Ukuthunyelwa kweemoto zasekhaya kumazwe angaphandle konyuka ukusukela ekuqaleni konyaka. Kwikota yokuqala, iimoto zelizwe lam ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ziye zagqitha eJapan ukuze ibe lelona lizwe lithumela iimoto kumazwe angaphandle. Eli shishini lilindele ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuya kufikelela kwizithuthi ezizizigidi ezi-4 kulo nyaka, nto leyo eyenza ibe lelona lizwe lithumela iimoto kumazwe angaphandle. Ukuba sibuyela ngaphambi kowama-2019, ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zasekhaya, ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemoto zabakhweli, bezilawulwa zizithuthi zombane ezinesantya esiphantsi. Nangona kungekho datha esemthethweni malunga nokuthunyelwa kwezithuthi ezihamba ngesantya esiphantsi, kujongwe ukusebenza kwezinye iinkampani kushishino, imfuno yentengiso isasebenza.
Ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo, iphephandaba lase-Egypt Dawn lapapasha inqaku elibonisa ukuba ngenxa yenzuzo yexabiso leemoto zombane ezinesantya esiphantsi kunye nendima emibini yamazwe ase-Afrika ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokukhuthaza amandla acocekileyo, izithuthi zaseTshayina ezinesantya esiphantsi zingena. Imarike yaseAfrika, kwaye iTopiya yeyokuqala ukuyizama. Le ngxelo iveze ukuba phantsi kweempembelelo ze-Ethiopia, liya lisanda amazwe ase-Afrika azakulandela lo mzekelo kwixesha elizayo.
I-Global Times yabika kwaye yahlalutya ngexesha elifanayo ukuba i-Afrika ngoku inemarike yomsebenzisi ye-1.4 yezigidigidi, apho abantu abatsha bathatha i-70% ephezulu, kwaye abantu abatsha e-Afrika baya kuba negunya eliphambili lokukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwe-low- izithuthi zesantya.
UMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia kunye noMzantsi Asia unoxinano oluphezulu lwabemi, kwaye imarike enkulu yasekhaya ye-tuk-tuk ikwayindawo apho iimoto ezinesantya esiphantsi zinokungena khona. Ukongeza, imakethi yengingqi inendawo enkulu kakhulu yokuphucula ukuhamba. Xa sithatha urhwebo lwaseIndiya njengomzekelo, imakethi yemoto enamavili amabini kunye namavili amathathu yenza i-80%. Ngo-2020 kuphela, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zaseIndiya ezinamavili amabini kwafikelela kwi-16 yezigidi, kodwa ukuthengiswa kweemoto zabakhweli kwangelo xesha kwakungaphantsi kwe-3 yezigidi. Njengemarike enokubakho "yokuphuculwa" kwezixhobo zothutho, ngokungathandabuzekiyo yikeyiki iinkampani zasekhaya ezinesantya esiphantsi azinakuphoswa.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho iimoto ezihamba ngesantya esiphantsi ezithatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso yorhwebo yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, kuMboniso wesithathu we-China-Afrika wezoQoqosho noRhwebo, iinkampani ezininzi zaseJiangsu, eHebei naseHenan zenze umboniso wemveliso yazo yezithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi.
Ukongeza, izithuthi zebala lombane¹ kunye ne-UTV² zikwangamacandelo emarike anesakhono esikhulu. Kuyaqondwa ukuba iinqwelo zegalufa okwangoku zolona hlobo lwezithuthi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kwaye imakethi yokuthumela ngaphandle igxile kuMntla Merika, eYurophu nakummandla weAsia-Pacific. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-Guanyan Report Network, le marike ibala ngaphezu kwe-95% iyonke. Idatha yokuthumela ngaphandle ngo-2022 ibonise ukuba i-181,800 yezithuthi zasekhaya zathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukunyuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-55.38%. Ulwazi olululo lwentengiso lubonisa ukuba ukusukela ngo-2015 ukuya kowama-2022, ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zasekhaya kumazwe angaphandle bekukwinqanaba eliphezulu lokukhula unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kuye kwaba lulutho olupheleleyo lwezithuthi zasekhaya ekukhuphisaneni phesheya.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukufakelwa kombane kwiimodeli ze-UTV ikakhulu kukuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo, eya kuba lithuba elitsha kwezinye iinkampani zezithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi. Ngokwedatha yophando yeBetz Consulting, ubungakanani bemakethi ye-UTV yasekhaya buya kuba yi-3.387 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2022, kwaye ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi buya kuba yi-33.865 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ubungakanani bubonke buya kudlula 40 billion yuan ngo-2028.
Ngoko ke,nokuba isetyenziswe njengendlela yokuhamba yemihla ngemihla okanye indlela yokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa kwezothutho, imveliso kunye nophando lwamandla eenkampani zasekhaya ezinesantya esiphantsi zinokugubungela olu hlobo lweemveliso ezicandekileyo.
