Kulo nyaka, ukongeza kwi-MG (SAIC)kunye neXpeng Motors, leyozazithengiswa kuqala eYurophu, zombini i-NIO kunye ne-BYD zisebenzise imakethi yaseYurophu njengento enkulu yokuqalisa.Ingqiqo enkulu icacile:
●Amazwe amakhulu aseYurophu iJamani, iFransi, i-Itali kunye namazwe amaninzi aseNtshona Yurophu anenkxaso-mali, kwaye amazwe aseNordic aya kuba nengeniso yerhafu emva kokuba inkxaso-mali iphelile. Iimodeli ezifanayo zinokuthengiswa ngexabiso eliphezulu eYurophu kunaseTshayina, kwaye zingenziwa eTshayina kwaye zithunyelwe eYurophu ngeprimiyamu.
●Iimodeli ezikhuthazwa ziinkampani zeemoto zaseYurophu eChina, ukusukela kwiBBA ukuya kwiVolkswagen, Toyota, Honda kunye neemoto zaseFrance, zonke ziyibonile ingxaki. I-iteration iyacotha, ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye kukho umsantsa phakathi kokhuphiswano lwethu kunye nokuvela.
▲ Umfanekiso 1. Ukuthengiswa kweenkampani zemoto eYurophu kwi-2022
Kwaye kutshanje, uMongameli we-ACEA kunye ne-CEO ye-BMW u-Oliver Zipse wenze amagqabantshintshi ngamanye amaxesha: "Ukuqinisekisa ukubuyela ekukhuleni kunye nemarike enkulu ekuthengisweni kweemoto zombane, iYurophu ngokukhawuleza ifuna ukuseka iimeko zesikhokelo ezifanelekileyo, ikhonkco elikhulu lokubonelela ngeYurophu. . Ukomelela, uMthetho we-EU we-Critical Raw Materials Act ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngobuchule kwimathiriyeli ekrwada efunekayo kwizithuthi zombane, kunye nokukhutshwa okukhawulezileyo kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja. Iziganeko ezinkulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ezifana neBrexit, ubhubhani we-coronavirus, ukubonelela ngeebhotile zesemiconductor kunye nemfazwe yaseRussia-Ukrainian, Ezi ziganeko zibe nefuthe kumaxabiso kunye nonikezelo lwamandla, kunye nesantya, ubunzulu kunye nokungaqiniseki apho umhlaba ukhoyo. ukutshintsha. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwimeko ye-geopolitical, apho amashishini kunye namatyathanga awo exabiso adityaniswe ngokuqinileyo anefuthe elithe ngqo. "
Ukuyibeka ngokulula, izithintelo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo eYurophu zinempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lweenkampani zemoto zaseYurophu. Idityaniswe nemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo, ishishini le-auto laseYurophu likwixesha elibuthathaka.I-ACEA ihlaziye uqikelelo lwayo lokuqala lokuba imakethi yeemoto ze-EU iya kubuyela ekukhuleni ngo-2022, ixela enye indibaniselwano kulo nyaka, phantsi kwe-1% ukuya kwi-9.6 yezigidi zeeyunithi.Xa kuthelekiswa namanani ka-2019, ukuthengiswa kweemoto kwehle nge-26% kwiminyaka nje emithathu.
▲Umfanekiso 2.Ukuthengiswa kweemoto eYurophu
Ngapha koko, xa iinkampani zemoto zaseTshayina zingena eYurophu ngeli xesha, azazi ukuba yimalini na ezenza ngokweenzuzo zoqoqosho, kodwa imicelimngeni yejografi iya kuba nkulu.Ufumana iibhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni, kwaye imiba ye-geopolitical eziswayo inokufuna ukuphononongwa ngononophelo. Oku kufana nemeko yeenkampani zemoto zaseJapan ezingena kwimarike yase-US.Into ekufuneka uyiqaphele kukuba unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu abaqeshwayo kunye neshishini lemoto eYurophu, kwaye iingxaki zezoqoqosho kunye neZZ ezilandelayo zinemvelaphi efanayo.
▲Umfanekiso 3.Imiba yengqesho inxulumene ngqo nezopolitiko eYurophu
Icandelo loku-1
Ukuvela kweshishini leemoto kwihlabathi liphela
Njengoko amazwe avelisa iimoto ekhuphisana kwintengiso ngokuchasene nemeko yokwehla kwemfuno yeemoto kwihlabathi, yonyusa umthamo wokusetyenziswa.Lonke ukhuphiswano olusuka kwiimveliso zemoto ukuya kukhuphiswano lwentengiso alunakuphepheka, kwaye kulula ukukhuphisana kwimarike yasekhaya.
▲Umfanekiso 4.Imeko yemveliso yeemoto zehlabathi
Sibona umngeni omkhulu kakhulu eYurophu, apho unokubona ngezantsi, ukuveliswa kweemoto zaseYurophu kuye kwancipha iminyaka emi-4 ngokulandelelana.
▲Umfanekiso 5.Isishwankathelo semveliso yeemoto zaseYurophu
Ngo-2021, i-EU iya kuthumela ngaphandle kwe-5.1 yezigidi zeemoto zabakhweli, kwaye iimoto zabakhweli be-EU zikwindawo ezili-10 eziphezulu zehlabathi.(UK, US, China, Turkey, Ukraine, Switzerland, Japan, South Korea, Norway kunye namazwe akuMbindi Mpuma).
