What is the most serious failure of high-voltage motors?

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekutadza kwe AC yakakwira-voltage mota. Nechikonzero ichi, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore seti yenzira dzakanangwa uye dzakajeka dzekugadzirisa matambudziko emhando dzakasiyana dzekutadza, uye kupa mazano anobatsira ekudzivirira ekubvisa kukundikana mune yakakwira-voltage motors panguva yakakodzera. , kuitira kuti kukundikana kwehuwandu hwemagetsi e-high-voltage kunoderedzwa gore negore.

Ndedzipi zvikanganiso zvakajairika zvema-high-voltage motors? Vanofanira kubatwa sei nazvo?

1. Motor kutonhora hurongwa kutadza

Kutadza kuongorora

Nekuda kwezvido zvekugadzira, ma-high-voltage motors anotanga kazhinji, ane mavibrations akakura, uye ane mahombe emuchina, ayo anogona kukonzeresa kutonhora kwemotor circulation system kuti isashande. Izvi zvinonyanya kusanganisira marudzi anotevera:

Chekutanga,iyo yekunze inotonhorera pombi yemota yakakuvadzwa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwepakati yekutonhodza, izvo zvinozoderedza kutonhora kweiyo yakakwira-voltage mota kutonhora system. Kutonhodza simba kwakavharwa, zvichiita kuti tembiricha yemota ikwire;

Chepiri,mushure mokunge mvura inotonhora ichiderera, pombi dzinotonhorera dzakasvibiswa uye dzakavharwa netsvina, zvichiita kuti motokari iwedzere;

Chetatu,mamwe mapombi anotonhora uye ekupisa anopisa ane zvinodiwa zvakakwirira zvekupisa kupisa basa uye kupisa conductivity. Nekuda kweiyo shrinkage madhigirii akasiyana pakati pezvinhu zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, mapundu anosara. Matambudziko oxidation uye ngura anoitika pamubatanidzwa pakati pezviviri, uye mvura inotonhorera inopinda mavari. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mota ichaita tsaona ye "kupfura", uye iyo mota unit inomira yega, zvichiita kuti mota isashande zvakanaka.

Kugadzirisa nzira

Chengetedza pombi yekutonhodza yekunze kuti uderedze tembiricha yepakati yekutonhodza pombi yepakati.Kuvandudza kunaka kwemvura inotonhodza uye kuderedza mikana yetsvina mupombi dzinotonhodza mvura dzinoita ngura nekuvharira nzira dzekutonhodza.Lubricant kuchengetwa mu condenser kunoderedza kupisa kwekupisa kweiyo condenser uye kudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura refrigerant.Tichifunga nezvekudonha kwealuminum yekunze yekutonhodza mapaipi, probe yeinobvinza detector inofamba pedyo nenzvimbo dzese dzinobuda. Pazvikamu zvinoda kuongororwa, senge majoini, welds, nezvimwewo, iyo system inomhanyisa zvakare kuitira kuti iyo inodonha yekuona agent inogona kushandiswa zvakare. Icho chaicho chirongwa ndechekutora nzira dzekuchengetedza dzekutsika, kuisa uye kuisa chisimbiso.Paunenge uchigadzira pane-saiti kugadzirisa, glue inofanirwa kuiswa kunzvimbo yekuvuza yealuminium yekunze inotonhorera pombi yeakakwira-voltage mota, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzivirira kubata pakati pesimbi nealuminium uye kuwana yakanaka anti-oxidation mhedzisiro.

2. Motor rotor kukundikana

Kutadza kuongorora

Munguva yekutanga uye kuremerwa kwekushanda kwemota, pasi pesimba remasimba akasiyana-siyana, pfupi-yedunhu mhete yemukati rotor yemota inosungirirwa kumucheka wemhangura, zvichiita kuti tambo yemhangura yemota rotor isununguke zvishoma nezvishoma. Kazhinji, nekuti mhete yekugumira haina kuumbwa kubva pachidimbu chemhangura, Musono we welding hauna kunyatso kusungirirwa uye unogona kukonzera kutsemuka zviri nyore nekuda kwekushushikana kwekupisa panguva yekushanda.Kana simbi yemhangura nesimbi yakanyanyisa kuenderana, simbi yemhangura inozunguzika mugororo, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti simbi yemhangura kana kuti rin'i yekugumisira ipambuke.Mukuwedzera, nzira yekuisa haina kuitwa nemazvo, zvichiita kuti pave nekamwe roughening effect pamusoro petambo yewaya. Kana kupisa kusingagoni kuparara munguva, kunokonzera zvakanyanya kuwedzera uye deformation, zvichiita kuti rotor vibration iwedzere.

