Chii chinonzi injini yemhando yepamusoro? Ordinary mota: 70% ~ 95% yesimba remagetsi rinotorwa nemota rinoshandurwa kuita magetsi emagetsi (kukosha kwekushanda chiratidzo chakakosha chemota), uye iyo yasara 30% ~ 5% yesimba remagetsi rinopedzwa ne mota pachayo nekuda kwekupisa chizvarwa, mechanical kurasikirwa, etc. Saka ichi chikamu chesimba chinoparara. Yakakwira-inoshanda mota: inoreva mota ine yakakwira simba rekushandisa chiyero, uye kushanda kwayo kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvesimba rekushandisa simba. Kune akajairwa mota, yega yega 1% yekuwedzera mukubudirira haisi basa riri nyore, uye zvinhu zvichawedzera zvakanyanya. Kana iyo mota inoshanda inosvika pane imwe kukosha, zvisinei kuti yakawanda sei zvinhu inowedzerwa, haigone kuvandudzwa. Mazhinji emhando yepamusoro-inoshanda mota pamusika nhasi chizvarwa chitsva chetatu-chikamu asynchronous motors, zvinoreva kuti musimboti wekushanda hauna kuchinja. High-inoshanda mota dzinovandudza kubuda nekudzikisira kurasikirwa kwesimba remagetsi, kupisa simba uye magetsi emagetsi nekutora dhizaini nyowani, tekinoroji nyowani uye zvinhu zvitsva. Kuenzaniswa neakajairika mota, simba rekuchengetedza simba rekushandisa yakakwira-inoshanda mota dziri pachena. Kazhinji, kushanda zvakanaka kunogona kuwedzerwa neavhareji ye3% kusvika ku5%. Munyika yangu, simba remagetsi emagetsi rakakamurwa kuita nhanho nhatu, iyo iyo simba rekuita rezinga rekutanga ndiro rakakwirira. Mumashandisirwo chaiwo einjiniya, kazhinji, mota inonyatsoshanda inoreva mota ine simba rekushandisa rinosangana nenyika inosungirwa standard GB 18613-2020 "Energy Efficiency Limits uye Energy Efficiency Grades eMagetsi Motors" uye pamusoro pesimba rinoshanda indekisi yeNhamba 2, kana kuti yakaverengerwa mu “Energy-saving Products Benefit the People Project” Catalog” mota dzinogonawo kutariswa sedzinozadzisa zvinodikanwa zvemhando yepamusoro-soro. Naizvozvo, musiyano pakati pe-high-effective motors uye mota dzakajairwa zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mumapoinzi maviri: 1. Kubudirira. High-effective motors inoderedza kurasikirwa nekutora inonzwisisika stator uye rotor slot nhamba, fan paramita, uye sinusoidal windings. Iko kushanda kuri nani pane kweakajairika mota. High-inoshanda motors ari 3% akakwira kupfuura akajairwa mota paavhareji, uye ekupedzisira-yepamusoro-inoshanda mota angangoita 5% akakwira paavhareji. . 2. Simba rekushandisa. Kuenzaniswa neajairwa mota, simba rekushandisa kweakanyanya-kunyatsoshanda motors rinodzikiswa ne20% paavhareji, nepo mashandisirwo emagetsi e-ultra-high-efficiency motors anoderedzwa neanopfuura makumi matatu muzana kana achienzaniswa neakajairika mota. Semagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane mashandisirwo makuru emagetsi munyika yangu, mota dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapombi, mafeni, macompressor, muchina wekutepfenyura, nezvimwewo, uye mashandisiro avo emagetsi anodarika makumi matanhatu muzana ekushandiswa kwemagetsi munharaunda yese. Panguva ino, nhanho yekushanda kweiyo main-yakanyanya-inoshanda mota pamusika iIE3, iyo inogona kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba neinodarika 3% kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa mota. Iyo "Action Plan yeCarbon Peaking Pamberi pa2030" yakapihwa neState Council inoda kuti midziyo yakakosha yekushandisa simba yakaita semotor, mafeni, pombi nemacompressor zvisimudzirwe kuchengetedza simba nekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka, kusimudzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvekushandisa zvakanyanya. , kusimudzira kubviswa kwemidziyo yekudzokera kumashure uye yakaderera, uye kunatsiridza maindasitiri nekuvaka. Zviteshi, mashandisirwo emagetsi ekumaruwa, electrification level yechitima system. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo "Motor Energy Efficiency Improvement Plan (2021-2023)" yakapihwa pamwe chete neBazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo Tekinoroji uye State Administration yeMusika Regulation yakataura zvakajeka kuti panosvika 2023, kuburitswa kwepagore kwemamota akanyanya-kugona kunofanirwa. kusvika 170 miriyoni kilowatts. Chiyero chinofanira kunge chiri pamusoro pe20%. Kusimudzira kubviswa kwemamota akadzikama musevhisi uye nekusimudzira nesimba kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwemhando yepamusoro-soro michina inzira dzakakosha dzekuti nyika yangu iwane kabhoni panosvika 2030 uye kusarerekera kabhoni panosvika 2060.
