Which countries have mandatory requirements for energy efficiency of motor products?

Kwiminyaka yakutsha nje, iimfuno zokonga umbane zelizwe lethuiinjini zombanekunye nezinye iimveliso ziye zanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Uthotho lweemfuno ezinyiniweyo zemigangatho yokusebenza kwamandla eemoto zombane ezimelwe yi-GB 18613 ngokuthe ngcembe ziyanyuswa kwaye ziphunyezwe, njengemigangatho ye-GB30253 kunye ne-GB30254. Ngokukodwa kwiinjini zenjongo ngokubanzi ezisebenzisa kakhulu ngokwentelekiso, inguqulelo ka-2020 yomgangatho we-GB18613 ichaze inqanaba le-IE3 lokusebenzisa amandla njengelona xabiso lisezantsi lomda kolu hlobo lwemoto. Inqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe.

Iinkampani zeemoto ezenza ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle kufuneka ziqonde iimfuno ngokweenkcukacha, zihlangabezane neemfuno zemigangatho yelizwe, kwaye zinokujikeleza kuphela kwimarike yokuthengisa yasekhaya. Ukujikeleza kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neemfuno zokonga amandla okanye ezinye iimfuno ezizezabantu, kufuneka bahlangabezane nemigangatho yendawo. Funa.

1. EMelika

Ngo-1992, iNkongolo yase-US yapasisa uMthetho we-EPACT, owawuchaza elona xabiso liphantsi lokuphumelela kwenjini kwaye lalifuna ukuba ukususela ngo-Oktobha 24, 1997, zonke iinjini ezisetyenziselwa injongo ngokubanzi ezithengiswa eUnited States kufuneka zihlangabezane neyona index yamva nje yokuphumelela. , isalathisi sokusebenza kakuhle kwe-EPACT.

Isalathiso sokusebenza kakuhle esichazwe yi-EPACT lixabiso elingumndilili wesalathisi sokusebenza kakuhle kwemoto esiveliswe ngabavelisi abakhulu beemoto eUnited States ngelo xesha.Kwi-2001, i-United States Energy Efficiency Coalition (CEE) kunye ne-National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) ngokubambisana baphuhlise umgangatho we-ultra-high-efficiency motor, obizwa ngokuba yi-NEMAPemium standard.Iimfuno zokusebenza zokuqala zalo mgangatho zihambelana ne-EPACT, kwaye isalathisi sokusebenza kwayo ngokusisiseko sibonisa inqanaba eliphakathi langoku leenjini ze-Ultra-high-efficiency motors kwimarike yase-US, eyi-1 ukuya kwi-3 yeepesenti yeepesenti eziphezulu kune-EPACT index, kunye nelahleko. malunga ne-20% ngaphantsi kwe-EPACT index.

Okwangoku, umgangatho we-NEMAPemium usetyenziswa kakhulu njengomgangatho wesalathiso kwinkxaso-mali enikwe ziinkampani zamandla ukukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuba bathenge ii-motor eziphezulu kakhulu. Iinjini ze-NEMAPmium zicetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiimeko apho umsebenzi wonyaka ungaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-2000 kwaye izinga lomthwalo li> 75%.

Inkqubo ye-NEMAPremium eqhutywa yi-NEMA sisivumelwano sokuzithandela soshishino. Amalungu e-NEMA asayina esi sivumelwano kwaye anokusebenzisa uphawu lweNEMAPremium emva kokufikelela kumgangatho. Iiyunithi ezingengawo amalungu zinokusebenzisa le logo emva kokuhlawula umrhumo othile.

I-EPACT imisela ukuba umlinganiselo wokulunga kwemoto yamkela indlela yovavanyo lokuphumelela kwemoto i-IEEE112-B yeZiko laseMelika leeNjineli zoMbane kunye ne-Electronic.

2. IManyano yaseYurophu

Phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1990, iManyano yaseYurophu yaqalisa ukwenza uphando kunye nokuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo wogcino lwamandla eemoto.

Ngo-1999, i-European Commission's Transport and Energy Agency kunye ne-European Motor and Power Electronics Manufacturers Association (CE-MEP) yafikelela kwisivumelwano sokuzithandela kwisicwangciso sokuhlelwa kweemoto zombane (esibizwa ngokuba yisivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP), esichaza inqanaba lokusebenza kakuhle. yeenjini zombane, ezi:

i-eff3 - ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi (Ukusebenza kakuhle) injini;

eff2——Injini ephuculweyo esebenzayo;

eff1 - ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu (Ukusebenza okuphezulu) injini.

(Uhlelo lwelizwe lethu lokuphumelela kwamandla eenjini luyafana nolo lweManyano yaseYurophu.)