Kugadzirisa nzira

Chekutanga pane zvese, iyo welding breakpoints yeyakakwira-voltage mota rotor inofanirwa kuongororwa, uye marara ari mukati kati slot anofanira kunyatsocheneswa. Kunyanya tarisa kana pane akatyoka mbariro, makatsemuka uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa, shandisa mhangura zvinhu zvemhangura kuti weld pane welding breaks, uye simbisa ese screws. Mushure mekupedza, kushanda kwakajairika kunotanga.Ita ongororo yakadzama ye rotor winding kuti utarise kudzivirira. Kana yangowanikwa, inoda kutsiviwa nenguva kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya kwesimbi yesimbi.Gara uchitarisa mamiriro ekusimbisa mabhaudhi, dzosera rotor, uye kuyera kurasikirwa kwepakati kana zvichidikanwa.

3. High-voltage motor stator coil kukundikana

Kutadza kuongorora

Pakati pe-high-voltage motor kukanganisa, kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekukuvadza kune stator winding insulation account kune inodarika 40%.Kana mota yakakwira-voltage ikatanga uye kumira nekukurumidza kana kuchinja mutoro nekukurumidza, mechanical vibration inokonzeresa kuti stator core uye stator winding ifambe yakabatana kune imwe neimwe, zvichikonzera kuparara kwe insulation nekuda kwekupisa kwekupisa.Kuwedzera kwekushisa kunowedzera kuparara kwenzvimbo yekudzivirira uye kuchinja mamiriro ekudzivirira kwepamusoro, nekudaro zvichikonzera shanduko yekuchinja kune chokuita nemamiriro ekudzivirira.Nekuda kwemafuta, mhute yemvura uye tsvina pamhepo inomonereka uye kubuda pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zve stator winding, iyo tsvuku anti-halo pendi pamusoro peiyo high-voltage lead insulation layer pachikamu chekusangana yashanduka kuita nhema.Iyo yepamusoro-voltage lead part yakaongororwa uye yakawanikwa kuti chikamu chakaputsika chepamusoro-voltage lead yaive pamucheto we stator frame. Kuenderera mberi kwekushanda munzvimbo ine hunyoro kwakakonzera kuchembera kweiyo insulation layer ye high-voltage lead wire ye stator winding, zvichikonzera kuderera kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwemhepo.

Kugadzirisa nzira

Zvinoenderana nemamiriro enzvimbo yekuvaka, iyo yakakwira-voltage inotungamira chikamu chemotor winding inotanga yakaputirwa ne insulating tepi.Maererano ne "hanging handle" nzira inowanzoshandiswa nekugadzirisavemagetsi, zvishoma nezvishoma simudza iyo yepamusoro slot edge yekoiri yakashata 30 kusvika 40 mm kure nemadziro emukati we stator core uye edza kuigadzirisa.Shandisa chisimbi chakareruka chekubikira kuti utange kusungirira chikamu chichangobva kuputirwa, shandisa poda mica tepi kusvika hafu-kupeta chikamu chakatwasuka chedenga rekumusoro kuti uivhare kubva pasi kwezvikamu gumi kusvika gumi nemaviri, wozoputira mhino dzemigumo miviri. iyo yakatarisana slot coil kuti insulate kubva pasi, uye bevel kumucheto kwekoiri inopera Isa yakakwirira-resistance semiconductor pendi kune zvikamu zvine brashi kureba kwe12mm.Zvakanakisisa kupisa uye kutonhora kaviri imwe neimwe.Shinga masiruuru zvakare usati wapisa kechipiri.

