I-switched reluctance motor drive system (srd) iqulethwe ngamacandelo amane: i-motor reluctance switched (srm okanye i-sr motor), i-converter yamandla, isilawuli kunye ne-detector. Ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kohlobo olutsha lwenkqubo yokulawula isantya ephuhlisiwe. I-motor ye-reluctance etshintshiweyo yi-motor ephindwe kabini, esebenzisa umgaqo wobuncinci bokungafuni ukuvelisa i-torque yokungafuni. Ngenxa yolwakhiwo olulula kakhulu nolomeleleyo, uluhlu olubanzi lolawulo lwesantya, ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lwesantya, kunye nesantya esiphezulu ngokwentelekiso kulo lonke uluhlu lolawulo lwesantya. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo ephezulu kuyenza ibe lukhuphiswano olunamandla lwe-AC yenkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto, inkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto yeDC kunye ne-brushless DC inkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto. Iimotor ezitshintshileyo ezitshintshileyo ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi okanye zaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenqwelo zombane zombane, izixhobo zasekhaya, imboni eqhelekileyo, imboni ye-aviation kunye neenkqubo ze-servo, ezigubungela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nesezantsi kunye noluhlu lwamandla lwe-10w ukuya kwi-5mw, ebonisa. amandla amakhulu emarike.
2.1 I-motor inesakhiwo esilula, indleko ephantsi, kwaye ifanelekile kwisantya esiphezulu
Ulwakhiwo lwemoto yokungafuni ukutshintshelwa lula kunolo lwe-squirrel-cage induction motor ethathwa njengeyona nto ilula. I-coil ye-stator yi-concentrated winding, ekulula ukuyifaka, isiphelo sifutshane kwaye siqinile, kwaye umsebenzi unokwethenjelwa. Ubume bentshukumo; i-rotor yenziwe kuphela ngamashiti ensimbi ye-silicon, ngoko ke akuyi kubakho iingxaki ezifana nokuphosa ikheji ye-squirrel embi kunye nemivalo eyaphukileyo esetyenziswayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-squirrel cage induction motors. Irotor inamandla omatshini aphezulu kakhulu kwaye inokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100,000 revolutions ngomzuzu.
2.2 Isekethe yamandla elula nethembekileyo
Ulwalathiso lwe-torque ye-motor alunanto yakwenza nesalathiso somsinga ojikajikayo, oko kukuthi, kuphela umsinga ojikajikayo kwicala elinye ofunekayo, i-motor phase idityaniswe phakathi kweetyhubhu zamandla ezimbini zesekethe ephambili, kwaye kuya kubakho. akukho ingalo yebhulorho ethe tye-nge-short-circuit fault. , Inkqubo inokunyamezela okunamandla kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-aerospace.
2.3 I-torque ephezulu yokuqalisa, ukuqala ngokusezantsi
Iimveliso zeenkampani ezininzi zinokufikelela kule ntsebenzo ilandelayo: xa i-current iqala i-15% ye-current rated current, i-torque yokuqala i-100% ye-torque elinganisiweyo; xa isiqalo sangoku si-30% yexabiso elilinganisiweyo, i-torque yokuqala inokufikelela kwi-150% yexabiso elilinganisiweyo. %. Xa kuthelekiswa neempawu zokuqala zezinye iinkqubo zokulawula isantya, njengemoto ye-DC ene-100% eqala ngoku, fumana i-torque eyi-100%; I-squirrel cage induction motor ene-300% eqala ngoku, fumana i-100% torque. Ingabonwa ukuba i-motor etshintshileyo yokungafuni ukusebenza inokuqala okuthambileyo, impembelelo yangoku incinci ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqala, kwaye ukufudumeza kwe-motor kunye nomlawuli kuncinci kunomsebenzi oqhubekayo olinganisiweyo, ngoko ke ilungele ngokukodwa. Ukuqala rhoqo-ukuyeka kunye nokubuyela umva umsebenzi wokutshintsha, okufana ne-gantry planers, oomatshini bokugaya, ii-rolling mill eziguqulwayo kwishishini le-metallurgical, iisarha ezibhabhayo, izikere ezibhabhayo, njl.
2.4 Uluhlu olubanzi lolawulo lwesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle
Ukusebenza okusebenzayo kuphezulu njenge-92% kwisantya esilinganisiweyo kunye nomthwalo olinganisiweyo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi kugcinwa kwi-80% kuzo zonke izigaba zesantya.