Emva kwe-2006, ukuveliswa kunye nokujikeleza kwee-motor zombane ze-eff3-class akuvumelekanga.Isivumelwano sikwachaza ukuba abavelisi kufuneka badwelise ukuchongwa komgangatho osebenzayo kunye nexabiso elisebenzayo kwi-nameplate yemveliso kunye nephepha ledatha lesampula, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukukhetha kunye nokuchongwa kwabasebenzisi, okukwabandakanya iiparamitha zokuqala zokuphumelela kwamandla e-EU yoMbane. Motor EuPs Directive.

Isivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP siphunyezwa emva kokutyikitywa ngokuzithandela ngamalungu e-CEMEP, kwaye abavelisi abangengawo amalungu, abarhwebi kunye nabathengisi bamkelekile ukuba bathathe inxaxheba.Okwangoku, kukho iinkampani ezivelisayo ezingama-36kuqukaI-Siemens eJamani, i-ABB eSwitzerland, i-BrookCromton e-United Kingdom, kunye ne-Leroy-Somer eFransi, igubungela i-80% yemveliso eYurophu.E-Denmark, abasebenzisi abasebenzisa iimoto zabo ziphezulu kunomgangatho ophantsi baxhaswa yi-Arhente ye-Energy ye-DKK 100 okanye i-250 kW nganye. Eyangaphambili isetyenziselwa ukuthenga iimotor kwizityalo ezitsha, kwaye ezokugqibela zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela iinjini ezindala. E-Netherlands, ukongeza kwiinkxaso-mali zokuthenga, zikwanika inkuthazo yeRhafu; i-UK ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwemarike yeemveliso zokulondoloza amandla ezifana neenjini eziphezulu zokuphumelela ngokunciphisa kunye nokukhulula irhafu yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokuphumeza "inkqubo yokuphucula i-subsidy scheme". Yazisa ngokusebenzayo iimveliso ezonga amandla kuqukaiinjini eziphezulukwi-Intanethi, kwaye ibonelele ngolwazi ngezi mveliso, izisombululo zokonga umbane kunye neendlela zoyilo.

3. EKhanada

I-Canadian Standards Association kunye ne-Canadian Motor Industry Association baqulunqe ubuncinci obucetyiswayo bomgangatho wokusebenza kwamandla kwiinjini ngo-1991.Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwemiba yamandla, iPalamente yaseKhanada iphinde yapasisa uMthetho wokuSebenza kweMandla (EEACT) kwi-1992, equka ubuncinci bemigangatho yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiinjini zombane. esebenzayo.Lo mgangatho unyanzeliswa ngumthetho, ngoko ke iimotor ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ziye zakhuthazwa ngokukhawuleza.

4. EOstreliya

Ukuze kugcinwe amandla kunye nokukhusela indalo, urhulumente waseOstreliya uye waphumeza isicwangciso esisinyanzelo sokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla okanye isicwangciso seMEPS sezixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo zemizi-mveliso ukusukela ngo-1999, elawulwa yiOfisi yeGreenhouse Gas karhulumente waseOstreliya ngokubambisana neBhunga leMigangatho yaseOstreliya. .

I-Australia ifake ii-motor kwi-scope ye-MEPS, kwaye imigangatho yayo yemoto enyanzelekileyo yavunywa kwaye yaqala ukusebenza ngo-Oktobha 2001. Inombolo esemgangathweni ngu-AS / NZS1359.5. IiMoto ekufuneka ziveliswe kwaye zingeniswe e-Australia naseNew Zealand kufuneka zihlangabezane okanye zigqithise imigangatho ebekiweyo kulo mgangatho. Ubuncinci besalathisi sokusebenza kakuhle.

Umgangatho unokuvavanywa ngeendlela ezimbini zokuvavanya, ngoko ke iiseti ezimbini zezibonakaliso zichazwe: isethi enye isalathiso sendlela A, ehambelana ne-American IEEE112-B indlela; enye iseti sisalathiso sendlela ye-B, ehambelana ne-IEC34-2, isalathisi sayo Ixabiso liyafana ne-Eff2 ye-EU-CEMEP.

Ukongeza kwimigangatho ephantsi enyanzelekileyo, umgangatho uphinda uchaze izikhombisi eziphezulu zemoto, eziyimigangatho ecetyiswayo kwaye ikhuthaze abasebenzisi ukuba bamkele.Ixabiso layo liyafana ne-Effl ye-EU-CEMEP kunye ne-EPACT yase-United States.

Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-06-2022

Ngawaphi amazwe aneemfuno ezisisinyanzelo zokonga amandla kwiimveliso zemoto?