Iko kukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yemotokari yenyika yangu uye kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwekudzikisa kabhoni kwakawana mhedzisiro inoshamisa. indasitiri yemotokari yenyika yangu yakakura pamwero. Zvinoenderana nenhamba, iyo nyika maindasitiri mota kubuda muna 2020 ichave 323 miriyoni kilowatts. Mabhizinesi ekugadzira mota anonyanya kugoverwa muZhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shandong, Shanghai, Liaoning, Guangdong neHenan. Huwandu hwemabhizinesi ekugadzira mota mumatunhu masere aya nemaguta anosvika makumi masere neshanu muzana ehuwandu hwemabhizinesi ekugadzira mota munyika yangu.
nyika yangu yakakwira-inoshanda mota kugadzira uye kufarirwa uye kushandisa kwakawana mhedzisiro inoshamisa. Sekureva kwe "White Paper paYakakwira-Efficiency Motor Promotion Projects", kuburitswa kwemota dzakasimba uye dzakagadzirwazve mota munyika yangu dzakawedzera kubva pa20.04 miriyoni kilowatts muna 2017 kusvika 105 miriyoni kilowatts muna 2020. mota dzakakwira kubva pa19.2 miriyoni kilowatts kusvika 102.7 miriyoni kilowatts. Huwandu hwevagadziri vemota dzakasimba uye vakagadziridzwazve vagadziri vemotokari vakawedzera kubva pa355 muna 2017 kusvika pa1,091 muna 2020, zvichiverengera chikamu chevagadziri vemotokari kubva pa13.1% kusvika 40.4%. Iyo yepamusoro-inoshanda mota yekugovera uye yekutengesa musika system iri kuramba ichiwedzera kukwana. Huwandu hwevatengesi nevatengesi hwakawedzera kubva ku380 muna 2017 kusvika 1,100 muna 2020, uye huwandu hwekutengesa muna 2020 huchasvika 94 miriyoni kilowatts. Huwandu hwemakambani anoshandisa mota dzepamusoro-soro uye mota dzakagadziridzwa dzinoramba dzichiwedzera. Huwandu hwemakambani anoshandisa mota dzemhando yepamusoro hwakawedzera kubva pa69,300 muna 2017 kusvika pa94,000 muna 2020, uye huwandu hwemakambani anoshandisa mota dzakagadziridzwa hwakawedzera kubva pa6,500 kusvika 10,500. .
Kufarirwa uye kushandiswa kwemamota-anoshanda zvakanyanya kwakawana mhedzisiro inoshamisa mukuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kabhoni. Maererano nekufungidzira, kubva ku2017 kusvika ku2020, simba regore negore rekuchengetedza kwepamusoro-soro yekusimudzira motokari ichawedzera kubva ku2.64 bhiriyoni kWh kusvika ku10.7 bhiriyoni kWh, uye kuwedzera kwekuchengetedza simba kuchava 49.2 bhiriyoni kWh; kuderedzwa kwegore negore kwekubuda kwecarbon dioxide kuchakwira kubva pamamiriyoni 2.07 kusvika pamamiriyoni 14,9. Hwerengedzo inodarika mamiriyoni makumi matatu ematani ecarbon dioxide inobudiswa yakaderedzwa.
nyika yangu inotora matanho akati wandei kusimudzira emhando yepamusoro mota nyika yangu inokoshesa zvikuru kuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi uye kukwidziridzwa kwemamota-anoshanda zvakanaka, yakapa akati wandei emitemo ine chekuita nemamotor, uye kuita akawanda ekusimudzira matanho zvakadzama.
▍Inmitemo yehutungamiri,tarisa pakuvandudza simba remagetsi emotor uye masisitimu avo, uye kubvisa yakaderera-inoshanda mota. Tungamira uye kurudzira mabhizinesi kuti abvise yakaderera-inoshanda mota kuburikidza neindasitiri simba rekuchengetedza tarisiro, mota simba rekuvandudza zvirongwa, uye kuburitswa kwe "High Energy Consumption Outdated Electromechanical Equipment (Products) Elimination Catalog". Munguva ye "13th Five-Year Plan" nguva, kuongororwa kwakakosha kwakaitwa pakugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvinopedza simba senge mota nemapombi kuvandudza simba remagetsi emotor. Anenge 150,000 emagetsi akadzikama akawanikwa, uye makambani akarairwa kuti agadzirise mukati menguva yakatarwa.
