What is the most serious failure of high-voltage motors?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokungaphumeleli kweenjini ze-AC high-voltage. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyimfuneko ukuphonononga iseti yeendlela ezijoliswe kuzo kunye nezicacileyo zokusombulula iingxaki kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokungaphumeleli, kwaye ucebise amanyathelo asebenzayo okuthintela ukuphelisa ukungaphumeleli kwiinjini zombane ophezulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo. , ukwenzela ukuba izinga lokungaphumeleli kweenjini eziphezulu ze-voltage ziyancipha unyaka nonyaka.

Zeziphi iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zeenjini zombane ophezulu? Zifanele zisingathwe njani?

1. Ukusilela kwenkqubo yokupholisa imoto

Uhlalutyo lokusilela

Ngenxa yeemfuno zemveliso, ii-motor high-voltage ziqala rhoqo, zineentshukumo ezinkulu, kwaye zineempembelelo ezinkulu zoomatshini, ezinokuthi ngokulula zibangele ukuba inkqubo yokupholisa ukujikeleza kwemoto ingasebenzi kakuhle. Oku kuquka ikakhulu ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

Ekuqaleni,umbhobho wokupholisa wangaphandle wemoto wonakalisiwe, okukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nendawo yokupholisa, nto leyo enciphisa umthamo wokupholisa wenkqubo yokupholisa i-motor high-voltage. Umthamo wokupholisa uvaliwe, okwenza ukuba ubushushu bemoto bunyuke;

Isibini,emva kokuba amanzi okupholisa ehla, imibhobho yokupholisa i-corrored kwaye ivalwe ngokungcola, okubangela ukuba i-motor igqithise;

Isithathu,imibhobho ethile yokupholisa kunye nokuchithwa kobushushu ineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchithwa kobushushu kunye nokusebenza kwe-thermal. Ngenxa yeedigri ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa phakathi kwezinto zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, izikhewu zishiywe. Iingxaki ze-oxidation kunye ne-rust zenzeka kwi-joint phakathi kwezi zibini, kwaye amanzi apholileyo angena kuwo. Ngenxa yoko, i-motor iya kuba nengozi "yokudubula", kwaye iyunithi yemoto iya kumisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ibangele ukuba iyunithi yemoto ingasebenzi kakuhle.

Indlela yokulungisa

Ukongamela umbhobho wokupholisa wangaphandle ukunciphisa ubushushu bombhobho wokupholisa wangaphandle.Ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi okupholisa kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okungcola kwimibhobho yokupholisa amanzi okupholisa kunye nokuvala iziteshi zokupholisa.Ukugcinwa kwe-Lubricant kwi-condenser kuya kunciphisa izinga lokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-condenser kunye nokuthintela ukuhamba kwefriji yolwelo.Ngokujonga ukuvuza kwemibhobho ye-aluminiyam yokupholisa yangaphandle, umkhangeli wesixhobo sokuvuza usondela kufutshane nazo zonke iindawo ezivuzayo ezinokuvuza. Kwiindawo ezifuna ukuhlolwa, ezinjengama-joints, welds, njl., inkqubo iphinda iqhutywe kwakhona ukuze i-ejenti yokufumanisa ukuvuza ingasetyenziselwa kwakhona. Esona sicwangciso kukwamkela iindlela zokugcinwa kwesitampu, ukuhlohla kunye nokutywinwa.Xa uqhuba ukugcinwa kwendawo, iglu kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo yokuvuza yombhobho wokupholisa wangaphandle we-aluminium we-high-voltage motor, enokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium kunye nokufezekisa umphumo omuhle wokulwa ne-oxidation.

2. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-motor rotor

Uhlalutyo lokusilela

Ngexesha lokuqalisa kunye nokusebenza okugqithisileyo kwemoto, phantsi kweempembelelo zamandla ahlukeneyo, isangqa esifutshane se-rotor yangaphakathi ye-motor sidityaniswe kumgca wobhedu, obangela ukuba umcu wobhedu we-motor rotor ukhululeke kancinci. Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuba i-ring yesiphelo ayibunjwanga kwiqhekeza elinye lobhedu, i-welding seam ayidityaniswanga kakuhle kwaye inokubangela ukuqhekeka ngokulula ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-thermal ngexesha lokusebenza.Ukuba isivalo sobhedu kunye nombindi wentsimbi zihambelana kakhulu, umvalo wobhedu uya kungcangcazela kwigroove, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umvalo wobhedu okanye umsesane wokuphela wophuke.Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokufakela ayiqhutywanga ngokufanelekileyo, okubangela ukuba kube nefuthe elincinci elibukhali kumphezulu wentonga yocingo. Ukuba ukushisa akukwazi ukuchithwa ngexesha, kuya kubangela ngokukrakra ukwanda kunye nokuguqulwa, okubangela ukuba i-rotor vibration iqinise.

