Ka Labohlano (la 12 Phato), nakong ea lehae, Ofisi ea Liindasteri le Tšireletseho ea Lefapha la Khoebo la United States (BIS) e senotse ho Federal Register molao o mocha oa ho qetela oa nakoana mabapi le lithibelo tsa kantle ho naha tse thibelang.moralo oa GAAFET (Full Gate Field Effect Transistor). ) Software ea EDA/ECAD e hlokahalang bakeng sa lipotoloho tse kopaneng tsa meralo; lisebelisoa tsa ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor tse emeloang ke daemane le gallium oxide; mahlale a mane a kang khatello ea khatello ea motlakase (PGC) e sebelisoang lienjineng tsa turbine ea khase ho kenya ts'ebetsong litsamaiso tse ncha tsa thomello, letsatsi le sebetsang la thibelo ea kajeno (August 15).
Har'a mekhoa e mene ea theknoloji, EDA ke eona e hapang mahlo ka ho fetisisa, e hlalosoang ke 'maraka e le lithibelo tse ling tsa indasteri ea chip ea Chaena ke United States ka mor'a "Chip and Science Act", e amang ka ho toba lik'hamphani tsa malapeng tse etsang 3nm le tse tsoetseng pele ho feta. lihlahisoa tsa chip.Leha ho le joalo, moralo oa 3-nanometer ha o sebelisoe hangata Chaena hajoale, mme phello ea eona ea nakoana e lekanyelitsoe.
Ntle le ts'ebetso ea 3nm, ho tjhaja ka potlako ha 800V ho ka ameha
EDA (Electronics Design Automation) ke boqapi ba elektroniki, e leng karolo ea bohlokoa le ea bohlokoa ea moralo oa chip IC (integrated circuit). Ke ea indasteri e holimo ea tlhahiso ea li-chip, e sebetsanang le lits'ebetso tsohle tse joalo ka moralo o kopaneng oa potoloho, lithapo, netefatso le ketsiso.EDA e bitsoa "mme oa lichifi" indastering.
Tlaleho ea Lipatlisiso ea Machaba ea Tianfeng e bontšitse hore haeba tlhahiso ea chip e bapisoa le ho haha mohaho, moralo oa IC ke setšoantšo sa moralo, 'me software ea EDA ke sesebelisoa sa ho etsa litšoantšo, empa software ea EDA e rarahane haholo ho feta software ea moralo oa meralo.
ECAD (Electronic Computer Aid Design software) e na le sebaka se pharaletseng ho feta EDA, 'me thibelo e bolela hore software eohle e amanang le eona e koahetsoe.Ho latela Lefapha la Khoebo la United States, ECAD ke sehlopha sa lisebelisoa tsa software tse sebelisetsoang ho rala, ho sekaseka, ho ntlafatsa le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea potoloho e kopaneng kapa boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng.E sebelisoa ho rala lipotoloho tse kopaneng tse kopaneng lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa sesole, sefofane le liindasteri tsa ts'ireletso.
Theknoloji ea transistor ea GAAFET ke theknoloji e tsoetseng pele haholo ha e bapisoa le FinFET transistors (fin field effect transistors), theknoloji ea FinFET e ka fihlela li-nanometer tse 3, ha GAAFET e khona ho fihlela li-nanometer tse peli.
Ena ke taolo ea boraro ea thomello e qaliloeng ke United States khahlano le China lekaleng la EDA.Ea pele e ne e le khahlano le ZTE ka 2018 mme ea bobeli e ne e le khahlano le Huawei ka 2019.Ntle le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki tse joalo ka mehala ea mehala ea Apple le likhomphutha, li-chips tse sebelisang mokhoa o tsoetseng pele oa tlhahiso 'marakeng ke lichifi tse nang le matla a phahameng a komporo, joalo ka li-GPU tse sebelisetsoang bohlale ba maiketsetso, le li-server tse sebelisoang litsing tsa data le cloud computing. .
