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Ndedzipi nyika dzine zvinosungirwa zvinodikanwa zvesimba remagetsi ezvigadzirwa zvemotokari?

Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika yedu simba rekushandisa zvinodiwa kutimota dzemagetsiuye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Yakateedzana yezvishoma zvinodiwa zvemagetsi mota simba rekuita zvakanaka zviyero zvinomiririrwa neGB 18613 zvishoma nezvishoma zviri kusimudzirwa nekushandiswa, senge GB30253 uye GB30254 zviyero. Kunyanya kumamota-chinangwa mota dzine kudyiwa kwakakura, iyo 2020 vhezheni yeGB18613 yakajairwa yakatemesa IE3 simba rekuita nhanho seyakaderera muganho kukosha kwerudzi urwu rwemota. International top level.

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Nemaitiro ese ekuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza munyika, nyika dzakasiyana dzine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvesimba remagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, asi iyo nzira yese ndeyekuenda kune yakanyanya kushanda uye kuchengetedza simba. Dzora zvinodiwa mwero uye ugovane nemunhu wese.

Makambani emotokari anoita bhizinesi rekutengesa kunze anofanirwa kunzwisisa zvinodikanwa zvakadzama, kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemitemo yenyika, uye anogona chete kutenderera mumusika wekutengesa wepamba. Kuti vatenderere mumusika wepasi rose nezvinodiwa zvesimba rekushandisa kana zvimwe zvinodiwa nemunhu, vanofanirwa kuzadzisa zviyero zvemuno. Zvinoda.

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1. America

Muna 1992, dare reCongress reUnited States rakapasisa mutemo weEPACT Act, uyo wairatidza kukosha kwemotikari shoma uye yaida kuti kubva musi wa24 Gumiguru, 1997, mota dzese dzinotengeswa muUnited States dzinofanirwa kuzadzisa indekisi ichangoburwa. , iyo EPACT kunyatsoshanda indekisi.

Iyo indekisi inoshanda yakatsanangurwa neEPACT ndiyo yeavhareji kukosha kweiyo yepamusoro-inoshanda mota indekisi inogadzirwa nevakuru vanogadzira mota muUnited States panguva iyoyo.Muna 2001, iyo United States Energy Efficiency Coalition (CEE) neNational Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) vakabatana vakagadzira iyo yekupedzisira-yepamusoro-inoshanda mota standard, inonzi NEMAPemium standard.Izvo zvekutanga kuita zvinodiwa zveiyi chiyero zvinowirirana neEPACT, uye indekisi yekushanda kwayo inotaridza chiyero chazvino cheavhareji-yepamusoro-soro mota mumusika weUS, iri 1 kusvika 3 muzana mapoinzi akakwira kupfuura EPACT index, uye kurasikirwa. inenge 20% yakaderera pane EPACT index.

Parizvino, iyo NEMAPemium chiyero inonyanya kushandiswa seyereferensi chiyero cherubatsiro chinopihwa nemakambani emagetsi kukurudzira vashandisi kutenga ekupedzisira-yepamusoro-inoshanda mota. NEMAPmium motors inokurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe muzviitiko apo kushanda kwepagore kuri> maawa 2000 uye chiyero chemutoro chiri> 75%.

Chirongwa cheNEMAPremium chinoitwa neNEMA chibvumirano chekuzvipira kweindasitiri. Nhengo dzeNEMA dzinosaina chibvumirano ichi uye dzinogona kushandisa logo yeNEMAPremium mushure mekunge yasvika pachiyero. Vasiri nhengo vanogona kushandisa logo iyi mushure mekubhadhara imwe muripo.

EPACT inotaura kuti kuyerwa kwekuita kwemotokari kunotora nzira yekuyedza mota chiyero IEEE112-B yeAmerican Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

2. European Union

Pakati pemakore ekuma1990, European Union yakatanga kuita tsvakiridzo nekugadzirisa mutemo pakuchengetedza simba remotokari.

Muna 1999, European Commission's Transport and Energy Agency neEuropean Motor and Power Electronics Manufacturers Association (CE-MEP) yakasvika chibvumirano chekuzvidira pachirongwa chemagetsi emagetsi emhando yemagetsi (chinonzi chibvumirano cheEU-CEMEP), icho chinorongedza danho rekushanda. yemagetsi emagetsi, ayo anoti:

eff3 - kushanda kwakaderera (Lowefficiency) motokari;

eff2——Kunatsiridza kushanda zvakanaka mota;

eff1 - kushanda kwepamusoro (Yakakwirira) motokari.