Indlela yokulungisa

Okokuqala, i-welding breakpoints ye-high-voltage motor rotor kufuneka ihlolwe, kwaye i-debris kwi-core slot kufuneka ihlambuluke ngokucophelela. Khangela ngokukodwa ukuba kukho imivalo eyaphukileyo, iintanda kunye nezinye iziphene, sebenzisa izinto zobhedu ukuze udibanise kwi-welding breaks, kwaye uqinise zonke izikrufu. Emva kokugqitywa, umsebenzi oqhelekileyo uya kuqala.Ukuqhuba uhlolo olucacileyo lwe-rotor winding ukugxila ekuthinteleni. Xa sele ifunyenwe, kufuneka itshintshwe kwangethuba ukuthintela ukutshiswa okunzulu kombindi wentsimbi.Jonga rhoqo imeko ye-core tightening bolts, buyisela i-rotor, kwaye ulinganise ilahleko engundoqo xa kuyimfuneko.

3. I-high-voltage motor stator coil ukusilela

Uhlalutyo lokusilela

Phakathi kweempazamo zeemoto ezinombane ophezulu, iimpazamo ezibangelwa ngumonakalo kwi-stator winding insulation account ezingaphezu kwama-40%.Xa i-motor-voltage ephezulu iqala kwaye ime ngokukhawuleza okanye itshintshe umthwalo ngokukhawuleza, ukungcangcazela komatshini kuya kubangela ukuba i-stator core kunye ne-stator winding ihambe ngokumalunga omnye nomnye, ibangele ukuchithwa kwe-insulation ngenxa yokuthotywa kwe-thermal.Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kukhawuleza ukuwohloka kwe-insulation surface kunye nokutshintsha imeko ye-insulation surface, ngaloo ndlela kubangele uchungechunge lweenguqu ezinxulumene nemeko ye-insulation surface.Ngenxa ye-oyile, umphunga wamanzi kunye nokungcola kumphezulu ojikajikayo kunye nokuphuma phakathi kwezigaba ezahlukeneyo ze-stator winding, ipeyinti ebomvu ye-anti-halo kumphezulu we-high-voltage lead insulation layer kwi-contact part ijike yaba mnyama.Inxalenye ye-high-voltage lead yahlolwa kwaye yafumanisa ukuba inxalenye ephukileyo ye-high-voltage lead yayisekupheleni kwesakhelo se-stator. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwindawo efumileyo kubangele ukuguga kwe-insulation layer ye-high-voltage lead wire ye-stator winding, okubangelwa ukuhla kwe-insulation resistance of the winding.

Indlela yokulungisa

Ngokweemeko zendawo yokwakha, icandelo elikhokelela kwi-high-voltage ye-motor winding iqala isongelwe nge-tape yokukhusela.Ngokwendlela “yokuxhoma” ubuchule obusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kulondolozoabasebenzi bombane, phakamisa ngokukhawuleza i-slot edge ephezulu yekhoyili ephosakeleyo i-30 ukuya kwi-40 mm kude nodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-stator core kwaye uzame ukuyilungisa.Sebenzisa ibamba elilula lokubhaka ukuze uqale ubambe indawo entsha yokugquma, sebenzisa umgubo wemica tape ukusonga icandelo elithe tye lomaleko ongaphezulu ukuze uligqume emhlabeni kangange-10 ukuya kwi-12 umaleko, uze usonge iimpumlo zazo zombini iziphelo. i-coil ye-slot ekufutshane ukuyikhusela ukusuka emhlabeni, kunye ne-bevel edge ye-coil ekupheleni Faka ipeyinti ye-semiconductor ephezulu yokuchasa kumacandelo kunye ne-brush ubude be-12mm.Kungcono ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa kabini nganye.Qinisa izikrufu zokufa kwakhona phambi kokufudumeza okwesibini.