4. Kubereka kukundikana

Kutadza kuongorora

Deep groove ball bearings uye cylindrical roller bearings anonyanya kushandiswa mumamota-high-voltage motors. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekutadza kutakura mota kutadza kuisirwa uye kutadza kuisa zvinoenderana nemirairo inoenderana.Kana iyo lubricant isingakodzeri, kana tembiricha isina kujairika, kuita kwegirisi kuchachinjawo zvakanyanya.Izvi zviitiko zvinoita kuti mabearings aende kumatambudziko uye anotungamira mukutadza kwemota.Kana iyo coil isina kunyatsogadziriswa, iyo coil nesimbi musimboti inozununguka, uye iyo yekumisikidza inotakura yakawandisa axial mutoro, izvo zvinokonzeresa kupisa kupisa.

Kugadzirisa nzira

Special bearings for motors zvinosanganisira akavhurika uye akavharwa marudzi, uye kusarudzwa chaiko kunofanirwa kuenderana nemamiriro chaiwo.Kune mabheji, kubvumidzwa kwakakosha uye girizi kunoda kusarudzwa. Paunenge uchiisa kubereka, teerera kusarudzwa kwekuzora. Dzimwe nguva mafuta ane EP additives anoshandiswa, uye chidimbu chemafuta chinogona kuiswa mukati memukati sleeve. Girisi inogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwekushanda kwemabhengi emota.Sarudza nemazvo mabearings uye shandisa mabearings nemazvo kuti uderedze radial clearance yebearing mushure mekuiswa uye shandisa isina kudzika yekunze mhete yemujaho wemujaho kudzivirira.Paunenge uchiunganidza mota, zvinodikanwawo kunyatso tarisa zviyero zvinofananidzwa zvekutakura uye rotor shaft paunenge uchiisa kubereka.

5. Kuputsika kwekudzivirira

Kutadza kuongorora

Kana nharaunda iine hunyoro uye magetsi uye ekupisa conductivity kuri kushoma, zviri nyore kuita kuti tembiricha yemota ikwire zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuti rubber insulation iparare kana kupeperetswa, zvichiita kuti zvinotungamira zvisunungure, kutsemuka kana kunyange arc discharge matambudziko. .Axial vibration inokonzeresa kupokana pakati peiyo coil pamusoro uye padhi uye musimboti, zvichikonzera kupera kweiyo semiconductor anti-corona layer kunze kwecoil. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, ichaparadza zvakananga kuvharidzira kukuru, zvichiita kuti kuparara kwekuvhara kukuru.Kana iyo yakakwira-voltage mota ichinyorova, kukosha kwekupokana kweiyo insulation zvinhu haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zveyakakwira-voltage mota, zvichiita kuti mota isashande; iyo yakakwira-voltage mota yakashandiswa kwenguva yakareba, iyo anti-corrosion layer uye iyo stator core haina kubatwa zvakanaka, arcing inoitika, uye mamhepo emota anoputsika, zvichiita kuti mota ipedze kusashanda. ; Mushure mokunge tsvina yemukati yemafuta e-high-voltage motor yakanyudzwa mumudziyo mukuru, zviri nyore kukonzera pfupi pfupi pakati pekutendeuka kwe stator coil, nezvimwewo. Kusagadzikana kwemukati wemotikari yepamusoro-voltage inogonawo kutungamirira nyore nyore kukundikana kwemotokari. .

Kugadzirisa nzira

Insulation tekinoroji ndeimwe yeakakosha maitiro matekinoroji mukugadzira mota uye kugadzirisa.Kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemotokari kwenguva yakareba, kupisa kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kunofanira kuvandudzwa.Iyo inodzivirira layer ye semiconductor zvinhu kana simbi zvinhu zvinoiswa mukati meiyo main insulation kuti ivandudze kugovera kwevoltage pamusoro.Iyo yakakwana yekugadzika sisitimu ndeimwe yematanho akakosha kuti sisitimu irambe kukanganiswa kwemagetsi.

Ndeipi yakanyanya kutadza kutadza kweakakwira-voltage mota?

