Iibheringi, njengenxalenye eyimfuneko kunye nebalulekileyo yeemveliso zoomatshini, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni i-shaft ejikelezayo.Ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zokukhuhlana kwibheringi, ukuthwala kwahlulwe ibe yi-rolling friction bear (ekubhekiswa kuyo njenge-rolling bearing) kunye ne-sliding friction bear (ebizwa ngokuba yi-sliding bear).Iintlobo ezimbini zeebheringi zineempawu zazo kwisakhiwo kunye neenzuzo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle ekusebenzeni.

1. Ukuthelekiswa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neebheringi ezityibilikayo

1. Ukuthelekiswa kwesakhiwo kunye nemo yokunyakaza

Owona mahluko ucacileyo phakathi kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neebheringi ezicacileyo bubukho okanye ukungabikho kwezinto eziqengqelekayo.

(1) Iibherethi ezijikelezayo zinezinto ezijikelezayo (iibhola, i-cylindrical rollers, i-tapered rollers, ii-naliti ze-naliti), ezijikelezayo ukuxhasa i-shaft ejikelezayo, ngoko ke inxalenye yoqhagamshelwano inqaku, izinto ezijikelezayo ngakumbi, iindawo zoqhagamshelwano.

(2) I-sliding bearing ayinazo izinto ezijikelezayo, kwaye i-shaft ejikelezayo ixhaswa yindawo epholileyo, ngoko ke inxalenye yokudibanisa iyindawo. Umahluko kwisakhiwo phakathi kwezi zibini zinquma ukuba intshukumo ye-rolling bearing iqengqeleka, kwaye imowudi yokunyakaza ye-sliding bear is sliding, ngoko ke imeko yokuxubana ihluke ngokupheleleyo.

2. Ukuthelekiswa komthamo wokuthwala

Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulu lwendawo yeebheringi zokutyibilika, umthamo wokuthwala iibheringi ezityibilikayo uphezulu kunolo lweebheringi eziqengqelekayo, kwaye ukukwazi kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo ukumelana nomthwalo awukho phezulu, kodwa iibheringi ezilulwelo ngokupheleleyo. inokumelana nemithwalo yothuko emikhulu ngakumbi.Xa isantya sokujikeleza siphezulu, amandla e-centrifugal yezinto ezijikelezayo kwi-rolling bearing yanda, kwaye umthamo wayo wokuthwala kufuneka uncitshiswe (ingxolo ilungele ukuba yenzeke ngesantya esiphezulu).Kwiibheringi ze-hydrodynamic sliding, umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo uyanda njengoko isantya sokujikeleza sinyuka.

3. Ukuthelekiswa kwe-friction coefficient kunye nokuqala ukuxhathisa i-friction

Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, i-coefficient ye-friction ye-rolling bearings iphantsi kuneebheringi ze-sliding, kwaye ixabiso lizinzile.I-lubrication ye-sliding bearings ichaphazeleka lula ngezinto zangaphandle ezifana nesantya sokujikeleza kunye nokunyakaza, kwaye i-coefficient ye-friction iyahluka ngokubanzi.

Xa uqala, ekubeni i-sliding bearing ayikenzi ifilimu yeoli ezinzileyo, ukuchasana kukhulu kunokokujikeleza, kodwa ukuchasana kokuqala kwe-friction kunye ne-coefficient yokusebenza ye-hydrostatic sliding bear incinci kakhulu.

4. Uthelekiso olusebenzayo lwesantya sokusebenza

Ngenxa yokunciphisa amandla e-centrifugal yezinto ezijikelezayo kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa lokuthwala, i-rolling bearing ayikwazi ukujikeleza kakhulu, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ifanelekile kwiimeko zokusebenza zesantya esiphakathi kunye nesezantsi.Ngenxa yokufudumeza kunye nokunxiba kwebherethi, isantya sokusebenza solwelo olungaphelelanga lokuthwala i-lubricated akufanele lube phezulu kakhulu.Ukusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu se-liquid-lubricated bearing ngokupheleleyo kukuhle kakhulu, ngakumbi xa i-hydrostatic sliding bearing isebenzisa umoya njenge-lubricant, isantya sayo sinokufikelela kwi-100000r / min.

5. Ukuthelekiswa kokulahlekelwa kwamandla

Ngenxa ye-coefficient encinci ye-friction yeebheringi eziqengqelekayo, ilahleko yamandla ayiyonto inkulu, nto leyo incinci kuneebheringi ezingaphelelanga zolwelo, kodwa iya kwanda kakhulu xa ukuthambisa kunye nofakelo lungafanelekanga.Ilahleko yamandla olwelo olupheleleyo lweebheringi ezigcotyiweyo zisezantsi, kodwa kwiibheringi ze-hydrostatic sliding, ilahleko yamandla iyonke inokuba phezulu kunolo lweebheringi ze-hydrodynamic sliding ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla kwimpompo yeoli.

6. Ukuthelekiswa kobomi benkonzo

Ngenxa yempembelelo ye-pitting yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokudinwa, iibheringi eziqengqelekayo ziyilelwe ngokubanzi iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10, okanye zitshintshwe ngexesha lolungiso.Iipadi zokuthwala iibheringi ezingaphelelanga zolwelo zinxitywe kakhulu kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo.Ubomi bebheringi ethanjiswe ngokupheleleyo yolwelo abunasiphelo ngokwethiyori, kodwa ekusebenzeni, ngenxa yemijikelo yoxinzelelo, ngakumbi kwiibheringi ze-hydrodynamic sliding, i-bearing pad material inokufumana ukusilela kokudinwa.