4. Ukuthwala ukusilela

Uhlalutyo lokusilela

Iibhodi zebhola ze-groove ezinzulu kunye neebheringi ze-cylindrical roller zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimotor eziphezulu ze-voltage. Izizathu eziphambili zokungaphumeleli kwemoto kukufakela okungenangqiqo kunye nokungaphumeleli ukufaka ngokwemigaqo ehambelanayo.Ukuba i-lubricant ayifanelekanga, ukuba iqondo lokushisa aliqhelekanga, ukusebenza kwegrisi kuya kutshintsha kakhulu.Ezi ziganeko zenza ukuba iibheringi zithande ukuba neengxaki kwaye zikhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwemoto.Ukuba i-coil ayigxininisi ngokuqinileyo, i-coil kunye nentsimbi yentsimbi iya kugubha, kwaye i-positioning bearing iya kuthwala umthwalo ogqithiseleyo we-axial, oya kubangela ukuba ukuthwala kutshise.

Indlela yokulungisa

Iibheringi ezikhethekileyo zeemoto ziquka iintlobo ezivulekileyo nezivaliweyo, kwaye ukhetho oluthile kufuneka lusekelwe kwimeko yangempela.Kwiibheringi, kufuneka kukhethwe imvume ekhethekileyo kunye negrisi. Xa ufaka ukuthwala, nikela ingqalelo ekukhethweni kwe-lubrication. Ngamanye amaxesha igrisi enezongezo ze-EP isetyenziswa, kwaye igrisi encinci ingafakwa kumkhono wangaphakathi. Igrisi inokuphucula ubomi bokusebenza kweebheringi zeemoto.Khetha ngokuchanekileyo iibheringi kwaye usebenzise iibheringi ngokuchanekileyo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-radial ye-bearing emva kofakelo kwaye usebenzise isakhiwo somdyarho wangaphandle weringi ukuze uthintele.Xa uhlanganisa i-motor, kuyimfuneko kwakhona ukuba uhlolisise imilinganiselo ehambelanayo yokuthwala kunye ne-rotor shaft xa ufaka i-bearing.

5. Ukonakaliswa kwe-insulation

Uhlalutyo lokusilela

Ukuba imo engqongileyo ifumile kwaye umbane kunye ne-thermal conductivity ikwimeko embi, kulula ukwenza ukuba ubushushu bemoto bunyuke kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ubushushu berabha buwohloke okanye bude buxobule, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umkhombandlela ukhulule, wophule okanye ukhuphe iingxaki zokukhupha i-arc. .Ukungcangcazela kwe-axial kuya kubangela ukungqubana phakathi komphezulu wekhoyili kunye nephedi kunye nombindi, kubangele ukunxitywa kwe-semiconductor anti-corona layer ngaphandle kwekhoyili. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kuya kutshabalalisa ngokuthe ngqo i-insulation main, ekhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwe-insulation main.Xa i-motor-voltage ephezulu ifumana umswakama, ixabiso lokuchasana le-insulation material yalo alikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-motor high-voltage, ebangela ukuba i-motor ingasebenzi kakuhle; i-motor high-voltage isetyenziswe ixesha elide, i-anti-corrosion layer kunye ne-stator core idibene kakubi, i-arcing iyenzeka, kwaye i-motor windings idiliza, ibangela ukuba i-motor ekugqibeleni ingasebenzi kakuhle. ; Emva kokuba ukungcola kweoli yangaphakathi ye-high-voltage motor ifakwe kwi-insulation engundoqo, kulula ukubangela isiphaluka esifutshane phakathi kokujika kwe-coil ye-stator, njl njl. .

Indlela yokulungisa

Itekhnoloji ye-Insulation yenye yetekhnoloji yenkqubo ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni kunye nokugcinwa kweemoto.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwemoto ixesha elide, ukuchasana nokushisa kwe-insulation kufuneka kuphuculwe.Umaleko okhuselayo wemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor okanye izinto zetsimbi zibekwe ngaphakathi kwe-insulation engundoqo ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kombane kumphezulu.Inkqubo yokumisa ngokupheleleyo yenye yamanyathelo abalulekileyo enkqubo yokuxhathisa uphazamiseko lombane.

Yeyiphi eyona ntsilelo inzulu yeemoto ezinevoltage ephezulu?

1. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zeenjini eziphezulu ze-voltage

Ukungaphumeleli kombane

(1) Isigaba ukuya kwisigaba sesekethe esifutshane se-stator winding

Isigaba-kwisigaba sesiphaluka esifutshane se-stator winding sesona siphoso sibi kakhulu semoto. Iya kubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-insulation ejikelezayo ye-motor ngokwayo kwaye itshise i-core core. Kwangaxeshanye, kuya kubangela ukucuthwa kombane wegridi, kuchaphazele okanye kutshabalalise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuqhelekileyo kwabanye abasebenzisi.Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba kususwe injini engalunganga ngokukhawuleza.

(2) I-inter-turn short circuit yesigaba esinye sokujija

Xa i-motor phase winding ifutshane phakathi kokujika, i-fault phase yangoku iyanda, kwaye iqondo lokunyuka kwangoku lihambelana nenani lokujika kwe-short-circuit. I-inter-turn short circuit itshabalalisa ukusebenza kwe-symmetrical ye-motor kwaye ibangela ukufudumeza okunzulu kwendawo.

(3) Isiphaluka esifutshane sokumisa isigaba esinye

Inethiwekhi yonikezelo lwamandla eenjini zombane ophezulu ngokuqhelekileyo yindawo engathathi hlangothi engasekelwanga ngokuthe ngqo. Xa impazamo yomhlaba wesigaba esisodwa yenzeka kwi-motor-voltage ephezulu, ukuba i-grounding current ingaphezu kwe-10A, i-stator core ye-motor iya kutshiswa.Ukongezelela, i-single-phase ground fault inokukhula ibe yi-turn-to-turn short circuit okanye i-short-phase-to-phase short circuit. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomhlaba wangoku, i-motor ephosakeleyo inokususwa okanye i-alarm signal inokukhutshwa.

(4) Esinye isigaba sobonelelo lwamandla okanye i-stator winding yisekethe evulekileyo

Isekethe evulekileyo yesigaba esinye sonikezelo lwamandla okanye i-stator winding ibangela ukuba i-motor isebenze kunye nokulahleka kwesigaba, isigaba sokuqhuba sikhula ngoku, ubushushu bemoto bukhuphuka ngokukhawuleza, ingxolo iyanda, kwaye ukungcangcazela kuyanda.Misa umatshini ngokukhawuleza, kungenjalo i-motor iya kutshisa.

(5) Umbane wombane uphezulu kakhulu okanye uphantsi kakhulu

Ukuba i-voltage iphezulu kakhulu, isiphaluka samagnetic se-stator core siya kuhluthwa, kwaye okwangoku kuya kwanda ngokukhawuleza; ukuba i-voltage iphantsi kakhulu, i-torque ye-motor iya kuncipha, kwaye i-stator yangoku yemoto ehamba nomthwalo iya kwanda, ibangele ukuba i-motor ishushu, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, i-motor iya kutshisa.

ukusilela koomatshini

(1) Ukunxiba okanye ukungabikho kweoli

Ukuthwala ukusilela kunokubangela ukuba ubushushu bemoto bunyuke kwaye ingxolo inyuke. Kwiimeko ezinzima, iibheringi zinokutshixa kwaye i-motor inokutshisa.

(2) Indibano embi yezixhobo zemoto

Xa udibanisa i-motor, iziphatho ze-screw azilingani kwaye amagquma amancinci angaphakathi nangaphandle e-motor akhuhla ngokuchasene ne-shaft, ebangela ukuba i-motor ibe shushu kwaye ibe nengxolo.

(3) Indibano yokudibanisa engalunganga

Amandla okuhambisa i-shaft kwandisa ubushushu be-bearing kunye nokwandisa ukungcangcazela kwemoto.Kwiimeko ezinzima, kuya kulimaza iibheringi kwaye kutshise i-motor.

2. Ukukhuselwa kwee-motor high-voltage

Ukhuseleko lwesiphaluka esifutshane sesigaba ukuya kwisigaba

Oko kukuthi, ukhuseleko lwangoku olukhawulezayo okanye ukukhuselwa komehluko we-longitudinal lubonisa impazamo yesiphaluka esifutshane se-motor stator. IiMoto ezinomthamo ongaphantsi kwe-2MW zixhotyiswe ngokhuseleko lwangoku lokuqhawula ngokukhawuleza; iimotor ezibalulekileyo ezinomthamo we-2MW nangaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-2MW kodwa uvakalelo lwangoku lokhuseleko olukhawulezayo alukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kwaye lube neengcingo ezintandathu zokuphuma zinokuxhotyiswa ngokhuseleko lomahluko longitudinal. Ukukhuselwa kwesigaba-kwisigaba esifutshane sesetyhula semoto sisebenza ngokukhubeka; kwiimotor ezihambelanayo ezinezixhobo ezizenzekelayo zokukhupha uzibuthe, ukhuseleko kufuneka lusebenze kwi-demagnetization.

