Bearings, sechinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chikamu chezvigadzirwa zvemichina, inoita basa rakakosha mukutsigira shaft inotenderera.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana friction emhando muberengi, fani inokamurwa kuita rolling friction bearing (inonzi rolling bearing) uye inotsvedza inotsvedza (inonzi inotsvedza).Mhando mbiri dzemabheya dzine maitiro avo mukugadzirisa uye zvakanakira nekuipira mukuita.

1. Kufananidzwa kwekukunguruka kwemabhengi uye kutsvedza

1. Kuenzanisa kwemaitiro uye maitiro ekufamba

Musiyano unonyanya kuoneka pakati pekukunguruka nemabhengi akajeka kuvepo kana kusavapo kwezvinhu zvinokunguruka.

(1) Rolling Bearings ane zvinhu zvinotenderedza (mabhora, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, tsono rollers), ayo anotenderera kutsigira shaft inotenderera, saka chikamu chekusangana inzvimbo, iyo yakawanda inokunguruka, iyo yakawanda yekuonana mapoinzi.

(2) Iyo inotsvedza haina zvinhu zvinotenderedza, uye shaft inotenderera inotsigirwa nenzvimbo yakatsetseka, saka chikamu chekusangana chiri pamusoro. Musiyano wechimiro pakati pezviviri unotarisa kuti kufamba kutenderera kunotenderera, uye mafambiro eiyo sliding bearing iri kutsvedza, saka mamiriro ekukwenya akasiyana zvachose.

2. Kuenzanisa kwekutakura simba

Kazhinji kutaura, nekuda kwenzvimbo yakakura inotakura nzvimbo inotsvedza, iyo inotsvedza kutakura inokwira kupfuura iyo inotenderedza mabearings, uye kugona kutenderedza mabearings kutsungirira mitoro yekukanganisa hakuna kukwirira, asi yakazara mvura yerubricated bearings. inogona kutsungirira mitoro yakakura yekuvhunduka.Kana kukurumidza kutenderera kwakakwira, simba recentrifugal rezvinhu zvinotenderedza mubheji rinotenderera rinowedzera, uye kutakura kwayo kunofanirwa kuderedzwa (ruzha runowanzo kuitika pakumhanya kukuru).Kune hydrodynamic inotsvedza mabhengi, iyo inotakura-yekutakura huwandu inowedzera sezvo kutenderera kunowedzera.

3. Kuenzanisa kwe friction coefficient uye kutanga frictional resistance

Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akajairika, friction coefficient ye rolling bearings yakaderera pane iyo inotsvedza mabheji, uye kukosha kwacho kwakagadzikana.Iko kutsvedza kwemabhengi ekutsvedza kunokanganiswa zviri nyore nezvinhu zvekunze senge kumhanya kwekutenderera uye kudedera, uye friction coefficient inosiyana zvakanyanya.

Paunenge uchitanga, sezvo kutsvedza kusati kwaita firimu yemafuta yakagadzikana, kupikisa kwakakura kudarika iyo yekutakura kwekutakura, asi kutanga kupikisa kupikisa uye kushanda kwekushanda kweiyo hydrostatic sliding bearing iduku zvikuru.

4. Inoshanda kushanda kumhanya kuenzanisa

Nekuda kwekudzikisira kwesimba re centrifugal rezvinhu zvinotenderedza uye tembiricha yekukwira kweiyo faniro, iyo inotenderera inotenderera haigone kutenderera yakakwira zvakanyanya, uye inowanzoenderana nepakati uye yakaderera kumhanya mamiriro ekushanda.Nekuda kwekudziya uye kupera kwebearing, kumhanya kwekushanda kweiyo isina kukwana mvura yerubricated bearing haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira.Iko-kumhanya-mhanya kweiyo yakazara-yakazara-lubricated bearing yakanaka kwazvo, kunyanya kana iyo hydrostatic sliding bearing inoshandisa mweya semafuta, kumhanya kwayo kunogona kusvika 100000r/min.

5. Kuenzanisa kwekurasikirwa kwesimba

Nekuda kweiyo diki friction coefficient of rolling bearings, kurasikirwa kwemagetsi kazhinji hakusi kukuru, kuri kudiki pane iyo isina kukwana mvura yerubricated bearings, asi inozowedzera zvakanyanya kana lubrication uye kuiswa zvisina kunaka.Kurasika kwemagetsi emagetsi akazara mafuta kwakadzikira, asi kune hydrostatic sliding bearings, kurasikirwa kwesimba rose kunogona kunge kwakakwira kupfuura iyo hydrodynamic sliding bearings nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwesimba kwepombi yemafuta.

6. Kuenzanisa kwehupenyu hwebasa

Nekuda kwepesvedzero yepitting yezvinhu uye kuneta, mabheji ekutenderera anowanzo gadzirirwa makore mashanu kusvika gumi, kana kutsiviwa panguva yekugadziridza.Mapedhi ekutakura emvura asina kukwana akaiswa lubricated bearings akasakara uye anoda kuchinjwa nguva nenguva.Hupenyu hweakazara mvura yerubricated bearing haaperi, asi mukuita, nekuda kwekunetsekana kutenderera, kunyanya kune hydrodynamic inotsvedza mabhengi, iyo inotakura pad zvinhu inogona kusangana nekuneta.