2.5 Kukho iiparamitha ezininzi ezilawulekayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokulawulwa kwesantya
Kukho ubuncinci iiparamitha ezine eziphambili zokusebenza kunye neendlela eziqhelekileyo zokulawula ii-motor ezitshintshileyo zokungafuni: i-angle yokuvula i-angle, i-angle yokuqhawula i-angle efanelekileyo, i-amplitude yangoku kunye ne-voltage yesigaba somoya. Kukho iiparameters ezininzi ezilawulwayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ulawulo luyaguquguquka kwaye lulungele. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zolawulo kunye namaxabiso eparameter anokusetyenziswa ngokweemfuno zokusebenza zemoto kunye neemeko zemoto ukuyenza ukuba iqhube kweyona ndawo ilungileyo, kwaye inokufezekisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neejika zeempawu ezithile, ezinjengokwenza Injini ineentshukumo ezifanayo ezine-quadrant ezine (ukuya phambili, umva, ukuhamba ngemoto kunye nokuqhobosha) isakhono, kunye netorque ephezulu yokuqalisa kunye nomthamo wegophe lomthamo weenjini zothotho.
2.6 Inokufikelela kwiimfuno ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo ngoyilo olumanyeneyo nolulungelelanisiweyo lomatshini nombane
Ubume obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kwemoto yokungafuni ukutshintshela yenza indawo yayo yesicelo ibe yande kakhulu. Ezi zicelo zintathu zilandelayo ziyahlalutywa.
3.1 Isicwangcisi seGantry
Umcwangcisi we-gantry ngumatshini oyintloko osebenzayo kumashishini omatshini. Indlela yokusebenza yesicwangcisi kukuba i-worktable iqhubela i-workpiece ukuba ibuyele. Xa iqhubela phambili, isicwangcisi esilungisiweyo kwisakhelo sicwangcisa i-workpiece, kwaye xa ibuyela ngasemva, iplani iphakamisa i-workpiece. Ukususela ngoko, i-workbench ibuya kunye nomgca ongenanto. Umsebenzi wenkqubo ephambili yokuqhuba isicwangcisi kukuqhuba isindululo esibuyiselayo setafile yokusebenza. Ngokucacileyo, ukusebenza kwayo kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomgangatho wokucubungula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yeplani. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokuqhuba iyadingeka ukuba ibe neempawu eziphambili ezilandelayo.
3.1.1 Iimpawu eziphambili
(1) Ilungele ukuqala rhoqo, ukuqhobosha kunye nokuhamba phambili kunye nokujikeleza umva, akukho ngaphantsi kwamaxesha e-10 ngomzuzu, kwaye inkqubo yokuqalisa kunye ne-braking ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhawuleza.
(2) Umlinganiselo wokumahluko omileyo uyafuneka ukuba ube phezulu. Ukwehla kwesantya esiguquguqukayo ukusuka kwi-no-load ukuya kumthwalo wequbuliso wemela akukho ngaphezu kwe-3%, kwaye amandla okulayisha ixesha elifutshane anamandla.
(3) Uluhlu lolawulo lwesantya lubanzi, olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zesantya esiphantsi, isicwangciso esiphakathi kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokubuyela umva.
(4) Ukuzinza komsebenzi kulungile, kwaye indawo yokubuya yohambo olujikelezayo ichanekile.
Okwangoku, eyona nkqubo yokuqhubela phambili ye-gantry planer yasekhaya ubukhulu becala inohlobo lweyunithi ye-DC kunye nefom ye-asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch. Inani elikhulu labacwangcisi ikakhulu eliqhutywa ziiyunithi ze-DC zikwimeko yokuguga okunzulu, i-motor igugile kakhulu, iintlantsi kwiibhrashi zikhulu ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nomthwalo onzima, ukungaphumeleli rhoqo, kwaye umthwalo wolondolozo mkhulu, echaphazela ngqo imveliso eqhelekileyo. . Ukongezelela, le nkqubo ayinakuthintelwa ngokungahambi kakuhle kwezixhobo ezinkulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nengxolo ephezulu. Inkqubo ye-asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch clutch ixhomekeke kwi-clutch ye-electromagnetic ukuze iqonde indlela eya phambili nasemva, ukunxiba kwe-clutch kunzulu, ukuzinza kokusebenza akulunganga, kwaye akulunganga ukulungisa isantya, ngoko ke isetyenziselwa izicwangcisi zokukhanya. .
3.1.2 Iingxaki ngeeMoto zokungenisa
Ukuba inkqubo yokulawula isantya solawulo lwesantya semotor induction iyasetyenziswa, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zikhona:
(1) Iimpawu zokuphuma zithambile, ukwenzela ukuba i-gantry planer ayikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo owaneleyo ngesantya esiphantsi.
(2) Umahluko we-static mkhulu, umgangatho wokulungisa uphantsi, i-workpiece esetyenzisiweyo ineepateni, kwaye iyayeka xa isitya sityiwe.