7. Ukuthelekiswa kokuchaneka kokujikeleza

Ngenxa yokukhutshwa kweradial encinci yeebheringi eziqengqelekayo, ukuchaneka kokujikeleza kuphezulu.Ulwelo olungaphelelanga iibheringi ezithanjiswayo zikwimeko yokuthanjiswa komda okanye ukuthanjiswa okuxutyiweyo, kwaye umsebenzi awuzinzanga, ukunxiba kunzulu, kwaye ukuchaneka kuphantsi.Iibheringi ezithanjiswe ngokupheleleyo zolwelo zinokuchaneka okuphezulu ngenxa yobukho befilimu yeoli, i-buffering kunye ne-vibration absorption.I-hydrostatic sliding bearing inokuchaneka okuphezulu kokujikeleza.

8. Uthelekiso kwezinye iinkalo

Iibheringi eziqengqelekayo zisebenzisa ioyile, igrisi okanye ilubricant eqinileyo. Idosi incinci kakhulu, kwaye ithamo likhulu ngesantya esiphezulu. Ukucoceka kweoli kufuneka kube phezulu, ngoko ke kufuneka kutywinwe, kodwa ukuthwala kulula ukutshintshwa kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo akufuneki ukulungisa iphephancwadi.

Kwiibheringi ezityibilikayo, ngaphandle kweebheringi ezingaphelelanga, i-lubricant idla ngokuba lulwelo okanye igesi, kwaye isixa sikhulu, kunye nokucoceka kweoyile kuyafuneka. I-bearing bush idinga ukutshintshwa rhoqo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iphephancwadi lilungiswa.

2. Ukukhethwa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neebheringi ezityibilikayo

Ngenxa yobunzima kunye neemeko zokusebenza zangempela, akukho mgangatho odibeneyo wokukhethwa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neebheringi zokuslayida.Ngenxa ye-coefficient encinci ye-friction, ukuchasana kokuqala okuphantsi, ubuntununtunu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nomgangatho, iibheringi eziqengqelekayo zinokutshintshiselana okugqwesileyo kunye nokuguquguquka, kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, ukuthambisa kunye nokugcina. esetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Iibheringi zokutyibilika ngokwazo zineengenelo ezithile ezizodwa, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinye iimeko apho kungenzekiyo khona, kungenzeki okanye kungenalungelo lokusebenzisa iibheringi eziqengqelekayo, ezifana nezi zihlandlo zilandelayo:

1. Ubungakanani bendawo yeradial bukhawulelwe, okanye umcimbi kufuneka wahlulwe kwaye ufakwe

Ngenxa yendandatho yangaphakathi, i-ring yangaphandle, i-rolling body and cage in the structure of rolling bearing, ubukhulu be-radial bukhulu, kwaye isicelo silinganiselwe.Xa iimfuno zesayizi ye-radial zingqongqo, iibheringi zeenaliti zenaliti zingakhethwa. Xa kuyimfuneko, iibheringi zokutyibilika kufuneka zikhethwe.Kwimibhobho engafanelekanga, okanye ayikwazi ukufakwa kwi-axial direction, kunye neengxenye ezimele zifakwe ngokwahlukileyo, ii-bearings sliding bearings zisetyenziswa.

2. Izihlandlo ezichanekileyo

Xa iibheringi ezisetyenzisiweyo zineemfuno zokuchaneka okuphezulu, iibheringi zokutyibilika zikhethwa ngokubanzi, kuba ifilimu yeoli yokuthambisa yeebheringi ezityibilikayo inokuthintela kwaye ifunxe ukungcangcazela. Xa iimfuno ezichanekileyo ziphezulu kakhulu, kuphela iibheringi ze-hydrostatic sliding zingakhethwa.Ukuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo kunye noomatshini bokugaya obuchanekileyo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezichanekileyo, njl., iibheringi ze-sliding zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

3. Izihlandlo zomthwalo onzima

Iibherethi eziqengqelekayo, nokuba ziibhola zebhola okanye ii-roller bearings, ziqhelene nobushushu kunye nokudinwa kwizicelo zomthwalo onzima.Ke ngoko, xa umthwalo umkhulu, iibheringi zokutyibilika zihlala zisetyenziswa, ezinje ngee-rolling Mills, ii-injini zomphunga, izixhobo ze-aero-injini kunye noomatshini bemigodi.

4. Ezinye izihlandlo

Umzekelo, isantya sokusebenza siphezulu kakhulu, ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela kukhulu ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye ukusebenza emanzini okanye kwindawo emdaka kuyafuneka, kunye ne-sliding bear nayo inokukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Kuhlobo lomatshini kunye nezixhobo, ukusetyenziswa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo kunye neebheringi zokuslayida kuneengenelo kunye nokungonakali, kwaye kufuneka kukhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwenjineli yokwenene.Ngaphambili, izityumli ezinkulu neziphakathi ziqhele ukusebenzisa iibheringi zokutyibilika eziphoswe nge-babbitt alloys, kuba ziyakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo yempembelelo enkulu, kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nokunxiba kwaye zizinzile.Izityumza zemihlathi ezincinci zisebenzisa iibheringi eziqengqelekayo, ezinosulelo oluphezulu, zinobuntununtunu, kwaye kulula ukuzigcina.Ngophuculo lwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-rolling bearing, uninzi lwezityuli zemihlathi ezinkulu zisebenzisa iibheringi eziqengqelekayo.

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Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-08-2022