Intshayelelo: Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri yamandla (BMS) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nobomi benkonzo yeepakethi zebhetri yemoto yombane kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yebhetri. Ngokwesiqhelo, amandla ombane omntu ngamnye, i-voltage iyonke, yangoku kunye neqondo lobushushu lijongwa kwaye lithathwa njengesampulu ngexesha lokwenyani, kwaye iiparamitha zexesha lokwenyani zibuyiselwa kumlawuli wesithuthi.
Ukuba inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri yamandla ayiphumelelanga, ukubekw' esweni kwebhetri kuya kulahleka, kwaye nemeko yokutshaja kwebhetri ayinakuqikelelwa. nokuba ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.
Oku kulandelayo kuluhlu lweentlobo zempazamo eziqhelekileyo zeenkqubo zokulawula ibhetri yamandla emoto yombane, kwaye ihlalutye ngokufutshane izizathu ezinokuthi zibangele, kwaye zibonelela ngeengcamango zokuhlalutya eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokucubungula ukubhekisela.
Iintlobo zeempazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zonyango zenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri yamandla
Iintlobo zempazamo eqhelekileyo yenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri yamandla (BMS) ibandakanya: Impazamo yonxibelelwano lweCAN, iBMS engasebenzi kakuhle, ukufumana amandla ombane angaqhelekanga, ukufumana ubushushu obungaqhelekanga, impazamo yokugquma, impazamo yokulinganisa umbane wangaphakathi nangaphandle, impazamo yokutshaja kwangaphambili, ayikwazi ukuhlawulisa. , impazamo yokubonisa yangoku engaqhelekanga, ukungaphumeleli kwe-interlock yamandla ombane aphezulu, njl.
1. INGABE ukusilela konxibelelwano
Ukuba intambo ye-CAN okanye intambo yamandla ivaliwe, okanye i-terminal irhoxisiwe, iya kubangela ukusilela konxibelelwano. Kwimeko yokuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla oluqhelekileyo lwe-BMS, hlengahlengisa i-multimeter kwigiya yombane ye-DC, chukumisa uvavanyo olubomvu olukhokelela kwi-CANH yangaphakathi, kunye novavanyo olumnyama olukhokelela ekuchukumiseni i-CANL yangaphakathi, kwaye ulinganise amandla ombane ophumayo umgca wonxibelelwano, oko kukuthi, i-voltage phakathi kwe-CANH kunye ne-CANL ngaphakathi komgca wonxibelelwano. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lombane li malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-5V. Ukuba ixabiso le-voltage aliqhelekanga, kunokugwetywa ukuba i-hardware ye-BMS inephutha kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe.
2. I-BMS ayisebenzi kakuhle
Xa le nto isenzeka, le miba ilandelayo inokuqwalaselwa ikakhulu:
(1) Amandla ombane ombane we-BMS: Okokuqala, jonga ukuba amandla ombane ombane wesithuthi ukuya kwi-BMS anemveliso ezinzileyo kwisidibanisi sesithuthi.
(2) Uxhulumaniso olungathembekanga lomgca we-CAN okanye umbane we-low-voltage: Uxhulumaniso olungathembekanga lomgca we-CAN okanye umgca wokuphuma kwamandla kuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli konxibelelwano. Umgca wonxibelelwano kunye nomgca wamandla ukusuka kwibhodi ephambili ukuya kwibhodi yekhoboka okanye ibhodi ye-high-voltage kufuneka ihlolwe. Ukuba i-harness yokuqhawula i-wiring ifunyenwe, kufuneka itshintshwe okanye iphinde ixhunywe.
(3) Ukurhoxiswa okanye umonakalo wekhonkco: Ukurhoxiswa kweplagi ye-aviation ye-low-voltage yonxibelelwano kuya kubangela ukuba ibhodi yekhoboka ingabi namandla okanye idatha esuka kwibhodi yekhoboka ukuba ingakwazi ukudluliselwa kwibhodi enkulu. Iplagi kunye nesiqhagamshelo kufuneka zitshekishwe kwaye zitshintshwe ukuba zifunyenwe zirhoxiwe okanye zonakele.
