[Abstract]Amandla e-Hydrogen luhlobo lwamandla esibini anemithombo eninzi, eluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi, kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi. Inokunceda usetyenziso olukhulu lwamandla avuselelekayo, ukuqonda ukuchetywa okukhulu kwegridi yamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka kunye nemimandla, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukukhuthazwa kwemizi-mveliso, ukwakhiwa, ukuthutha kunye nezinye iindawo zekhabhoni ephantsi.ilizwe lam linesiseko esihle sokuvelisa i-hydrogen kunye nemarike yesicelo esikhulu, kwaye ineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni amandla e-hydrogen.Ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lweshishini lamandla e-hydrogen yindlela ebalulekileyo yokunceda ilizwe lam lifezekise injongo ye-carbon neutralization.Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezedlulileyo, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe kunye noLawulo lweSizwe lwaMandla ngokudibeneyo lukhuphe "iSicwangciso esiPhakathi kunye neSide seXesha lokuPhuhliswa koShishino lwaMandla e-Hydrogen (2021-2035)".Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen kubangela inguqu enkulu yamandla. Amandla e-Hydrogen abe yikhowudi entsha yokukrazula ingxaki yamandla kunye nokwakha inkqubo yamandla ecocekileyo, ephantsi, ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yanamhlanje.
Ubunzima bamandla buvule indlela yokuphononongwa kophuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Amandla e-Hydrogen njengenye indlela yamandla angena kwinkalo yombono yabantu, enokulandelwa emva kwiminyaka yoo-1970.Ngelo xesha, imfazwe kuMbindi Mpuma yabangela ingxaki yeoli ehlabathini lonke. Ukuze ulahlekise ukuxhomekeka kwioli evela kumazwe angaphandle, iUnited States yaqala iphakamisa ingcamango "yezoqoqosho lwe-hydrogen", ephikisa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, i-hydrogen inokuthi ithathe indawo yeoli kwaye ibe ngamandla amakhulu okuxhasa ukuthutha kwehlabathi.Ukususela kwi-1960 ukuya kwi-2000, i-fuel cell, isixhobo esibalulekileyo sokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen, yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwi-aerospace, ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokuthutha kuye kwabonisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba nokwenzeka kwamandla e-hydrogen njengomthombo wamandla wesibini.Ishishini lamandla e-hydrogen langena kwi-ebb ephantsi malunga no-2010.Kodwa ukukhutshwa kwemoto ye-fuel cell ka-Toyota ngo-2014 kubangele enye i-hydrogen boom.Emva koko, amazwe amaninzi akhuphe ngokulandelelana iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo zophuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen, ingakumbi egxile ekuveliseni amandla kunye nokuthutha ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen kunye nemizi-mveliso yeeseli zamafutha; i-EU yakhupha i-EU Hydrogen Energy Strategy ngo-2020, ejolise ekukhuthazeni amandla e-hydrogen kumashishini, ukuthutha, ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nezinye izicelo kuzo zonke iinkalo; ngo 2020, eUnited States wakhupha "IsiCwangciso soPhuhliso lweSicwangciso saMandla e-Hydrogen", equlunqwe inani lezalathisi eziphambili zobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zibe yinkokeli yemarike kwikhonkco yoshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amazwe athatha i-75% yoqoqosho lwehlabathi aqalise imigaqo-nkqubo yophuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen ukukhuthaza ngokusebenzayo uphuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen.