Ngokuchaseneyo nentelekelelo yomntu wonke, inani leemoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ukusuka eYurophu ukuya eTshayina ngama-410,000 kuphela ngonyaka.Inokuhla ngo-2022. Kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, amalungelo kunye nomdla kwishishini le-auto laseYurophu e-China ikakhulu lijikeleza kutyalo-mali lwasekhaya kwishishini le-auto laseJamani, kunye nezinye iimoto ezivela kwamanye amazwe.
▲Umfanekiso 6.Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweenkampani zemoto zaseYurophu
Ngokutsho kwedatha ye-IHS, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Agasti 2022, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla ezitsha zamandla ehlabathi kufikelele kwi-7.83 yezigidi zeeyunithi, kwaye izithuthi zaseTshayina zamandla amatsha zibalelwa kwi-38.6% yemarike; IYurophu ibiyeyesibini ngobukhulu imakethi, inesabelo semarike esingama-27.2%.Phakathi kwazo, ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele kwezithuthi ezihlambulukileyo zombane zaziyi-5.05 yezigidi zeeyunithi, kunye neenqwelo zombane ezihlambulukileyo zaseChina zibalelwa kwi-46.2%; IYurophu ibiyeyesibini ngobukhulu kwimakethi ehlabathini, inesabelo semalike esingama-21.8%.
Icandelo lesi-2
Iinkampani zemoto zaseTshayina eYurophu
Siyabona ukuba iinkampani zaseTshayina zamandla amatsha zisasebenza kakhulu eYurophu ngeli xesha:
●Kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, i-BYD yamemezela ukusebenzisana noHedin Mobility, iqela eliphambili labathengisi kwishishini laseYurophu, ukubonelela ngemveliso yemoto yamandla amatsha aphezulu kwiimarike zaseSweden naseJamani.
●Ekuqaleni kuka-Oktobha, i-NIO ibambe umcimbi we-NIO Berlin 2022 eBerlin, ibhengeza ngokusemthethweni ukuba iya kwamkela imodeli yokubhalisa entsha yokubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkqubo epheleleyo eJamani, eNetherlands, eDenmark naseSweden, kwaye ivule i-ET7, EL7 kunye ET5 ezintathu iimodeli zeqonga le-NIO NT2. Ukubhukisha.
Ngapha koko, sibona iibrendi zaseTshayina iMG, Chase kubandakanya iGeely's Polestar zonke zithengiswa eYurophu.Ukuqonda kwam kukuba, ukuba ufuna ukuhlala kwimarike eYurophu, indlela yokungena ibaluleke kakhulu.
IYurophu iphinde yabhengeza iMimiselo yeBattery ye-EU, equka zonke izigaba zomjikelo wobomi bebhetri: ukusuka kwimveliso kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza zebhetri, ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zebhetri, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iibhetri eziye zachithwa kunye nokuphela kobomi.Ukuphendula kwiimfuno ezitsha ezibekwe phambili kwimimiselo emitsha, amashishini kufuneka athathe amanyathelo kwangexesha ekuphuhliseni imveliso, ukuthengwa kwempahla ekrwada kunye nolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela, kunye nokuqulunqa nokuphumeza izicwangciso zempendulo zexesha eliphakathi nelide.Enyanisweni, lo mmiselo webhetri uza kuzisa imingeni eninzi kwikhonkco lexabiso lebhetri, ngakumbi isithuthi samandla esitsha kunye nabavelisi bebhetri bamandla ukungena kwimarike ye-EU.
▲Umfanekiso 7. Imigaqo yebhetri yaseYurophu
UMongameli weKhomishini yaseYurophu u-von der Leyen uthe ngoSeptemba ukuba i-EU idinga ukuqinisa ubudlelwane kunye namazwe athembekileyo kunye nemimandla ebalulekileyo yokukhula, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwe-lithium kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo ukuqhuba utshintsho kuqoqosho oluluhlaza.Uzakunyanzelisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezivumelwano zorhwebo neChile, iMexico neNew Zealand, kwaye asebenzele ukuqhubela phambili uthethathethwano namahlakani afana neAustralia neIndiya.I-EU kufuneka igweme ukuxhomekeka kwioli kunye negesi ekutshintsheni kuqoqosho oluluhlaza, wabonisa ukuba ngoku siqhuba i-90% yomhlaba onqabileyo kunye ne-60% ye-lithium.IKhomishini yaseYurophu iya kuzisa umthetho omtsha, iUMthetho weMathiriyeli eCwangcisiweyo yaseYurophu, ukuchonga iiprojekthi ezinokubakho zeqhinga kunye nokwakha oovimba kwiindawo ezisemngciphekweni wokubonelela.Nokuba iya kufana ne-IRA e-United States kwixesha elizayo, sonke kufuneka sixoxe.
▲Umfanekiso 8.Ihlabathi liye lahluka
Isishwankathelo: Kwireferensi yakho, ndivakalelwa kukuba indlela eya ekunyukeni kweshishini izele ngameva kwaye ayinakukhawuleziswa okwethutyana.Kufuneka kubekho imbono ebanzi ngakumbi ngale ngxaki.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-15-2022