(4) Lawula ibhodi ephambili: buyisela ibhodi yokubeka iliso, kwaye emva kokutshintshwa, iphoso iyacinywa kwaye kunqunywe ukuba kukho ingxaki kwibhodi enkulu.
3. Ukufumana umbane ongaqhelekanga
Xa kusenzeka ukufunyanwa kombane ongaqhelekanga, ezi meko zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
(1) Ibhetri ngokwayo iphantsi kwamandla ombane: thelekisa ixabiso lamandla ombane wokubek' iliso kunye nexabiso lombane elilinganiswe yi-multimeter, kwaye ubuyisele ibhetri emva kokuqinisekiswa.
(2) Iibholithi eziyekeleleyo zokuqinisa iitheminali zomgca wokuqokelela okanye uqhagamshelwano olungekho mgangathweni phakathi komgca wokuqokelela kunye neetheminali: Iibholithi ezixengayo okanye uqhagamshelwano olungekho mgangathweni phakathi kweetheminali luya kukhokelela ekuqokelelweni kombane okungachanekanga kwiseli enye. Ngeli xesha, gubungela ii-terminals zokuqokelela ngobumnene, kwaye emva kokuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olubi, qinisa okanye ubeke indawo yokuqokelela. Ucingo.
(3) I-fuse yomgca wokuqokelela yonakaliswe: ukulinganisa ukuchasana kwe-fuse, ukuba ingaphezulu kwe-l S2, kufuneka ithathelwe indawo.
(4) Ingxaki yokufumanisa ibhodi yamakhoboka: Qinisekisa ukuba umbane oqokelelweyo awuhambelani nowona mbane. Ukuba i-voltage eqokelelweyo yezinye iibhodi zekhoboka ihambelana nombane webhetri, kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha ibhodi yekhoboka kwaye uqokelele idatha yendawo, ufunde idatha yephutha lembali, kwaye uhlalutye.
4. Ukuqokelelwa kobushushu obungaqhelekanga
Xa kuqokelelwa ubushushu obungaqhelekanga, gxininisa kwezi meko zilandelayo:
(1) Ukungaphumeleli kwenzwa yeqondo lokushisa: Ukuba idatha enye yeqondo lokushisa ayikho, khangela iplagi ye-butt ephakathi. Ukuba akukho xhulumaniso olungaqhelekanga, kunokumiselwa ukuba inzwa yonakele kwaye inokutshintshwa.
(2) Ukudityaniswa kwesixhobo sokubopha iingcingo zobushushu akuthembekanga: Jonga iplagi yempundu ephakathi okanye intambo yesivamvo seqondo lobushushu intambo yokubopha izibuko lolawulo, ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba ikhululekile okanye iyawa, intambo yokubopha kufuneka itshintshwe.
(3) Kukho ukungaphumeleli kwe-hardware kwi-BMS: Ukubeka iliso kufumanisa ukuba i-BMS ayikwazi ukuqokelela ubushushu be-port yonke, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba i-wiring harness evela kwi-harness yokulawula ukuya kwi-adapter kwi-probe sensor yeqondo lokushisa idla ngokudibanisa, ngoko inokuqinisekiswa njengengxaki yehardware ye-BMS, kwaye ibhodi yekhoboka ehambelana nayo kufuneka itshintshwe.
(4) Ingaba ukulayishwa kwakhona kombane emva kokutshintshwa kwebhodi yekhoboka: Layisha kwakhona unikezelo lwamandla emva kokutshintshwa kwebhodi yekhoboka ephosakeleyo, kungenjalo ixabiso lokubeka iliso liya kubonisa ukungaqhelekanga.
5. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-insulation
Kwinkqubo yokulawula ibhetri yamandla, ingundoqo yangaphakathi yesiqhagamshelo sentambo yocingo esebenzayo ifutshane-ijikelezwe kunye ne-casing yangaphandle, kwaye umgca we-high-voltage wonakaliswe kwaye umzimba wesithuthi ufutshane, okuya kubangela ukusilela kwe-insulation. . Ukujonga le meko, ezi ndlela zilandelayo zisetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ukuxilongwa kunye nokugcinwa:
(1) Ukuvuza komthwalo we-high-voltage: Nqamula i-DC / DC, i-PCU, ishaja, i-air conditioner, njl njl ngokulandelelana de iphoso ixazululwe, kwaye emva koko utshintshe iindawo eziphosakeleyo.
(2) Imigca ye-high-voltage eyonakeleyo okanye izixhumi: sebenzisa i-megohmmeter ukulinganisa, kwaye ubeke indawo emva kokutshekisha kunye nokuqinisekisa.
(3) Amanzi kwibhokisi yebhetri okanye ukuvuza kwebhetri: Lahla ngaphakathi kwibhokisi yebhetri okanye ubuyisele ibhetri.
(4) Umgca wokuqokelela umbane owonakeleyo: Jonga umgca wokuqokelela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuvuza ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yebhetri, kwaye uyibuyisele ukuba kukho umonakalo ofunyenweyo.
(5) Ukufunyanwa kwebhodi ye-high-voltage ye-alarm yobuxoki: buyisela ibhodi ye-high-voltage, kwaye emva kokutshintshwa, iphoso lisusiwe, kwaye i-high-voltage yebhodi yokubona iphoso inqunywe.
6. I-Nesab iyonke yokubona ukusilela kombane
Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kokufumanisa i-voltage iyonke inokwahlulwa ibe: ukukhululeka okanye ukuwa phakathi komgca wokufumana kunye ne-terminal, okubangelwa ukungaphumeleli kokufunyanwa kombane; indongomane ekhokelela ekutshiseni kunye nokusilela ekufumaneni umbane ngokupheleleyo; i-high-voltage connectors ekhululekileyo ekhokelela ekutshiseni kunye neentsilelo zokubona amandla ombane ewonke ;Iswitshi yokugcina icinezelekile ukuba ibangele ukungaphumeleli kokufumana uxinzelelo, njl. Kwinkqubo yokuhlola yokwenene, ukugcinwa kunokwenziwa ngokwezi ndlela zilandelayo:
(1) Uqhagamshelo lwetheminali kuzo zombini iziphelo zomgca wokuqokelelwa kwamandla ombane alithembekanga: sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa umbane opheleleyo wendawo yokubhaqa kwaye uyithelekise nevoltheji yokubeka iliso iyonke, emva koko ujonge isekethe yokufumanisa ukufumanisa ukuba unxibelelwano ayithembekanga, kwaye uyiqinise okanye uyibuyisele endaweni yayo.
(2) Uxhulumaniso olungaqhelekanga lwesiphaluka se-high-voltage: sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa uxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwendawo yokufumanisa kunye noxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwendawo yokubeka iliso, kwaye uthelekise, kwaye emva koko ukhangele utshintsho lokugcinwa, iibholiti, izixhumi, i-inshurensi, njl. . ukusuka kwindawo yokubona ngokulandelelana, kwaye ubeke endaweni yazo ukuba kukho nakuphi na okungaqhelekanga kufunyenweyo.
(3) Ukungaphumeleli kokubona ibhodi ye-high-voltage: Thelekisa uxinzelelo olupheleleyo kunye noxinzelelo olupheleleyo olubekwe esweni. Emva kokutshintsha ibhodi ye-high-voltage, ukuba uxinzelelo olupheleleyo lubuyela ngokuqhelekileyo, lunokuqinisekiswa ukuba ibhodi ye-high-voltage iphosakele kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe.