Xa kuthelekiswa namazwe athuthukileyo, ishishini lamandla e-hydrogen yelizwe lam lisekwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ilizwe lam linikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kwishishini lamandla e-hydrogen.Ngo-Matshi 2019, amandla e-hydrogen abhalwa "kwiNgxelo yoMsebenzi kaRhulumente" okokuqala ngqa, ukukhawuleza ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezifana nokutshaja kunye ne-hydrogenation kwindawo yoluntu; Ibandakanywe kudidi lwamandla; ngoSeptemba ka-2020, amasebe amahlanu abandakanya i-Ofisi yezeMali, iSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi ngokudibeneyo liza kuqhuba ngokudibeneyo umboniso wokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zeeseli zepetroli, kwaye livuze i-agglomerations yasezidolophini efanelekileyo ngokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nomboniso wobuchwephesha obuphambili bezithuthi zeeseli zamafutha. ;Ngo-Oktobha 2021, iKomidi eliPhakathi leQela lamaKomanisi laseChina kunye neBhunga leSizwe likhuphe "Iimbono malunga nokuPhunyezwa ngokuchanekileyo iNdlela entsha yoPhuhliso kunye nokwenza umsebenzi oMhle kwiCarbon Neutralization" ukulungelelanisa uphuhliso lwalo lonke ikhonkco lamandla e-hydrogen. “ukusetyenziswa kogcino-mveliso”; Ngo-Matshi 2022, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo yakhupha "iSicwangciso esiPhakathi kunye nexesha elide loPhuhliso loShishino lwe-Hydrogen Energy (2021-2035)", kwaye amandla e-hydrogen achongiwe njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yamandla kazwelonke yexesha elizayo kunye. isitshixo ekufezekiseni utshintsho oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi yeetheminali ezisebenzisa amandla. Umthwali obalulekileyo, ishishini lamandla e-hydrogen lichongiwe njengoshishino olusakhulayo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nesikhokelo sophuhliso oluphambili lweshishini elizayo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lelizwe lam lamandla e-hydrogen likhule ngokukhawuleza, ligubungela lonke ikhonkco lemveliso ye-hydrogen-ukugcinwa-ukuhambisa-ukusetyenziswa.
Umphezulu wetsheyini loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kukuveliswa kwe-hydrogen. ilizwe lam lelona limi likhulu ehlabathini, linamandla okuvelisa i-hydrogen malunga ne-33 yezigidi zeetoni.Ngokobunzulu bekhabhoni yokukhutshwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa, i-hydrogen yahlulwe yaba "yi-hydrogen engwevu", "i-hydrogen eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kunye "ne-hydrogen eluhlaza".I-hydrogen eyiGrey ibhekisela kwi-hydrogen eveliswa ngokutshisa i-fuel fuels, kwaye kuya kubakho ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide eninzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa; i-hydrogen eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka isekelwe kwi-hydrogen engwevu, isebenzisa i-carbon capture kunye neteknoloji yokugcina ukuphumeza ukuveliswa kwe-carbon hydrogen ephantsi; ihydrogen eluhlaza iveliswa ngamandla aVuselelekayo njengamandla elanga kunye namandla omoya asetyenziselwa ukwenza i-electrolyze amanzi ukuvelisa i-hydrogen, kwaye akukho kukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen.Okwangoku, imveliso ye-hydrogen yelizwe lam ilawulwa yimveliso ye-hydrogen esekwe ngamalahle, ibalwa malunga nama-80%.Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko iindleko zokuvelisa amandla avuselelekayo ziqhubeka zinciphisa, umlinganiselo we-hydrogen eluhlaza uya kunyuka unyaka nonyaka, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele kwi-70% ngo-2050.
Umbindi wekhonkco loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kukugcina i-hydrogen kunye nokuthutha. Itekhnoloji yogcino lwegesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nothutho iye yathengiswa kwaye yeyona ndlela ibanzi yokugcina amandla e-hydrogen kunye nendlela yokuthutha.I-trailer ye-tube ende ine-flexible transportation flexibility kwaye ifanelekile kwi-short-distance, i-volume encinci yokuthutha i-hydrogen; ugcino lwe-hydrogen engamanzi kunye nogcino lwe-hydrogen oluqinileyo alufuni iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, kwaye uthutho lufanelekile, olusalathiso esikhulu sokugcina amandla e-hydrogen kunye nothutho kwixesha elizayo.
Umzantsi wekhonkco loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kusetyenziso olubanzi lwe-hydrogen. Njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwimizi-mveliso, i-hydrogen inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-petroleum, iikhemikhali, isinyithi, i-electronics, ezonyango kunye namanye amacandelo. Ukongeza, i-hydrogen inokuguqulwa ibe ngumbane kunye nobushushu ngeeseli zamafutha e-hydrogen okanye iinjini zokutsha ze-hydrogen zangaphakathi. , ezinokugubungela zonke iinkalo zemveliso yentlalo kunye nobomi.Ngo-2060, imfuno ye-hydrogen yelizwe lam kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-130 yezigidi zeetoni, apho imfuno yemizi-mveliso ilawula, ibalwa malunga ne-60%, kwaye icandelo lezothutho liya kwanda ukuya kuma-31% ngonyaka.
Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen kubangela inguqu enkulu yamandla.
Amandla e-Hydrogen anemibono ebanzi yokusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nezothutho, ishishini, ukwakhiwa kunye nombane.
Kwintsimi yezothutho, ukuthuthwa kweendlela ezikude, umzila kaloliwe, ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nokuthunyelwa kweenqanawa zijonga amandla e-hydrogen njengenye yezinto ezibaso ezibalulekileyo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.Kweli nqanaba, ilizwe lam lilawulwa ikakhulu ziibhasi ze-hydrogen fuel cell kunye neelori ezinzima, inani lazo elidlula i-6,000.Ngokubhekiselele kwiziseko ezixhasayo ezihambelanayo, ilizwe lam lakhiwe ngaphezu kwe-250 izikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling, ezibalelwa malunga ne-40% yenani lehlabathi, libekwe kwindawo yokuqala emhlabeni.Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe yiKomiti eQuquzelela iiOlimpiki zaseBusika eBeijing, le Olimpiki yaseBusika iya kubonisa ukusebenza kweemoto ezingaphezulu kwe-1,000 zeeseli ze-hydrogen, ezixhotyiswe ngaphezu kwe-30 yezikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling, esona sicelo sikhulu somboniso wezithuthi zeeseli zamafutha. ihlabathi.
Okwangoku, intsimi eneyona nxalenye inkulu yokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen kwilizwe lam yintsimi yezoshishino.Ukongeza kwiipropathi zamandla e-fuel, amandla e-hydrogen ayinto ebalulekileyo yemathiriyeli ekrwada.I-Hydrogen ingathatha indawo ye-coke kunye negesi yendalo njenge-arhente yokunciphisa, enokuphelisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni eninzi kwiinkqubo zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi.Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nombane ukwenza i-electrolyze amanzi ukuvelisa i-hydrogen, kunye nokudibanisa iimveliso zeekhemikhali ezifana ne-ammonia kunye ne-methanol, kulungele ukunciphisa okukhulu kwekhabhoni kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwishishini lemichiza.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla e-hydrogen kunye nezakhiwo yingcamango entsha yesakhiwo esiluhlaza esiye savela kwiminyaka yamuva.Intsimi yokwakha idinga ukusebenzisa amandla ombane amaninzi kunye namandla okushisa, kwaye idweliswe njengezona zindlu zintathu "ezidla amandla" kwilizwe lam kunye nentsimi yezothutho kunye nentsimi yezoshishino.Ukwenziwa kombane okusulungekileyo kweeseli zamafutha e-hydrogen kumalunga nama-50% kuphela, ngelixa ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obudibeneyo kunye namandla kunokufikelela kuma-85%. Ngelixa iiseli zamafutha e-hydrogen zivelisa umbane wezakhiwo, ubushushu obumdaka bunokufunyanwa kwakhona ukufudumeza kunye namanzi ashushu.Ngokubhekiselele kuthutho lwe-hydrogen ukuya kwiitheminali zokwakha, i-hydrogen inokuxutywa nerhasi yendalo ngokomlinganiselo ongaphantsi kwe-20% ngoncedo lothungelwano lwemibhobho yerhasi yendalo yasekhaya epheleleyo kwaye ithuthelwe kumawakawaka amakhaya.Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwi-2050, i-10% yokufudumala kwezakhiwo zehlabathi kunye ne-8% yamandla okwakha aya kunikezelwa nge-hydrogen, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide ngeetoni ze-700 yezigidi ngonyaka.
Kwintsimi yombane, ngenxa yokungazinzi kwamandla avuselelekayo, amandla e-hydrogen angaba yindlela entsha yokugcina amandla ngokuguqulwa kombane-hydrogen-electricity.Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kombane ophantsi, i-hydrogen iveliswa ngamanzi e-electrolyzing kunye ne-surplus amandla ahlaziyekayo, kwaye agcinwe ngendlela yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegesi, ulwelo oluphantsi lobushushu, ulwelo oluphilayo okanye izinto eziqinileyo; ngexesha lencopho yokusetyenziswa kombane, i-hydrogen egciniweyo igqithiswa kumafutha Ibhetri okanye iiyunithi ze-hydrogen turbine zivelisa umbane, othi ufakwe kwigridi yoluntu.Isikali sokugcinwa kokugcinwa kwamandla e-hydrogen sikhulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1 million kilowatts, kwaye ixesha lokugcina lide. Ukugcinwa kwexesha lonyaka kunokufezekiswa ngokomahluko wemveliso yamandla elanga, amandla omoya, kunye nemithombo yamanzi.Ngo-Agasti ka-2019, iprojekthi yokuqala yelizwe lam yokugcina amandla e-hydrogen ye-megawatt-scale yaphehlelelwa eLu'an, kwiPhondo lase-Anhui, kwaye yadityaniswa ngempumelelo kwigridi yokuvelisa umbane ngo-2022.