1. Kukanganisa kwakajairika kwe-high-voltage motors

Electromagnetic kukundikana

(1) Phase-to-phase short circuit ye stator winding

Phase-to-phase short circuit ye stator winding ndiyo yakanyanya kukanganisa motokari. Iyo inokonzeresa kukuvadza kwakakomba kune inotenderedza insulation yemota pachayo uye kupisa iyo musimboti wesimbi. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinokonzeresa kuderedzwa kweiyo grid voltage, kukanganisa kana kuparadza yakajairika simba rekushandisa kwevamwe vashandisi.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kubvisa mota yakashata nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.

(2) Inter-turn short circuit yeimwe chikamu chinotenderera

Kana chikamu chinotenderera chemota chipfupi-chinotenderedzwa pakati pekutendeuka, iyo yekukanganisa chikamu ikozvino inowedzera, uye dhigirii rekuwedzera ikozvino rine hukama nenhamba yepfupi-yedunhu inotendeuka. Iyo inter-turn short circuit inoparadza symmetrical mashandiro emota uye inokonzeresa kupisa kwenzvimbo.

(3) Single-phase grounding short circuit

Iyo magetsi ekupa network yeakakwira-voltage motors kazhinji inzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera isina-yakananga pasi system. Kana imwe-chikamu chepasi chikanganiso chikaitika mumotokari yepamusoro-voltage, kana iyo yekugadzika ikozvino yakakura kupfuura 10A, iyo stator core yemotokari ichapiswa.Mukuwedzera, imwe-chikamu chepasi chikanganiso chinogona kukura kuva shanduko-ye-ku-turn-short circuit kana kuti phase-to-phase short circuit. Zvichienderana nehukuru hwepasi ikozvino, motokari yakashata inogona kubviswa kana chiratidzo che alarm chinogona kubudiswa.

(4) Chimwe chikamu chemagetsi ekupa kana stator mhepo inovhurika dunhu

Dunhu rakavhurika rechikamu chimwe chemagetsi ekupa kana stator mhepo inoita kuti mota ishande nekurasikirwa kwechikamu, iyo conduction phase ikozvino inowedzera, tembiricha yemota inokwira zvakanyanya, ruzha runowedzera, uye vibration inowedzera.Misa muchina nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, kana zvisina kudaro mota ichapisa.

(5) Magetsi emagetsi akawandisa kana akaderera

Kana iyo voltage yakanyanyisa, magnetic circuit ye stator core ichazara, uye ikozvino ichawedzera nokukurumidza; kana iyo voltage yakadzikira, mota torque inodzikira, uye stator ikozvino yemota inomhanya nemutoro ichawedzera, zvichiita kuti mota ichipisa, uye mumatambudziko akaoma, mota inopera.

mechanical kukundikana

(1) Kupfeka kupfeka kana kushaya mafuta

Kutakura kutadza kunogona kukonzera kuti kupisa kwemota kukwire uye ruzha ruwedzere. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, mabhengi anogona kuvhara uye mota inogona kupisa.

(2) Kusangana kwakashata kwezvinhu zvemotokari

Pakuunganidza mota, zvibatiso zvema screw hazvina kuenzana uye mukati nekunze zvivharo zvidiki zvemotor zvinokwesha pashaft, zvichiita kuti mota ipise uye iite ruzha.

(3) Gungano rakashata rekubatanidza

Simba rekufambisa re shaft rinowedzera tembiricha yekubereka uye inowedzera vibration yemota.Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, zvinokuvadza mabheya uye kupisa mota.

2. Kudzivirirwa kwema-high-voltage motors

Phase-to-phase short circuit kuchengetedza

Kureva, ikozvino kukurumidza-kupwanya kana longitudinal musiyano chengetedzo inoratidza chikamu-ku-chikamu chipfupi chedunhu kukanganisa kwemota stator. Mota dzine simba risingasviki 2MW dzakashongedzerwa neazvino kukurumidza-break dziviriro; akakosha mota ane huwandu hwe2MW uye pamusoro kana isingasviki 2MW asi ikozvino kukurumidza-kupwanya kudzivirira senitivity haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa uye iine waya nhanhatu dzekubuda dzinogona kuve nekudzivirira kwelongitudinal musiyano. Chikamu-ku-chikamu chekudzivirira-pfupi-chekutenderera chemota chinoshanda pakufamba; kune masynchronous motors ane otomatiki demagnetization zvishandiso, dziviriro inofanirawo kuita pa demagnetization.

