isiteshi sokupompa indle, ukuhlanzwa kwendle kanye nohlelo lokukhuphula indle.

4. Ukuchelela ngenkasa kwezolimo kanye nokufuthwa kwengadi.

5. Ukuphakelwa kwamanzi nezinhlelo zokucisha umlilo emahhotela nezakhiwo ezinkulu zomphakathi.

7. Isifinyezo

Ukushintshwa kokunqikaza okuguquguqukayo kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamanzi kunezinzuzo zokonga amandla amaningi, okuthembeke kakhulu futhi okuhlakaniphe kakhulu. Njengamanje, isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi, hhayi kuphela ingasetshenziswa ku-HVAC yezikole, izibhedlela, izindawo zokuhlala, kodwa futhi nasekunikezeni amanzi okucindezela njalo noma umjovo wamanzi odingwa amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene ezimboni, njengokupholisa ukujikeleza kwamanzi, umjovo wamanzi ocindezela njalo emasimini kawoyela, njll. Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi olunengcindezi eshintshashintshayo alugcini nje ngokugcina ugesi namanzi, kodwa futhi luthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kohlelo futhi lwandise impilo yesevisi. Iwuhlelo oluhlanganisa izinzuzo zezomnotho kanye nenani lobuchwepheshe, futhi olunamathemba abanzi okusebenza.

1. Isistimu yokwakha (HVAC) yokonga amandla

Ukushisisa kwesakhiwo, ukungena komoya kanye nesimo somoya (HVAC) kuyiyunithi ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kukagesi. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kobuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla kulo mkhakha ezweni lami kunomkhawulo, ngakho-ke maningi amathuba okuba kuthuthukiswe ukonga amandla. Amaphesenti angama-70 wamandla kagesi kulo mkhakha asetshenziswa injini, ngakho ukufaka esikhundleni senjini ngokonga amandla aphezulu kuyisixazululo esiqondile.