(3) Itorque yokuqalisa kunye neyokuqhobosha incinci, ukuqalisa nokuqhobosha kuyacotha, kwaye necala lokupaka elilaleleyo lilikhulu kakhulu.
(4) Imoto iyatshisa.
Iimpawu zemotor etshintshileyo yokuthandabuza zifaneleke ngakumbi ukuqala rhoqo, ukunyathela kunye nokusebenza kokutshintsha. Ukuqala kwangoku ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintshwa kuncinci, kwaye i-torques yokuqala kunye ne-braking iyahlengahlengiswa, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukuba isantya sihambelana neemfuno zenkqubo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesantya. idibana ne. I-motor yokungafuni ukutshintshelwa nayo inento ephezulu yamandla. Ingaba isantya esiphezulu okanye esisezantsi, akukho mthwalo okanye umthwalo ogcweleyo, amandla ayo asondele kwi-1, engcono kunezinye iinkqubo zokuhambisa ngoku ezisetyenziswayo kwiiplani ze-gantry.
3.2 Umatshini wokuhlamba
Ngophuhliso loqoqosho kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo komgangatho wobomi babantu, imfuno yokusingqongileyo kunye noomatshini bokuhlamba abakrelekrele nayo iyanda. Njengamandla aphambili omatshini wokuhlamba, ukusebenza kwemoto kufuneka kuphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zoomatshini bokuhlamba abaziwayo kwimarike yasekhaya: oomatshini bokuhlamba i-pulsator kunye ne-drum. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lomatshini wokuhlamba, umgaqo osisiseko kukuba i-motor iqhuba i-pulsator okanye i-drum ukuze ijikeleze, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, kwaye emva koko ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye namandla aveliswa yi-pulsator kunye negubhu zisetyenziselwa ukuhlamba iimpahla. . Ukusebenza kwemoto kumisela ukusebenza komatshini wokuhlamba ukuya kumlinganiselo omkhulu. Umbuso, oko kukuthi, umisela umgangatho wokuhlamba kunye nokomisa, kunye nobukhulu bengxolo kunye nokungcangcazela.
Okwangoku, iimotor ezisetyenziswa kumatshini wokuhlamba we-pulsator ziziinjini zokungeniswa kwinqanaba elinye, kwaye ezimbalwa zisebenzisa iimotor zokuguqula amaza kunye nee-brushless DC motors. Umatshini wokuhlamba igubu usekwe ikakhulu kuthotho lweemoto, ukongeza kwimotor frequency frequency, brushless DC motor, switched reluctance motor.
Ububi bokusebenzisa imotor yenqanaba elinye licace kakhulu, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1) ayikwazi ukulungisa isantya
Kukho isantya esisodwa sokujikeleza ngexesha lokuhlamba, kwaye kunzima ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zeempahla ezahlukeneyo kwisantya sokujikeleza kokuhlamba. Okubizwa ngokuba "ukuhlamba okunamandla", "ukuhlamba okubuthathaka", "ukuhlamba okuthambileyo" kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuhlamba zitshintsha kuphela Kukutshintsha kuphela ixesha lokujikeleza phambili kunye nokubuyisela umva, kunye nokunyamekela iimfuno zesantya sokujikeleza. ngexesha lokuhlamba, isantya sokujikeleza ngexesha lokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni sihlala siphantsi, ngokubanzi kuphela i-400 rpm ukuya kwi-600 rpm.
(2) Ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi kakhulu
Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kungaphantsi kwe-30%, kwaye ukuqala ngoku kukhulu kakhulu, okunokufikelela kwi-7 ukuya ku-8 amaxesha angoku. Kunzima ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zokuhlamba phambili rhoqo kunye nokubuyisela umva.
Imoto yothotho yimoto yothotho lweDC, enezibonelelo zetorque enkulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukulawulwa kwesantya esifanelekileyo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuguquguqukayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-motor series kukuba isakhiwo sinzima, i-rotor yangoku idinga ukutshintshwa ngoomatshini ngokusebenzisa i-commutator kunye ne-brush, kunye ne-sliding friction phakathi kwe-commutator kunye ne-brush ijwayele ukunxiba ngoomatshini, ingxolo, iintlantsi kunye ne-brush. ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Oku kunciphisa ukuthembeka kwemoto kwaye kunciphisa ubomi bayo.