Kungekudala, i-"Xuzhou Daily" ibike ukuba i-Jiangsu Jinzhi New Energy Vehicle Industry, i-subsidiary ye-Jinpeng Group, okwangoku iphumelele ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi ezihamba ngesantya esiphantsi eTurkey, ePakistan, e-Austria nakwamanye amazwe kunye nemimandla. Ukongeza, iHongri, iZongshen, iDayang kunye nezinye iinkokheli zoshishino nazo zinokuthunyelwa kwexesha elide kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2020, kwiNkomfa ye-Global Intelligent Mobility Conference (GIMC 2020) eyayibanjelwe eNanjing, "IiNdaba zangokuhlwa zaseYangtze" zanika ingqalelo kwinkampani yemoto enesantya esiphantsi: iNanjing Jiayuan. I-"Yangtze Evening News" isetyenziswe "ingaziwa ngokungaqhelekanga" ukuchaza le nkampani yesithuthi esinesantya esiphantsi esakhe sasungula imodeli yeenkwenkwezi ze-Spirit Clan kwimarike ephantsi ngesantya. Ingxelo iphinde yaveza ukuba ngelo xesha, uNanjing Jiayuan wayethumele iimveliso ezinxulumeneyo kumazwe angaphezu kwama-40 kunye nemimandla kwimarike yokuthumela ngaphandle. Imodeli entsha ye-Jiayuan KOMI etyhilwe kwintlanganiso yaphuhliswa kwaye iyilwe ngokuhambelana nemithetho ye-EU M1 yeemoto zabakhweli, kwaye yaphumelela ungquzulwano olungqongqo lwangaphambili lwe-EU, ukungqubana kwe-offset, ukungqubana kwecala kunye nolunye uvavanyo lokhuseleko. Ekuqaleni konyaka ophelileyo, iJiayuan yabhengeza ngokusemthethweni ukuba ifumene isiqinisekiso sokuthumela ngaphandle imodeli ye-EU M1, kwaye imodeli ye-KOMI nayo ingene ngokusesikweni kwimarike yokuthumela ngaphandle.
Ngokucacileyo, ayizizo zonke iinkampani zezithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi ezinamandla okuthatha le ndlela. Ukuthatha isitokhwe kwiinkampani zangoku, ukuba i-quota enye iya kongezwa, ishishini liqikelela ukuba yiHongri kuphela enethuba. Ukongeza kule ndlela yotshintsho, mangaphi amathuba akhoyo kwizithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi?
Okokuqala, qhubeka nokutshona. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, emva kokugqitywa kothotho lolwakhiwo oluhle lwasemaphandleni, iindlela zasemaphandleni ziye zenziwa zaqina zaza zandiswa, yaye iimeko ziye zaphucuka ngakumbi. Ayiphelelanga nje ekudityanisweni kweelali, kodwa nemizi idityanisiwe. Ngokuchaseneyo nokuphuculwa kweziseko zophuhliso, izithuthi zikawonke-wonke zasemaphandleni bezisoloko zibambekile. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kuthiwe iinkampani zezithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi zineengenelo ezininzi ekudaleni iimodeli ezithengiswayo kule ndawo zizikayo.
Okwesibini, funa ukuya phesheya kolwandle. Ukwandiswa phesheya kweemoto ezihamba ngesantya esisezantsi akukhona nje "ukuthatha-njengoko-kukhona" kweemveliso ezikhoyo. Amanqaku amaninzi kufuneka aqatshelwe: okokuqala, ukuqonda okucacileyo malunga nemarike ekujoliswe kuyo phesheya kuyafuneka, kubandakanywa imfuno, isikali, iimveliso ezikhuphisanayo, imimiselo, imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neminye imiba; okwesibini, umbono wophuhliso lweemveliso ezithengiswayo ngokujonga umahluko kwiimarike zaphesheya; okwesithathu, ukufumana amacandelo amatsha kunye nokudala iziphumo zophawu lwaphesheya, njenge-UTV yombane, iinqwelo zegalufa, iimoto zokugada, kunye neemveliso zothotho lwezococeko eziphuhliswe ngokusekwe kwi-chassis yemoto enesantya esiphantsi.
Njengoko ii-capillaries zecandelo lokuvelisa i-industrial, indima yentlalontle edlalwa ziinkampani zezithuthi ezihamba ngesantya esiphantsi ayinakungahoywa.Kwiinkampani ezininzi zeemoto, indlela yokuphuma kwinguqu isasekelwe kwintsimi abayiqhelileyo.Mhlawumbi, njengoko amajelo eendaba eqhula eqhula, “Ihlabathi alifutshane kwiimoto ezintsha zemidlalo okanye iiSUVs, kodwa lisakufutshane neLao Tou Le embalwa ekumgangatho ophezulu (amanye amajelo eendaba abiza izithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi) ezisuka eTshayina.”
Phawula:
1. Isithuthi sasendle: sisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi, kwiindawo zegalufa, kwiindawo zefektri, iipatroli kunye nezinye iindawo, ngoko ke ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo, inokwahlulwa ibe ziimoto zokubuka indawo, iinqwelo zegalufa, iinqwelo zokugada, njl.
2. I-UTV: Sisishunqulelo se-Utility Terrain Vehicle, esithetha isithuthi esisebenza kuzo zonke iindawo, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-multi-functional all-terrain vehicle, efanelekileyo elunxwemeni ngaphandle kwendlela, ulonwabo nolonwabo, ukuthuthwa kwemithwalo entabeni, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2024