Ulandelelwano olubi ukhuseleko lwangoku

Njengokhuseleko lwe-motor inter-turn, ukusilela kwesigaba, ukulandelelana kwesigaba esibuyiselwe umva kunye nokungalungelelani kwamandla ombane, inokusetyenziswa njenge-backup yokhuseleko oluphambili lwenqanaba lesithathu lokungalingani kwangoku kunye ne-inter-phase short circuit circuit fault of the motor.Ukulandelelana okungalunganga ukhuseleko lwangoku lusebenza kuhambo okanye umqondiso.

Isigaba esinye sokhuselo lwetyala lomhlaba

Inethiwekhi yonikezelo lwamandla eenjini zombane ophezulu ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo encinci yokumisa yangoku. Xa isiseko sesigaba esisodwa senzeke, kuphela i-grounding capacitor current iqukuqela kwindawo ephosakeleyo, eyenza ngokubanzi umonakalo omncinci.Kuphela xa i-grounding current ingaphezu kwe-5A, ukufakwa kwesigaba esisodwa sokukhusela umhlaba kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Xa i-grounding capacitor current yi-10A nangaphezulu, ukukhuselwa kunokusebenza ngomda wexesha lokuhamba; xa i-grounding capacitance current ingaphantsi kwe-10A, ukukhuselwa kunokusebenza ekukhutsheni okanye ukubonakaliswa.I-wiring kunye nokusetwa kwe-motor-single-phase ye-fault-fault protection iyafana nezo ze-line-single-phase-fault protection.

Ukukhuselwa kombane ophantsi

Xa amandla ombane ehla ixesha elifutshane okanye abuyiselwe emva kokuphazamiseka, iinjini ezininzi ziqala ngaxeshanye, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba amandla ombane abuyele ixesha elide okanye ade angakwazi ukuchacha.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuziqalela kweemoto ezibalulekileyo, ngenxa yeenjini ezingabalulekanga okanye inkqubo okanye izizathu zokhuseleko, akuvumelekanga ukuba ufakele ukhuseleko oluphantsi kwamandla ombane kwiimoto eziziqalela ngokulibaziseka ngaphambi kokukhubeka..

Ukukhuselwa kokugqithiswa

Ukulayisha ngaphezulu kwexesha elide kuya kubangela ukuba ubushushu bemoto bunyuke ngaphaya kwexabiso elivumelekileyo, kubangele ukugquma ukuguga kwaye kubangele ukusilela.Ke ngoko, ii-motor ezithanda ukugcwala kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngokhuseleko lomthwalo ogqithisileyo.Ngokuxhomekeke kukubaluleka kwemoto kunye neemeko apho ukugqithisa kwenzeka khona, isenzo sinokusetwa kwisignali, ukunciphisa umthwalo ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukukhubeka.

Ukhuseleko lwexesha elide lokuqalisa

Ixesha lokuqalisa le-reaction motor lide kakhulu. Xa ixesha lokuqalisa langempela lemoto lidlula ixesha elimiselweyo elivumelekileyo, ukhuseleko luya kuhamba.

Ukhuseleko lokutshisa

Iphendula ngokunyuka kokulandelelana okulungileyo kwangoku kwe-stator okanye ukwenzeka kokulandelelana okungahambi kakuhle okubangelwa nasiphi na isizathu, kubangela ukuba i-motor idlule, kwaye ukhuseleko lusebenza kwi-alamu okanye uhambo. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buthintela ukuqalisa kwakhona.

Ukhuselo lwerotor olumisiweyo (ulandelelwano olulungileyo ukhuseleko olugqithileyo)

Ukuba i-motor ivaliwe ngexesha lokuqalisa okanye ukuqhuba, isenzo sokukhusela siya kukhubeka. Kwiimoto ze-synchronous, ukukhuselwa ngaphandle kwamanyathelo, ukulahlekelwa kokukhusela ukukhuselwa kunye nokukhusela impembelelo ye-asynchronous kufuneka yongezwe.

Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-10-2023