Baqapi ba bang ba li-chip ba boletse hore phello ea nako e khuts'oane ea tekanyo ena ea taolo e lekanyelitsoe, hobane meralo ea 3-nanometer ha e sebelisoe hangata Chaena. Li-chips tse ling tsa AI le li-chips tsa GPU li sebelisa li-nanometer tse 7, athe li-TV, mabokose a holimo, le li-chips tsa boemo ba likoloi boholo ba tsona ke 28 nm. nanometer kapa 16 nanometer.Bashebelli ba bang ba indasteri ba lumela hore United States e batla ho etsa hore naha ea Chaena e se be le lisebelisoa tsa ho rala li-chips tsa boemo bo holimo tsa 3 nanometers ho ea tlase, mme moralo o ts'oarehile ho li-nanometers tse 5, mme tlhahiso e ts'oaretsoe ho li-nanometer tse 7.Joale, sebaka se pakeng tsa Chaena le United States ka k'homphieutha e potlakileng, AI ea maiketsetso, joalo-joalo e tla atolosoa.
Ho ea ka maikutlo a motho oa chip, lebaka la mantlha le etsang hore United States e hatelle EDA ke ho laola matla a tlhahiso ea lichifi tsa lapeng.
Ho phaella ho software ea EDA lekhetlong lena, lisebelisoa tse peli tsa semiconductor li boetse li ameha: gallium oxide (Ga2O3) le likaroloana tsa daemane, tseo ka bobeli e leng lisebelisoa tsa ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor.Lisebelisoa tse joalo li lebeletsoe hore li sebetse tlas'a maemo a thata, a kang li-voltage tse phahameng kapa mocheso o phahameng.
Lisebelisoa tsena li ntse li tsoela pele 'me ha li e-s'o ntlafatsoe ka bongata,' me theknoloji e tsepamisitsoe haholo Japane le United States.Leha ho le joalo, li-chips tse entsoeng ka lisebelisoa tsena li tla ba tse loketseng maemo a mangata a indasteri joalo ka matla a macha, polokelo ea matla a marang-rang, likhokahano, joalo-joalo, 'me ka hona li tla ba tsa bohlokoa haholo.
Ha re nka mohlala oa likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase, hajoale, lik'hamphani tse ncha tsa likoloi tsa matla tse kang Xiaopeng Motors, BYD, Li Auto, le BAIC Jihu li se li sebelisitse theknoloji ea ho tjhaja ka potlako ea 800V, 'me e tla hlahisoa ka bongata selemong sena.Lisebelisoa tsa matla tse entsoeng ka thepa ea gallium oxide li ka sebelisoa mahlaleng ana a ho tjhaja ka potlako.
Monyetla oa "katleho" oa EDA oa lapeng
"Haeba u rala sehlahisoa sa chip ea 5-nanometer 'me u sebelisa software e holimo-limo ea EDA lefatšeng, litšenyehelo li ka laoloa ka lidolara tse limilione tse 40 tsa Amerika, empa ntle le tšehetso ea software ea EDA, litšenyehelo tsa ho rala chip ea 5-nanometer li ka ba holimo haholo. 7.7 lidolara tsa Amerika. Dolara ea Amerika e haufi le lekhalo la makhetlo a ka bang 200. ” Motho ea amehang ea ikarabellang k'hamphaning ea software ea lehae ea CAD (moqapi o thusoang ke komporo) o ile a bala ak'haonte.
Hajoale, 'maraka oa lefats'e oa indasteri ea EDA o phahame haholo. Litonanahali tse tharo tsa EDA Synopsy (Synopsy), Cadence (Kedence Electronics), le Mentor Graphics (Mentor International, e fumanoeng ke Siemens Jeremane ka 2016) li lula li le teng ho feta 70% ea 'maraka oa lefats'e. karolo ea 'maraka,' me e ka fana ka lisebelisoa tse felletseng tsa EDA, tse koahelang ts'ebetso eohle kapa boholo ba ts'ebetso ea moralo o kopaneng oa potoloho le tlhahiso.
Likhamphani tse tharo li na le litšobotsi tsa tsona lihlahisoa, 'me tsepamiso le melemo ea IP (thepa ea bohlale) li fapane haholo. Lihlahisoa tsa bona li na le karolo ea 'maraka ea 85% Chaena.Theknoloji ea ts'ebetso ea kaho ea 3-nanometer GAAFET eo Samsung e qetang ho e sebelisa ka Phuptjane selemong sena e phethetsoe ka thuso ea Synopsys and Cadence.