▍Inmitemo yenhungamiro yakajairwa,iyo mota simba rekushandisa chiyero inosimbiswa uye mota simba rekushandisa label rinoitwa. Muna 2020, iyo inosungirwa yenyika chiyero "Energy Efficiency Inobvumidzwa Values uye Energy Efficiency Magiredhi eMagetsi Motors" (GB 18613-2020) yakapihwa, iyo yakatsiva iyo "Energy Efficiency Inobvumirwa Values uye Energy Efficiency Magiredhi eDiki neMedium- saizi Matatu-chikamu Asynchronous Motors" (GB 1 8 6 1 3 - 2 0 1 2) uye "Energy Efficiency Inobvumirwa Values uye Energy Efficiency Classes for Small Power Motors" (GB 25958-2010). Kuburitswa uye kuitwa kweiyo chiyero kwakasimudza hushoma hwesimba resimba renyika yangu IE2 kusvika kuIE3 nhanho, ichimanikidza vagadziri vemota kuti vagadzire mota dzakakwirira kupfuura IE3 level, uye nekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwemamota akanyanya-kushanda uye kuwedzera kwemugove wemusika. Panguva imwecheteyo, mota dziri kutengeswa dzinofanirwa kunamirwa neazvino magetsi ekushandisa mavara, kuitira kuti vatengi vanzwisise zvakajeka mwero wekuita kwemota dzakatengwa.
▍Panyaya yekushambadzira uye kusimudzira zviitiko,buritsa zvinyorwa zvekusimudzira, ita kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi, uye kuronga zviitiko zvakaita se "kupinda masevhisi ekuchengetedza simba mumabhizinesi". Kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwemabheji matanhatu e ""Energy-saving Products Benefit the People Project" High-efficiency Motor Promotion Catalogue", mabheji mashanu e "National Industrial Energy-Saving Technology Equipment Catalogue", gumi mabheji e ""Energy Efficiency Star" Chigadzirwa. Catalogue”, mabheji manomwe e“Energy-saving Electromechanical Equipment (Products) Recommended Catalog”, inokurudzira mota dzemhando yepamusoro uye midziyo inochengetedza simba uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa mota dzepamusoro-soro kunharaunda, uye kutungamira mabhizinesi kuti ashandise mota dzemhando yepamusoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo "Remanufacturing Product Catalogue" yakaburitswa kuti ikurudzire kugadzirwazve kwemamota akadzikama kuita mota dzepamusoro-soro uye kuvandudza mwero wekudzokorodza zviwanikwa. Kune vashandi vane chekuita nemota-ane manejimendi uye vashandi vesimba manejimendi emabhizinesi akakosha anoshandisa simba, ronga akawanda ekudzidzisa masesheni pamagetsi ekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji. Muna 2021, Bazi reIndasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji richarongawo zvikamu zvakakodzera kuti zvibate makumi matatu nemana e “simba rekuchengetedza masevhisi mumabhizinesi” zviitiko.
▍Inmazwi ehunyanzvi masevhisi,ronga mabheji matatu emaindasitiri ekuchengetedza simba rekuongorora masevhisi. Kubva muna 2019 kusvika pakupera kwa2021, Ministry of Indasitiri neRuzivo Tekinoroji yakaronga masangano echitatu-bato kuti aongorore kuchengetedza simba kuti aongorore kuchengetedza simba mumabhizinesi zviuru makumi maviri, uye akaongorora huwandu hwesimba rekushandisa uye kushanda chaiko kwemidziyo yakakosha yemagetsi yakadai. semotor, mafeni, air compressors, uye pombi. Kubatsira mabhizinesi kuona yakaderera-inoshanda mota, ongorora kugona kweakanyanya-kunyatsoshanda mota dzekusimudzira nekushandisa, uye kutungamira mabhizinesi kuita kuchengetedza simba remota.