7. Ukusilela kokutshaja kwangaphambili
Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kokutshaja kwangaphambili zingahlulwa zibe: i-terminal yokuqokelela i-voltage yangaphandle ikhululekile kwaye iyawa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungaphumeleli kokutshaja kwangaphambili; umgca wokulawula ibhodi ephambili awunayo i-voltage ye-12V, ebangela ukuba i-relay yangaphambi kokutshaja ingavali; ukuchasa kwangaphambili konakele kwaye ukutshaja kwangaphambili kuyasilela. Ukudibanisa nesithuthi sangempela, ukuhlolwa kunokwenziwa ngokwezi ntlobo zilandelayo.
(1) Ukungaphumeleli kwamacandelo angaphandle aphezulu-voltage: Xa i-BMS ibika impazamo yokutshaja kwangaphambili, emva kokuqhawula i-total positive kunye ne-negative iyonke, ukuba ukutshaja kwangaphambili kuphumelele, impazamo ibangelwa ngamacandelo angaphandle aphezulu. Khangela ibhokisi yokudibanisa i-voltage ephezulu kunye ne-PCU kumacandelo.
(2) Ingxaki enkulu yebhodi ayikwazi ukuvala i-relay yokutshaja kwangaphambili: khangela ukuba i-relay yokutshaja kwangaphambili ine-voltage ye-12V, ukuba akunjalo, buyisela ibhodi enkulu. Ukuba ukutshaja kwangaphambili kuphumelele emva kokutshintshwa, kunqunywe ukuba ibhodi ephambili iphosakele.
(3) Ukonakaliswa kwe-fuse ephambili okanye i-resistor yokutshaja kwangaphambili: ukulinganisa ukuqhubeka kunye nokuchasana kwe-fuse yangaphambili yokutshaja, kwaye ubeke endaweni ukuba ayiqhelekanga.
(4) Ukungaphumeleli kokufunyanwa koxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwangaphandle lwebhodi ye-high-voltage: Emva kokuba ibhodi ye-high-voltage ithathelwe indawo, ukutshaja kwangaphambili kuphumelele, kwaye impazamo yebhodi ye-high-voltage inokumiselwa, kwaye ingaba kutshintshwa.
8. Ayikwazi ukubiza
Isenzeko sokungakwazi ukuhlawulisa sinokushwankathelwa kwezi meko zimbini zilandelayo: enye yeyokuba iitheminali zomgca we-CAN kuzo zombini iziphelo zekhonkco ziyarhoxiswa okanye zilahliwe, okukhokelela ekungaphumelelini konxibelelwano phakathi kwebhodi yomama kunye netshaja, okubangela ukuba i-motherboard itshaje. ekungakwazini ukuhlawulisa; enye kukuba umonakalo kwi-inshurensi yokuhlawula iya kubangela ukuba isiphaluka sokushaja singaphumeleli. , ukutshaja akunakugqitywa. Ukuba isithuthi asinakuhlawuliswa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesithuthi, ungaqala kule miba ilandelayo ukulungisa impazamo:
(1) Itshaja kunye nebhodi ephambili ayinxibelelani ngokuqhelekileyo: sebenzisa isixhobo sokufunda idatha yokusebenza yenkqubo ye-CAN yesithuthi sonke. Ukuba akukho tshaja okanye idatha esebenzayo ye-BMS, jonga i-CAN yonxibelelwano lwentambo yokubopha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba isinxibelelanisi sinxibelelana kakubi okanye umgca uphazamisekile, qhubeka ngokukhawuleza. ukulungisa.
(2) Impazamo yetshaja okanye ibhodi ephambili ayinakuqala ngokuqhelekileyo: buyisela itshaja okanye ibhodi ephambili, uze ulayishe kwakhona i-voltage. Ukuba inokuhlawulwa emva kokutshintshwa, kunokumiselwa ukuba ishaja okanye ibhodi ephambili iphosakele.