(Kurongeka kwenyika yedu kwesimba remagetsi rakafanana nereEuropean Union.)

Mushure me2006, kugadzirwa uye kutenderera kweeff3-kirasi yemagetsi mota zvinorambidzwa.Chibvumirano ichi zvakare chinoti vagadziri vanofanirwa kunyora kucherechedzwa kwegiredhi rekuita uye kukosha kwekuita pazita rechigadzirwa uye sampuli data sheet, kuitira kufambisa kusarudzwa uye kuzivikanwa kwevashandisi, izvo zvakare zvinoumba ekutanga simba rekushandisa paramita yeEU Electric. Motor EuPs Directive.

Chibvumirano cheEU-CEMEP chinoitwa mushure mekusaina nekuzvidira nenhengo dzeECMEP, uye vagadziri vasiri nhengo, vanopinza uye vatengesi vanogamuchirwa kutora chikamu.Parizvino, kune 36 makambani anogadzirakusanganisiraSiemens muGermany, ABB muSwitzerland, BrookCromton muUnited Kingdom, uye Leroy-Somer muFrance, inovhara 80% yekugadzirwa muEurope.MuDenmark, vashandisi vane mota inoshanda yakakwira kupfuura yakaderera mwero vanopihwa rubatsiro neEnergy Agency yeDKK zana kana mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu pakW. Iyo yekutanga inoshandiswa kutenga mota muzvirimwa zvitsva, uye iyo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa kutsiva yekare mota. MuNetherlands, mukuwedzera kune rubatsiro rwekutenga, ivo vanopawo Tax incentives; iyo UK inosimudzira shanduko yemusika wezvigadzirwa zvinochengetedza simba senge mota dzinoshanda zvakanyanya nekudzikisa uye kusabvisa mitero yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuita "chirongwa chekuvandudza mari yekudyara". Shingairira kuunza zvigadzirwa zvinochengetedza simba zvinosanganisiramota dzepamusoro-soropaInternet, uye kupa ruzivo pamusoro pezvigadzirwa izvi, mhinduro dzekuchengetedza simba uye nzira dzekugadzira.

3. Kanadha

Canadian Standards Association neCanadian Motor Industry Association vakagadzira mwero wakakurudzirwa wemagetsi mashoma wemamota muna 1991. Indekisi yekugonesa yeiyi mwero yakadzikira zvishoma pane yakazotevera American EPACT index.Nekuda kwekukosha kwezvinhu zvesimba, Paramende yeCanada yakapasisawo Energy Efficiency Act (EEACT) muna 1992, iyo inosanganisira mashoma emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi. inoshanda.Iyi chiyero inosimbiswa nemutemo, saka mota dzemhando yepamusoro dzakasimudzirwa nekukurumidza.

4. Australia

Kuti ichengetedze simba nekuchengetedza nharaunda, hurumende yeAustralia yakaita hurongwa hwekushandisa simba rekushandisa zvakanaka kana chirongwa cheMEPS chemidziyo yemumba nemidziyo yemumaindasitiri kubvira 1999, inotungamirwa neHofisi yeGreenhouse Gas yehurumende yeAustralia yakabatana neAustralian Standards Council. .

Australia yakabatanidza mota muchikamu cheMEPS, uye miitiro yayo yemagetsi yakatenderwa uye yakatanga kushanda muna Gumiguru 2001. Nhamba yakajairwa ndeye AS/NZS1359.5. Mota dzinoda kugadzirwa uye kutengwa kunze kwenyika muAustralia neNew Zealand dzinofanirwa kusangana kana kudarika zviyero zvakatemwa muchiyero ichi. Minimum kunyatsoshanda chiratidzo.

Iyo chiyero inogona kuyedzwa nenzira mbiri dzekuedza, saka maviri seti ezviratidzo anotsanangurwa: imwe seti indekisi yenzira A, inoenderana neAmerican IEEE112-B nzira; imwe seti indekisi yeB nzira, inoenderana neIEC34-2, indekisi yayo Kukosha kwakangofanana neEff2 yeEU-CEMEP.

Pamusoro pezviyero zvidiki zvinosungirwa, chiyero chinonongedzawo zviratidziro zvemotokari, izvo zvinokurudzirwa zviyero uye zvinokurudzira vashandisi kuzvitora.Kukosha kwayo kwakafanana neEffl yeEU-CEMEP uye EPACT yekuUnited States.

Nguva yekutumira: Oct-06-2022