7. Kuenzanisa kwekutenderera kwechokwadi

Nekuda kweiyo diki radial clearance yemabhengi anotenderera, iko kutenderera kunowanzo kukwira.Mabhengi asina kukwana emvura ane lubricated ari mumamiriro ekuzora kwemuganhu kana kusanganiswa kwemafuta, uye oparesheni haina kugadzikana, kupfeka kwakakomba, uye kunyatsoita kwakadzikira.Yakazara mvura yerubricated mabearings ane yakanyanya kurongeka nekuda kwekuvapo kwemafuta firimu, buffering uye vibration absorption.Iyo hydrostatic sliding bearing ine yakakwirira kutenderera kwechokwadi.

8. Kuenzanisa mune zvimwe zvinhu

Rolling bearings anoshandisa mafuta, girisi kana mafuta akasimba. Doseji idiki kwazvo, uye dosi yacho yakakura nekumhanya kukuru. Kuchena kwemafuta kunodiwa kuti kuve kwakakwirira, saka kunoda kuiswa chisimbiso, asi kutakura kuri nyore kutsiva uye kazhinji hakudi kugadzirisa bhuku.

Kune mabheji ekutsvedza, kunze kwemabhengi asina kuzara mafuta, iyo lubricant inowanzova mvura kana gasi, uye huwandu hwakakura, uye kuchena kwemafuta kunodiwa zvakare. Gwenzi rinotakura rinoda kuchinjwa kakawanda, uye dzimwe nguva magazini inogadziriswa.

2. Kusarudzwa kwemabhengi ekutenderera uye kutsvedza

Nekuda kwekuoma uye kwakasiyana chaiko kwemamiriro ekushanda, hapana chiyero chakabatana chekusarudzwa kwemabhengi ekutenderera uye kutsvedza.Nekuda kweiyo diki friction coefficient, yakaderera kutanga kuramba, sensitivity, yakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka, uye yakamisikidzwa, rolling bearings ine yakanakisa kuchinjika uye kuita kwakasiyana-siyana, uye iri nyore kushandisa, kuzora nekuchengetedza. kushandiswa zvakanyanya.

Kutsvedza mabheji pachawo ane mamwe mabhenefiti akasiyana, uye anowanzo shandiswa mune dzimwe nguva pazvisingagoneke, zvisingaite kana pasina zvakanakira kushandisa mabheji ekutenderera, senge anotevera zviitiko:

1. Iyo radial nzvimbo saizi ishoma, kana chiitiko chinofanira kupatsanurwa uye kuiswa

Nekuda kwemhete yemukati, mhete yekunze, inotenderedza muviri uye keji muchimiro chekutenderera kubereka, saizi yeradial yakakura, uye iko kushandiswa kunogumira.Kana iyo radial saizi zvinodiwa zvakaomesesa, tsono roller fani dzinogona kusarudzwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, mabhengi anotsvedza anoda kusarudzwa.Kune mabhengi asingakanganisi, kana asingakwanisi kuiswa kubva kune axial direction, uye zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuiswa zvakasiyana, kupatsanurwa kutsvedza mabheji kunoshandiswa.

2. High-chaizvo zviitiko

Kana mabearings anoshandiswa aine yakanyanya kurongeka zvinodikanwa, kutsvedza kunogarosarudzwa, nekuti firimu remafuta ekuzora remabhengi anotsvedza anogona kubhafa uye kutora vibration. Kana iyo chaiyo inodiwa yakanyanya kukwirira, chete hydrostatic sliding bearings inogona kusarudzwa.Pamakina ekukuya uye epamusoro-soro, midziyo yakasiyana-siyana, nezvimwewo, mabhengi ekutsvedza anoshandiswa zvakanyanya.

3. Zviitiko zvinorema

Rolling bearings, angave ari mabhora mabearings kana roller bearings, anowanzopisa uye kuneta mumabasa anorema-mutoro.Naizvozvo, kana mutoro wacho wakura, mabhengi ekutsvedza anowanzo shandiswa, senge milling, turbines, aero-injini accessories uye muchina wemigodhi.

4. Dzimwe nguva

Semuyenzaniso, kumhanya kwekushanda kwakanyanya kukwira, kuvhunduka uye kudedera kwakakura zvakanyanya, uye kushanda mumvura kana svikiro rinopisa kunodiwa, uye inotsvedza inogonawo kusarudzwa zvine musoro.

Kune rudzi rwemakina nemidziyo, kushandiswa kwemabhengi ekutenderedza uye kutsvedza mabhengi kune zvakanakira nekuipira, uye kunofanirwa kusarudzwa zvine musoro zvichienderana neinjiniya chaiyo.Kare, macrusher makuru uye epakati-saizi aiwanzo shandiswa kutsvedza mabearings akakandwa nebabbitt alloys, nekuti anogona kushingirira mitoro mikuru, uye asingapfeki uye akagadzikana.Madiki madiki anopwanya shaya anoshandisa rolling bearings, ane yakakwirira kutapurirana kunyatsoshanda, ane hunyoro, uye ari nyore kuchengetedza.Nekuvandudzwa kweiyo rolling bearing kugadzira tekinoroji, mazhinji makuru macrusher eshaya anoshandisawo rolling bearings.

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Nguva yekutumira: Jul-08-2022