(3) I-BMS ibona iphoso kwaye ayivumeli ukuhlawuliswa: gweba uhlobo lwesiphoso ngokubeka iliso, kwaye emva koko usombulule isiphoso kude kube yimpumelelo ukuhlawuliswa.
(4) I-fuse yokutshaja yonakaliswe kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza isiphaluka sokutshaja: sebenzisa i-multimeter ukubona ukuqhubeka kwe-fuse yokutshaja, kwaye uyitshintshe ngokukhawuleza ukuba ayikwazi ukuvulwa.
9. Umboniso wangoku ongaqhelekanga
Itheminali yenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri yolawulo lwentambo yokubopha iyawa okanye ibholithi ikhululekile, kwaye umphezulu wetheminali okanye ibholithi ifakwe ioksijini, okuya kukhokelela kwiimpazamo zangoku. Xa umboniso wangoku ungaqhelekanga, ukufakwa komgca wokuqokelela wangoku kufuneka kuhlolwe ngokupheleleyo kunye neenkcukacha.
(1) Umgca wokuqokelela wangoku awuxhunywanga ngokufanelekileyo: ngeli xesha, i-currents positive and negative currents iya kuguqulwa, kwaye ukutshintshwa kungenziwa;
(2) Uxhulumaniso lomgca wokuqokelela wangoku aluthembekanga: okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba i-high-voltage circuit ine-stable current, kwaye xa umbane wokubeka iliso uguquguquka kakhulu, khangela umgca wokuqokelela wangoku kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-shunt, kwaye uqinise. iibholithi ngoko nangoko ukuba zifunyenwe zikhululekile.
(3) Khangela i-oxidation ye-terminal surface: Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba i-high-voltage circuit ine-stable current, kwaye xa umsinga wokubeka iliso ungaphantsi kakhulu kunowona wangoku, khangela ukuba kukho umaleko we-oxide phezu komhlaba. i-terminal okanye ibholithi, kwaye uphathe umphezulu ukuba kukho.
(4) Ukubona okungaqhelekanga kwebhodi ye-high-voltage yangoku: Emva kokuqhawula umtshini wokulondoloza, ukuba ixabiso langoku lokubeka iliso lingaphezulu kwe-0 okanye i-2A, ukufunyanwa kwangoku kwebhodi ye-high-voltage ayiqhelekanga, kwaye ibhodi ye-high-voltage kufuneka itshintshwe. .
10. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-voltage interlock ephezulu
Xa i-ON gear ivuliwe, linganisa ukuba kukho igalelo lombane ophezulu apha, khangela ukuba iitheminali ezi-4 zixhunyiwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye ulinganise ukuba kukho i-voltage ye-12V ekupheleni kokuqhuba (ucingo oluncinci lucingo lokuqhuba i-voltage). Ngokwemeko ethile, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu alandelayo:
(1) Impazamo ye-DC/DC: linganisa iplagi yomoya yokungenisa i-DC/DC ephezulu ukuze ubone ukuba kukho umbane ophezulu wexesha elifutshane xa i-ON gear ivuliwe, ukuba ikhona, izimisele ukuba yi-DC/ DC impazamo kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe.
(2) Iitheminali ze-DC/DC relay aziplagwanga ngokuqinileyo: jonga iitheminali zombane eziphezulu neziphantsi ze-relay, kwaye uphinde uvale iitheminali ukuba azithembekanga.
(3) Ukungaphumeleli kwebhodi ephambili okanye ibhodi ye-adapter kubangela ukuba i-DC / DC i-relay ingavali: Ukulinganisa i-voltage drive end of DC/DC relay, vula i-ON block kwaye akukho volti ye-12V ixesha elifutshane, emva koko ubuyisele ibhodi engundoqo okanye ibhodi yeadaptha.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-04-2022