Ngelo xesha, i-electro-hydrogen coupling iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kwenkqubo yamandla yanamhlanje kwilizwe lam.
Ukusuka kumbono ococekileyo kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi, umbane omkhulu sisixhobo esinamandla sokunciphisa ikhabhoni kwiindawo ezininzi kwilizwe lam, njengezithuthi zombane kwindawo yokuthutha ezithatha indawo yezithuthi zamafutha, kunye nokufudumeza kombane kwindawo yokwakha endaweni yokufudumeza kwebhoyila yemveli. .Nangona kunjalo, kusekho amanye amashishini ekunzima ukufezekisa ukunciphisa i-carbon ngokufaka umbane ngokuthe ngqo. Awona mashishini anzima aquka intsimbi, iikhemikhali, ezothutho ezindleleni, ezothutho ngenqanawa kunye neenqwelomoya.Amandla e-Hydrogen aneempawu ezimbini zamandla ombane kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada kwimizi-mveliso, kwaye inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kule mimandla ikhankanywe ngasentla ekunzima ukuyikhupha ngokunzulu.
Ngokombono wokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, okokuqala, amandla e-hydrogen anokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwesabelo esiphezulu samandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhomekeka kwelizwe lam kwi-oyile kunye negesi ephuma ngaphandle; Ibhalansi yengingqi yonikezelo lwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwilizwe lam; ukongeza, ngokunciphisa iindleko zombane zamandla avuselelekayo, uqoqosho lombane oluhlaza kunye namandla e-hydrogen eluhlaza kuya kuphuculwa, kwaye ziya kwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwaye zisetyenziswe luluntu; Amandla e-hydrogen kunye nombane, njengee-hubs zamandla, zingaphezulu Kulula ukudibanisa imithombo yamandla eyahlukahlukeneyo njengamandla obushushu, amandla abandayo, amafutha, njl. ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, uqoqosho kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla.
Uphuhliso lweshishini lelizwe lam lamandla e-hydrogen lisajongene nemingeni
Ukuveliswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye ne-low-emission eluhlaza yenye yemingeni ebalulekileyo ejongene neshishini lamandla e-hydrogen.Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sokungafaki ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni entsha, ukuxazulula ingxaki yomthombo we-hydrogen sisiseko sophuhliso loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen.Imveliso ye-hydrogen yefosili kunye nemveliso ye-hydrogen kwimizi-mveliso ikhulile kwaye ineendleko ezifanelekileyo, kwaye iya kuhlala ingumthombo ophambili we-hydrogen kwixesha elifutshane.Nangona kunjalo, oovimba bamandla efosili balinganiselwe, kwaye kusekho ingxaki yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen; ukuveliswa kwemveliso yemveliso ye-hydrogen kwimizi-mveliso kulinganiselwe kwaye umgama wobonelelo ngemitha mfutshane.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, imveliso ye-hydrogen esuka kwi-electrolysis yamanzi kulula ukudibanisa namandla ahlaziyekayo, inamandla amakhulu, icocekile kwaye izinzileyo, kwaye yeyona ndlela ikhoyo yokubonelela nge-hydrogen eluhlaza.Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yelizwe lam i-alkaline electrolysis isondele kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe kwaye iteknoloji eqhelekileyo kwintsimi ye-electrolysis yorhwebo, kodwa kukho indawo encinci yokunciphisa iindleko kwixesha elizayo.Iproton yokutshintsha i-membrane ye-electrolysis yamanzi kwimveliso ye-hydrogen iyabiza ngoku, kwaye iqondo lokuhlala kwezixhobo eziphambili liyanda unyaka nonyaka.I-Solid oxide electrolysis isondele kwintengiso kumazwe ngamazwe, kodwa isekwinqanaba lokubambisa ngaphakathi.
