Intshayelelo:Ngoku amathuba eenkampani zetshiphu zeemoto zalapha acace gca.Njengoko ishishini leemoto litshintsha iindlela ukusuka kwizithuthi zamafutha ukuya kwimithombo yamandla emitsha, ilizwe lam liphumelele ikona kumandla ombane amatsha kwaye liphambili kolu shishino. Kwisiqingatha sesibini sobukrelekrele, i-United States ithatha indawo entsha yehlabathi.Ngokombono wepatheni yetshiphu yeemoto zehlabathi, iUnited States ingamandla abaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuphindaphindwa kweshishini, ukubaluleka kwekhompyuter ephezulu yokusebenza kwikamva lobukrelekrele bemoto kuyabonakala. I-NVIDIA, i-Qualcomm kunye nezinye ii-chip giants kwiindawo ezingezizo ezemoto Bangene bonke.
Kwixesha elizayo, akunakubakho i-oligopoly enye kuphelakwintsimi yeetshiphusi zeemoto,I-China ikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweetshiphusi. Ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko lolwazi, iitshiphusi zasekhaya zineenzuzo ezinkulu.Kwangaxeshanye, iinkampani zeemoto ziya kuba neemfuno zobonelelo lwasekhaya, kwaye iinkampani zetshiphu zasekhaya ziya kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zibambe. Ukuba ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwezithuthi zamandla amatshaibizwa ngokuba "ukutshintsha iindlela kunye nokugqithisa", ngoko ukukhula kunye nokuvela kweetshiphusi zasekhaya kunokuchazwa ngokuthi "ukuphumelela kwaye kulula ukuvela".Ukutshintshwa kwasekhaya kuphuhliswe kakuhle kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, phantsi kwemeko encomekayo yemizi-mveliso, iinkampani ezininzi zetshiphu ziye zalixhakamfula ithuba lokungena kushishino lweemoto.
Ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane kunye nobudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe, ubudlelwane bokubonelela ngamazwe ngamazwe kwiimveliso ze-automotive chip kunye neemveliso ezinyukayo ziye zachaphazeleka kakhulu, kwaye ukunqongophala kwetsheyini yoshishino lwetshiphu ezimeleyo kunye nokulawulwayo ngunobangela weengxaki zokhuseleko ezikhoyo kwilizwe lam. ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso, elibonakaliswe ikakhulu kuKunqongophala kweenkampani zecandelo letshiphu ezingundoqo zasekhaya, ukunqongophala kwesakhono sokuyila sokuqala kushishino lwetshiphu yeemoto, kunye nokungabikho kweenkqubo ezisemgangathweni ezinxulumene netshiphu kunye neendlela zokuqinisekisa.Ukujonga imeko yangoku, iitshiphusi zemoto zinzima kakhulu ukwenza kuneefowuni zefowuni eziphathwayo. Kweli nqanaba, ubukhulu becala baxhomekeke ekuthengeni ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe angaphandle nawo ayacima ukubonelela. Ukuba uphando oluzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso luchaphazelekayo, akukho minyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu eya kwanela.Ngokunyuka okuthe kratya kwemfuno, kukholelwa ukuba ishishini lokwenziwa kweemoto laseTshayina liya kunyukela kwikhonkco lonikezelo olukumgangatho ophezulu kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokukhawuleza kombane, uthungelwano kunye nobukrelekrele, inqanaba lolwazi lweemoto liye laphuculwa ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweechips kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza.Kwasekuqaleni, izixhobo ezikwinqwelo-mafutha yayizezomatshini; kunye nophuhliso lweshishini lombane, ezinye iinkqubo zolawulo lwemoto zaqala ukutshintsha ukusuka kumatshini ukuya kwi-elektroniki.Okwangoku, iitshiphusi zeemoto zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nenkqubo yamandla, umzimba, indawo yokulala, i-chassis kunye nokhuseleko.Umahluko phakathi kweetshiphusi zeemoto kunye nekhompyuter kunye neetshiphusi ze-elektroniki zabathengi kukuba iitshiphusi zemoto azifane zivele zodwa, zifakwe kwiiyunithi eziphambili zokusebenza, kwaye zingundoqo kwiimeko ezininzi.
Kwiingxelo zemihla ngemihla kwiinjini zemoto kunye neenxalenye zemoto, kunokubakho ukuqonda okuncinci kweechips. Okwangoku, abavelisi be-chip yemoto baye basuka ekusasazeni ukuya kugxininiso, kwaye baqala imveliso enzulu. Ngophuhliso lweshishini leemoto, imfuno yeetshiphusi zemoto iya kuqhubeka ikhula.Ishishini letshiphu leemoto laseTshayina ligxile ikakhulu eShanghai, eGuangdong, eBeijing naseJiangsu. Iimveliso zetshiphu ikakhulu ziitshiphusi ze-AI kunye neetshiphusi zekhompyutha. Amashishini angasentla eetshiphusi ikakhulu zii-silicon wafers, Semiconductorizixhobo, uyilo lwetshiphu kunye nokupakishwa kunye novavanyo.Amasebe karhulumente, imizi-mveliso kunye namashishini sele eqalisile ukufuna iindlela zokuyinqanda le meko ngokusungulwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo, amaphulo adibeneyo kunye nentsebenziswano, kunye nophando oluyilayo nophuhliso.
Xa sijonga imeko yangoku yeshishini lelizwe lam, utshintsho olukrelekrele lweemoto luzise amathuba amatsha ophuhliso kulo lonke ikhonkco loshishino oluphezulu. Ukusuka kwiitshiphusi ukuya kwiinkqubo zokusebenza, ukuya kwisoftware, kwizicelo kunye nothotho lwetekhnoloji engundoqo, ishishini leemoto ligcina kakhulu kwaye liyathandabuza ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezitsha zomboneleli, kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nokunqongophala kokubonelela, abavelisi basekhaya sele beqalisile ukwamkela ababoneleli basekhaya, kodwa ngeli xesha ifestile ayikhululekanga, kwaye i-2025 iya kuba sisitshixo samanzi.Idatha "ligazi" lesizukulwana esilandelayo seemoto ezihlakaniphile. Isalathiso senguquko yoyilo lwe-elektroniki kunye nombane kukuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu sedatha enkulu kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela ixhasa ngakumbi imisebenzi esetyenzisiweyo kuyo. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenzwa kwedatha, efuna iitshiphusi zamandla ekhompyuter ezomeleleyo ukuxhasa ukuvela kombane kunye ne-electronic architectures.
Ixhaswe yimigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe, iitshiphusi zemoto zii-semiconductors, kunye nezixhobo zala maxesha eziphucukileyo ezifana neeselfowuni kunye neekhompyuter kufuneka zisebenzise iitshiphusi zesemiconductor. Ke ngoko, amasebe afanelekileyo abona ukubaluleka kophuhliso lweli shishini kwaye aphehlelele imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo yeshishini kunye nezicwangciso zophuhliso amaxesha amaninzi.Ukuqaliswa kwezi zicwangciso kusombulula iingxaki zemali zamashishini amancinci, kwenza ukuba imarike ye-chip yemoto ichume, kwaye kwangaxeshanye iphucula isakhono sokudala samashishini, esidlale indima engenakucimeka ekuphuculweni kwesakhiwo semizi-mveliso.Ngenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo, ngakumbi nangakumbi iinkampani ziya ziba nkulu kwaye zomelele, kwaye imfuno yentengiso yeetshiphusi zeemoto iyaqhubeka nokunyuka. Kwixesha elizayo, abavelisi abakhulu beemoto zasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba basebenzise iitshiphusi zeemoto kwinqanaba elikhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-28-2022