Iimpawu zokutshintsha kwemoto yokungafuni ukwenza ukuba kube lula ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezilungileyo xa zisetyenziswa kumatshini wokuhlamba. Inkqubo yokulawula isantya sokutshintsha isantya semoto inoluhlu olubanzi lolawulo lwesantya, olunokwenza "ukuhlamba" kunye
Iispins " zonke zisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu somgangatho wokuhlamba wokwenyani, ukuhlamba okucacileyo, ukuhlamba okuthambileyo, ukuhlamba ivelvet, kunye nesantya esiguqukayo sokuhlamba. Unokukhetha kwakhona isantya sokujikeleza ngokuthanda ngexesha lokuchithwa kwamanzi. Unokwandisa kwakhona isantya ngokweenkqubo ezithile ezimiselweyo, ukwenzela ukuba iimpahla zikwazi ukuphepha ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo ebangelwa ukusabalalisa ngokungalingani ngexesha lenkqubo yokujikeleza. Ukuqala okugqwesileyo kokusebenza kwemotor etshintshileyo yokungathandi kunokuphelisa impembelelo yemoto ehamba rhoqo kunye nokubuyisela umva ukuqala okwangoku kwigridi yamandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlamba, ukwenza ukuhlamba kunye nokuhamba kuhambe kakuhle kwaye kungabina ngxolo. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwenkqubo yokulawula isantya semotor eguqukayo kulo lonke uluhlu lolawulo lwesantya kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omatshini wokuhlamba.
Imoto ye-brushless ye-DC ngokwenene ikhuphisana eyomeleleyo kwi-motor eguqukayo yokungafuni, kodwa izibonelelo ze-motor etshintshileyo yokungafuni zixabiso eliphantsi, ukuqina, akukho demagnetization kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuqala.
3.3 IZithuthi zoMbane
Ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1980s, ngenxa yokwanda kokuqwalaselwa kwabantu kwimiba yendalo esingqongileyo namandla, izithuthi zombane ziye zaba zezona ndlela zifanelekileyo zokuhamba ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo zokukhupha iqanda, ingxolo ephantsi, imithombo yamandla ebanzi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. Izithuthi zombane zineemfuno ezilandelayo zenkqubo yokuqhuba i-motor drive: ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kwindawo yonke yokusebenza, ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu kunye nokuxinana kwe-torque, uluhlu olubanzi lwesantya sokusebenza, kwaye inkqubo ayinamanzi, i-shock-resistant kunye nefuthe. Okwangoku, iinkqubo eziphambili zokuqhuba iimoto kwizithuthi zombane zibandakanya iimotor induction, brushless DC motors kunye nee switched reluctance motors.
Inkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto etshintshileyo inoluhlu lweempawu ekusebenzeni kunye nesakhiwo, esenza ukuba ifaneleke kakhulu kwizithuthi zombane. Inezi zinzuzo zilandelayo kwintsimi yezithuthi zombane:
(1) Injini inesakhiwo esilula kwaye ifanele isantya esiphezulu. Uninzi lwelahleko yemoto igxininiswe kwi-stator, ekulula ukuyipholisa kwaye inokwenziwa lula kwisakhiwo sobungqina bokuqhuma kwamanzi, esifuna ngokusisiseko akukho kugcinwa.
(2) Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunokugcinwa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamandla kunye nesantya, okunzima ukuba ezinye iinkqubo zokuqhuba ziphumelele. Olu phawu luluncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni ikhosi yokuqhuba izithuthi zombane.
(3) Kulula ukuqonda ukusebenza kweequadrant ezine, ukuqonda impendulo yokuvuselela amandla, kunye nokugcina isakhono esinamandla sokuqhobosha kwindawo yokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu.
(4) Ukuqala kwangoku kwemoto kuncinci, akukho mpembelelo kwibhetri, kwaye i-torque yokuqala inkulu, ilungele ukuqala komthwalo onzima.
(5) Zombini i-motor kunye nesiguquli samandla zomelele kwaye zithembekile, zilungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezinobushushu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye zikwazi ukuziqhelanisa kakuhle.
Ngokubhekiselele kwezi zibonelelo zingentla, zininzi izicelo ezisebenzayo zokutshintsha kweemotor zokurhoxa kwizithuthi zombane, iibhasi zombane kunye neebhayisekile zombane ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe].
Ngenxa yokuba i-motor ye-reluctance etshintshiweyo ineenzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, isiqalo esincinci sangoku, uluhlu olubanzi lolawulo lwesantya, kunye nokulawulwa kakuhle, ineenzuzo ezinkulu zesicelo kunye nethemba elibanzi lesicelo kwiinkalo ze-gantry planers, oomatshini bokuhlamba, kunye nezithuthi zombane. Zininzi izicelo ezisebenzayo kule mimandla ikhankanywe ngasentla. Nangona kukho inqanaba elithile lesicelo e-China, kusesebuntwaneni bayo kwaye amandla ayo ayikafezekiswa. Kukholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkalo ezikhankanywe ngasentla kuya kuba kubanzi ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-18-2022