inkqubo yelizwe lam ihydrogen energy kushishino lwetsheyini ayikagqitywa, kwaye kusekho umsantsa phakathi kwezicelo zorhwebo ezinkulu.Ngaphezulu kwezikhululo ze-hydrogenation ezingama-200 zakhiwe kwilizwe lam, uninzi lwazo zizitishi ze-35MPa zegesi ze-hydrogenation, kunye nezikhululo ze-70MPa zoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-hydrogenation ezineakhawunti enkulu yokugcina umthamo we-hydrogen ngenxalenye encinci.Ukunqongophala kwamava ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwezikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling zamanzi kunye nemveliso ye-hydrogen edibeneyo kunye nezikhululo ze-hydrogenation.Okwangoku, ukuthuthwa kwe-hydrogen kusekelwe ikakhulu kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-gaseous long-tube trailer yothutho, kunye nokuthuthwa kwemibhobho kuseyindawo ebuthathaka.Okwangoku, i-mileage yemibhobho ye-hydrogen imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-400, kwaye imibhobho esetyenziswayo imalunga neekhilomitha ezili-100 kuphela.Uthutho lwemibhobho lukwajongene nokuba nokwenzeka kwe-hydrogen embrittlement ebangelwa kukuphuncuka kwe-hydrogen. Kwixesha elizayo, kusafuneka ukuqhubela phambili ukuphucula iikhemikhali kunye neepropati zemishini yezinto zombhobho.Inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo yenziwe kwi-teknoloji yokugcinwa kwe-hydrogen ye-liquid kunye ne-metal hydride ye-hydrogen yokugcina iteknoloji, kodwa ibhalansi phakathi kwe-hydrogen yokugcina ubuninzi, ukhuseleko kunye neendleko azikasonjululwa, kwaye kusekho i-gap ethile phakathi kwezicelo zorhwebo ezinkulu.
Inkqubo ekhethekileyo yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye namasebe amaninzi kunye nolungelelwaniso lwemimandla emininzi kunye nentsebenziswano ayikafezeki."Isicwangciso seXesha eliPhakathi kunye nexesha elide loPhuhliso lweShishini laMandla e-Hydrogen (2021-2035) "yisicwangciso sokuqala sophuhliso lwamandla e-hydrogen kwinqanaba likazwelonke, kodwa isicwangciso esikhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo zisafuna ukuphuculwa. Kwixesha elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ngakumbi ulwalathiso, iinjongo kunye nezinto eziphambili zophuhliso lwamashishini.Ikhonkco loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen libandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zetekhnoloji kunye nemimandla yoshishino. Okwangoku, kusekho iingxaki ezifana nokungonelanga kwentsebenziswano yoluleko kunye nokungonelanga kolungelelwaniso lwesebe.Ngokomzekelo, ukwakhiwa kwezikhululo ze-hydrogen refueling kufuna intsebenziswano yamasebe amaninzi njengenkunzi, iteknoloji, iziseko zophuhliso, kunye nolawulo lweekhemikhali eziyingozi. Okwangoku, kukho iingxaki ezifana namagunya afanelekileyo angacacanga, ubunzima ekuvunyweni, kunye neepropati ze-hydrogen zisekho iikhemikhali ezinobungozi kuphela, ezibeka ingozi enkulu kuphuhliso loshishino. iingxaki ezinkulu.
Sikholelwa ukuba itekhnoloji, amaqonga kunye neetalente ngamanqaku okukhula ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwelizwe lam loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen.
Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuphucula ngokuqhubekayo inqanaba letekhnoloji ephambili engundoqo.Iteknoloji entsha ingundoqo wophuhliso loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen.Kwixesha elizayo, ilizwe lam liya kuqhubeka nokukhuthaza uphando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ephambili kwimveliso, ukugcinwa, ukuthutha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aluhlaza kunye ne-low-carbon hydrogen.Ukukhawulezisa ukutsha kwetekhnoloji yeproton yokutshintshiselana nge-membrane yeeseli ze-fuel, ukuphuhlisa izinto eziphambili, ukuphucula izibonakaliso eziphambili zokusebenza kunye nomthamo wokuvelisa ubuninzi, kwaye uqhubeke nokuphucula ukuthembeka, ukuzinza kunye nokuqina kweeseli zepetroli.Iinzame ziya kwenziwa ukukhuthaza i-R&D kunye nokuveliswa kwamacandelo angundoqo kunye nezixhobo eziphambili.Ukukhawulezisa uphuculo lokuguqulwa kwemveliso ye-hydrogen yamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nesikali semveliso ye-hydrogen ngesixhobo esinye, kwaye wenze impumelelo kwiiteknoloji eziphambili kwikhonkco leziseko zamandla e-hydrogen.Qhubeka uqhuba uphando kwimithetho esisiseko yokhuseleko lwamandla e-hydrogen.Qhubeka nokukhuthaza iteknoloji yamandla e-hydrogen ephucukileyo, izixhobo eziphambili, izicelo zokubonisa kunye nokuveliswa kweemveliso eziphambili, kunye nokwakha inkqubo yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwishishini lamandla e-hydrogen.
