Ukuthwala ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kuhlala kungumxholo oshushu kwiimveliso zeemoto zombane. Siye sathetha kakhulu kumanqaku angaphambili, njengokuthwala iingxaki zesandi, iingxaki zangoku zeshaft, ukuthwala iingxaki zokufudumeza njalo njalo. Ingqwalasela yeli nqaku kukukhutshwa kwemoto, oko kukuthi, phantsi kweyiphi i-clearance state ukuthwala kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuze i-bearing isebenze kakuhle, i-radial clearance ibaluleke kakhulu. Imigaqo ngokubanzi yolawulo kunye nokulawula: Ukukhutshwa kokusebenza kweebheringi zebhola kufuneka kube nguziro, okanye ube nokulayisha kwangaphambili okuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, kwiibherethi ezifana ne-cylindrical rollers kunye ne-spherical rollers, umlinganiselo othile wokukhutshwa okushiyekileyo kufuneka ushiywe ngexesha lokusebenza, nokuba yinto encinci yokucima.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, kufuneka imvume yokusebenza efanelekileyo okanye engalunganga kwilungiselelo lokuthwala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imvume yokusebenza kufuneka ibe yixabiso elihle, oko kukuthi, xa i-bearing iqhuba, kukho imvume ethile eseleyo. Kwelinye icala, zininzi izicelo ezifuna imvume yokusebenza engalunganga – oko kukuthi, ukulayisha kwangaphambili.
Ukulayisha kwangaphambili ngokuqhelekileyo kulungelelaniswa ngexesha lofakelo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi (oko kukuthi, ligqitywe ngexesha loyilo kunye nenqanaba lokwenziwa kwemoto). Ukuba ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-shaft kukhulu kunesihlalo sokuthwala ngexesha lokusebenza, ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kuya kwanda.
Xa i-shaft ishushu kwaye yandiswa, ububanzi be-shaft buya kwanda kwaye buya kwandisa. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yokwandiswa kwe-radial, ukukhutshwa kwe-radial yokuthwala kuya kuncipha, oko kukuthi, ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kuya kwanda. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yokwandiswa kwe-axial, ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kuya kwandiswa ngakumbi, kodwa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kwe-back-to-back bearing arrangement kuya kuncitshiswa. Kulungiselelo lokuthwala umva ukuya ngasemva, ukuba kukho umgama onikiweyo phakathi kweebheringi kunye neebheringi kunye namacandelo ahambelanayo ane-coefficient efanayo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal, imiphumo yokwandiswa kwe-radial kunye nokwandiswa kwe-axial kwi-preload iya kurhoxisa enye kwenye, ngoko ke. ukulayisha kwangaphambili akuyi kwenzeka Ukwahluka.
Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthwala i-preload ibandakanya: ukuphucula ukuqina, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwesikhokelo se-shaft, ukuhlawulela ukugqoka ngexesha lokusebenza, ukwandisa ubomi bokusebenza, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina. Ubulukhuni bokuthwala ngumlinganiselo wamandla asebenzayo kwi-bearing kwi-deformation yayo elastic. I-deformation ye-elastic ebangelwa ngumthwalo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile lwe-preloaded i-preloaded luncinci kunelo lokuthwala ngaphandle kokulayisha kwangaphambili.
Incinci i-clean clearance yokusebenza kwe-bearing, ingcono isikhokelo sezinto eziqengqelekayo kwindawo engenamthwalo kwaye iphantsi ingxolo yentsimbi ngexesha lokusebenza.Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yokulayishwa kwangaphambili, ukuphambuka kwe-shaft ngenxa yomkhosi kuya kuncitshiswe, ngoko ukuchaneka kwesikhokelo se-shaft kunokuphuculwa. Umzekelo, iibheringi zegiya zepinion kunye nokwahluka kweebheringi zegiya kunokulayishwa kwangaphambili ukuphucula ukuqina kunye nokuchaneka kwesikhokelo se-shaft, ukwenza i-meshing yeegiya ichaneke ngakumbi kwaye izinzile, kunye nokunciphisa amandla ongezelelweyo aguqukayo. Ngoko kuya kubakho ingxolo encinci ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye iigiya zinokuba nobomi obude bokusebenza. Iibheringi ziya kwandisa ukukhutshwa ngenxa yokugqoka ngexesha lokusebenza, ezinokuhlawulelwa ngokulayishwa kwangaphambili. Kwezinye izicelo, ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kwelungiselelo lokuthwala kunokuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo. Ukulayisha kwangaphambili okufanelekileyo kunokwenza ukuhanjiswa komthwalo ekuthwaleni ngakumbi, ukuze kube nobomi obude bokusebenza.
Xa umisela ukulayisha kwangaphambili kwilungiselelo lokuthwala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kudlula ixabiso elithile elimiselweyo, ukuqina kunokunyuswa kuphela kwinqanaba elilinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuba ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokushisa okubangelwayo kuya kwanda, ukuba kukho umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwaye usebenza ixesha elide, ubomi bokusebenza bokuthwala buya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.
Ukongezelela, xa ulungelelanisa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kwilungiselelo lokuthwala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubungakanani bokulayishwa kwangaphambili bugqitywe ngokubala okanye ngamava, ukuphambuka kwayo kufuneka kulawulwe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile. Ngokomzekelo, kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kweebherethi ze-tapered roller, ukuthwala kufuneka kujikelezwe ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-roller ayiguquki, kwaye isiphelo sobuso be-roller kufuneka sidibanise kakuhle kunye neembambo zendandatho yangaphakathi. Ngaphandle koko, iziphumo ezifunyenwe kuhlolo okanye umlinganiselo aziyonyani, ukuze ukulayisha kwangaphambili kube kuncinci kakhulu kunokufuneka.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-10-2023