Negative kutevedzana kudzivirira ikozvino

Sechidziviriro chemotor inter-turn, kutadza kwechikamu, kudzoreredzwa kwechikamu kutevedzana uye hombe voltage kusaenzana, inogona zvakare kushandiswa seyokuchengetedza kuchengetedza kukuru kwematatu-chikamu ikozvino kusaenzana uye yepakati-chikamu chipfupi chedunhu kukanganisa kwemota.Negative kutevedzana kudzivirirwa ikozvino kunoshanda parwendo kana chiratidzo.

Single phase pasi kudzivirira kukanganisa

Iyo magetsi ekupa network yeakakwira-voltage motors kazhinji idiki ikozvino yekumisa system. Kana imwe-phase grounding ikaitika, chete grounding capacitor current inoyerera nepakati pekukanganisa, izvo zvinowanzokonzera kushomeka kukuvadza.Chete kana iyo yekugadzika ikozvino yakakura kupfuura 5A, kuiswa kweimwe-chikamu chekudzivirira kwepasi kunofanirwa kutariswa. Kana iyo grounding capacitor ikozvino iri 10A uye pamusoro, chengetedzo inogona kushanda nenguva yakatarwa pakufamba; kana iyo grounding capacitance ikozvino iri pazasi 10A, dziviriro inogona kushanda pakutsika kana kusaina.Iyo wiring uye kugadzika kwemota single-phase ground fault protection yakafanana neye line single-phase ground fault protection.

Low voltage kudzivirira

Kana magetsi emagetsi adzikira kwenguva pfupi kana kudzoreredzwa mushure mekuvhiringidzwa, mota zhinji dzinotanga panguva imwe chete, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti voltage idzoke kwenguva yakareba kana kutotadza kupora.Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuzvitangira-kutanga kwemamota akakosha, kune zvisina kukosha mota kana process kana zvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, hazvibvumidzwe kuisa yakaderera-voltage dziviriro pamamotor anozvitanga nekunonoka kuita asati agumburwa..

Overload protection

Kurebesa kwenguva refu kuchaita kuti tembiricha yemota ikwire kupfuura kukosha kunobvumidzwa, zvichiita kuti kuvharirwa kuchembera uye kukonzeresa kutadza.Naizvozvo, mota dzinenge dzichida kuremerwa panguva yekushanda dzinofanirwa kunge dzakashongedzerwa nekudzivirira kwekuremerwa.Zvichienderana nekukosha kwemota uye nemamiriro ezvinhu pasi pekuremerwa kunoitika, chiitiko chinogona kusetwa kuratidza, otomatiki kudzikisira mutoro kana kutsika.

Kudzivirirwa kwenguva refu kwekutanga

Iyo reaction motor yekutanga nguva yakarebesa. Kana iyo chaiyo yekutanga nguva yemota inodarika iyo yakatarwa inotenderwa nguva, dziviriro ichafamba.

Kudzivirira kupisa

Inopindura kuwedzera kwehutano hwakanaka huripo hwe stator kana kuitika kwemaitiro asina kunaka anokonzerwa nechikonzero chero chipi zvacho, zvichiita kuti motokari iwedzere kupisa, uye kudzivirira kunoshanda kune alarm kana rwendo. Overheating inorambidza kutangazve.

Yakamiswa rotor dziviriro (yakanaka kutevedzana overcurrent kudzivirira)

Kana mota yakavharwa panguva yekutanga kana kumhanya, chiito chekudzivirira chinogumbura. Kune masynchronous motors, kunze-kwe-nhanho kuchengetedzwa, kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa kwekudzivirira uye asynchronous mhedzisiro yekudzivirira inofanirawo kuwedzerwa.

Nguva yekutumira: Nov-10-2023