Okwesibini, kufuneka sigxininise ekwakhiweni kweqonga lokuxhasa ukusungulwa kweshishini.Ukuphuhliswa koshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kufuneka kugxininise kwiindawo eziphambili kunye namakhonkco abalulekileyo, kunye nokwakha amanqanaba amaninzi kunye neqonga lokuqamba elitsha.Ukuxhasa iiyunivesithi, amaziko ophando, kunye namashishini ukukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kweelabhoratri eziphambili kunye namaqonga ophando anqamlezayo, kunye nokwenza uphando olusisiseko malunga nosetyenziso lwamandla e-hydrogen kunye nophando lwetekhnoloji yokusika.Ekuqaleni kuka-2022, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe kunye neSebe lezeMfundo bakhupha "Ukuvunywa kweNgxelo yoKunokwenzeka kwiNgxelo yeSizwe yoGcino lwaMandla eTekhnoloji yoShishino lweMfundo noHlaziyo lwePlatform yeProjekthi yePlatifomu yaseMntla China yoMbane", uMntla China. Amandla oMbane University National Energy Storage Technology Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform Project Yavunywa ngokusemthethweni kwaye yaba batch yokuqala yeekholeji kunye neeyunivesithi ukuba "ngomyalelo".Emva koko, iZiko laseMntla laseTshayina laMandla oMbane kwiYunivesithi yeHydrogen Energy Technology Innovation Centre yasekwa ngokusesikweni.Iqonga lokutsha kunye neziko lokutsha lijolise kuphando lobugcisa kwimimandla yokugcina amandla e-electrochemical, amandla e-hydrogen kunye neteknoloji yesicelo kwigridi yamandla, kunye nokukhuthaza ngenkuthalo uphuhliso loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kazwelonke.
Okwesithathu, kuyimfuneko ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kweqela leengcali zamandla e-hydrogen.Inqanaba letekhnoloji kunye nesikali seshishini lamandla e-hydrogen liye laqhubeka ukwenza impumelelo. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini lamandla e-hydrogen lijongene nomsantsa omkhulu kwiqela letalente, ngakumbi ukunqongophala okukhulu kweetalente ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu.Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, "iNzululwazi yaMandla e-Hydrogen kunye nobuNjineli" engundoqo ebhengezwe yiYunivesithi yaseNyakatho ye-China yaMandla oMbane yabandakanywa ngokusemthethweni kwikhathalogu yabafundi abanezidanga eziphambili kwiikholeji eziqhelekileyo kunye neeyunivesithi, kunye noqeqesho lwe "Hydrogen Energy Science and Engineering" luqukiwe isifundo esitsha sezifundo ezahlukeneyo.Olu qeqesho luya kuthatha ubunjineli bamandla, ubunjineli be-thermophysics, ubunjineli bemichiza kunye nolunye uqeqesho njengoko luhamba, ludibanisa imveliso ye-hydrogen, ukugcinwa kwe-hydrogen kunye nokuthutha, ukhuseleko lwe-hydrogen, amandla e-hydrogen kunye nezinye iikhosi zemodyuli zamandla e-hydrogen, kwaye baphumeze yonke i-interdisciplinary esisiseko kwaye uphando olusetyenzisiweyo. Iza kubonelela ngenkxaso yetalente efanelekileyo yokufezekisa inguqu ekhuselekileyo yesakhiwo samandla selizwe lam, kunye nophuhliso lwelizwe lam loshishino lwamandla e-hydrogen kunye noshishino lwamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-16-2022