Lik'hamphani tsa lihlopha tsa bobeli li emeloa ke ANSYS, Silvaco, Aldec Inc, Huada Jiutian, joalo-joalo Ba na le ts'ebetso eohle libakeng tse itseng 'me ba tsoetse pele ho feta theknoloji masimong a sebaka seo.Lik'hamphani tsa echelon ea boraro li kenyelletsa Altium, Concept Engineering, Introduction Electronics, Guangliwei, Sierxin, DownStream Technologies, joalo-joalo Sebopeho sa EDA se thehiloe haholo-holo ho lisebelisoa tsa lintlha, 'me ho na le khaello ea lihlahisoa tsa ts'ebetso e feletseng masimong a itseng.
Boholo ba lik'hamphani tsa meralo ea li-chip tsa malapeng li ntse li sebelisa software ea indasteri ea EDA e tsoang kantle ho naha ho rala li-chips. Ka 1993, Huada Jiutian o ile a lokolla software ea pele ea lehae ea EDA - Panda ICCAD system, e fihletseng katleho ho EDA ea lehae ho tloha 0 ho isa ho 1.Ka 2020, 'marakeng oa China oa EDA, ho latela sekhahla sa lekeno, Huada Jiutian o behile maemong a bone.
Ka la 29 Phupu, Huada Jiutian o ile a lula ka molao 'Marakeng oa Khoebo oa Growth, ka keketseho ea 126% ka letsatsi la pele la lethathamo, mme boleng ba eona ba mmaraka bo feta li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 40.Huada Jiutian o boletse ho prospectus hore boholo ba sebopeho sa eona sa potoloho ea dijithale lihlahisoa tsa EDA li ka ts'ehetsa ts'ebetso ea 5-nanometer; Gelun Electronics e boletse tlalehong ea eona ea selemo le selemo hore lisebelisoa tse ling li ka tšehetsa ts'ebetso ea 7-nanometer, 5-nanometer le 3-nanometer.
Chelete ea Huada Jiutian ka 2021 ke li-yuan tse limilione tse 580, 'me lekhetho la Gailun Electronics le ka tlase ho li-yuan tse limilione tse 200.Li-synopsy tsa lefats'e tsa No. 1 li na le chelete e ka bang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 26 le phaello ea li-yuan tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 5.
Tlaleho ea Lipatlisiso ea Machabeng ea Tianfeng e bontšitse hore hoa hlokahala hore ho be le lehae. Ho na le likaroloana tse ka bang 40 tsa ketane ea lisebelisoa tsa EDA. Linatla tse tharo li fihletse ts'ebetso ea ketane eohle ea indasteri, ha moetapele oa lehae Huada Jiutian hajoale a na le sekhahla sa ts'ireletso ea hoo e ka bang 40%. Tse ling Lihlahisoa tsa baetsi ba malapeng ba EDA hangata ke lisebelisoa tsa lintlha.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ho na le lik'hamphani tse ka bang 100 tsa lisebelisoa tsa meralo Chaena.EDA e arotsoe ka lisebelisoa tsa moralo oa analog chip le lisebelisoa tsa moralo oa dijithale.Lik'hamphani tse ling tsa malapeng li rarolotse mokhoa oohle oa ho rala li-analog chips.Lisebelisoa tsa moralo bakeng sa li-chips tsa dijithale li thata ho feta. Hoo e ka bang "lisebelisoa tsa lintlha" tse ka bang 120 li kenyelelitsoe ts'ebetsong ea moralo, 'me lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele li etsoa ho sesebelisoa ka seng sa lintlha.
Ho na le maikutlo a hore bakeng sa sephutheloana sa United States, tsela e le 'ngoe feela ea ho ntlafatsa boemo ba software ea EDA ea malapeng ke ho ntlafatsa ka potlako boemo ba software ea malapeng ea EDA, le likhoebo tsa malapeng li lokela ho kopana, esita le Huawei HiSilicon le liunivesithi tsa malapeng li lokela ho kenya letsoho. ka ho theha maqhama bakeng sa ntshetsopele e kopanetsweng.Ka tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea lichifi tsa lapeng, EDA ea lapeng ha e na menyetla 'marakeng oa bareki.
Nako ea poso: Aug-15-2022