▍Inmamiriro ekutsigirwa nemari,mota dzemhando yepamusoro dzinosanganisirwa muchikamu chekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinochengetedza simba kuti zvibatsire vanhu. Bazi reMari rinopa rubatsiro rwemari kune zvigadzirwa zvemotokari zvemhando dzakasiyana, mamakisi uye masimba zvinoenderana neyakayerwa simba. Hurumende yehurumende inopa mari yerubatsiro kuvagadziri vedzimotokari vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, uye vagadziri vacho vanodzitengesera kune vanoshandisa mota, pombi dzemvura nemafeni nemutengo wakapihwa. Complete midziyo kugadzira mabhizinesi. Nekudaro, kutanga kubva munaKurume 2017, kutengwa kwemhando yepamusoro yezvigadzirwa zvemotokari mukhathalogi ye "zvigadzirwa zvinoponesa simba zvinobatsira vanhu" hazvichafarire rubatsiro rwepakati pemari. Parizvino, mamwe matunhu akaita seShanghai akaisawo mari yakakosha kutsigira kukwidziridzwa kwemamota akanyanya kushanda.
Kukwidziridzwa kwemamota anoshanda zvakanyanya munyika yangu kuchiri kutarisana nemamwe matambudziko
Kunyangwe kukwidziridzwa kwemamota ane simba-akanyanya kwakawana mhedzisiro, zvichienzaniswa nenyika dzakabudirira dzakaita seEurope neUnited States, nyika yangu yatora iyo IE3 nhanho semuganho wemagetsi emagetsi kwenguva pfupi (kutanga kubva Chikumi 1, 2021), uye chikamu chemusika cheakakwira-anoshanda mota pamusoro peiyo IE3 chiyero Muyero wakaderera. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemamotors epamusoro-soro muChina uye kusimudzira mota dzemhando yepamusoro dzichiri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji.
Vatengi havana kunyanya kukurudzirwa kutenga mota dzepamusoro-soro
Kusarudzwa kwemamota akanyanya-anoshanda ane mabhenefiti enguva refu kune vatengi, asi zvinoda kuti vatengi vawedzere mari muzvinhu zvakagadziriswa, izvo zvinounza kumwe kudzvinyirira kwehupfumi kune vatengi vemotokari. Panguva imwecheteyo, vamwe vatengi vanoshaya kunzwisisa kweiyo yehupenyu kutenderera dzidziso yechigadzirwa, teerera kune imwe-nguva yekudyara kwemari, usatarise mutengo mukuita kwekushandisa, uye vane hanya nezve kuvimbika kwemhando uye kugadzikana kwekuita. yemamota akanyanya-anoshanda, saka ivo havasi kuda kutenga High-inoshanda mota nemitengo yakakwira.
Kusimukira kweindasitiri yemotokari kuri kusaririra kumashure
Indasitiri yemotokari indasitiri yebasa-yakawanda uye tekinoroji-yakanyanya indasitiri. Musika wekusangana kwemamota mahombe uye epakati nepakati wakakwira zvakati, ukuwo iwo madiki uye epakati-saizi mota akadzikira. Kubva muna 2020, kune anenge zviuru zviviri nemazana manomwe emabhizinesi ekugadzira mota munyika yangu, pakati pawo mabhizinesi madiki uye epakati anoita chikamu chepamusoro. Aya mabhizinesi madiki uye epakati anotarisa pakugadzirwa kwemadiki uye epakati-saizi mota uye ane asina kusimba eR&D hunyanzvi, zvichikonzera kushomeka kwehunyanzvi hwemukati uye kukosha kwakawedzerwa kwezvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa. Uye zvakare, mutengo wakaderera wemamota akajairika wakonzera kuti vamwe vatengi vekupedzisira vasarudze kutenga mota dzakajairwa, zvichikonzera kuti vamwe vagadziri vemota vachiri kugadzira mota dzakajairwa. Muna 2020, kuburitswa kwemaindastiri emunyika yangu yakakwira-inoshanda motors inongoverengera inosvika 31.8% yehuwandu hwekubuda kwemaindasitiri.
Kune akawanda akajairika mota mustock uye vazhinji vatengesi
Mamota akajairika anoverengera makumi mapfumbamwe muzana emamota ari mubasa munyika yangu. Mamota akajairika akaderera mumutengo, ari nyore muchimiro, ari nyore mukugadzirisa, akareba muhupenyu hwesevhisi, uye ane hombe yevashambadziri, iyo inounza zvipingamupinyi zvakakura mukusimudzirwa kwepamusoro-inoshanda mota. nyika yangu yaita iyo inosungirwa yenyika standard GB 18613-2012 kubvira 2012, uye inoronga kuburitsa iyo yakaderera-inoshanda zvigadzirwa zvemotokari. Madhipatimendi akakodzera anoda kuti maindasitiri ese, kunyanya ayo ane simba rekushandisa zvakanyanya, anofanirwa kumira zvishoma nezvishoma kushandisa mota dzine simba shoma, asi zvigadzirwa zvemota zvakadaro zvinogona kushandiswa kana zvisingaite zvakaraswa.
Yakakwirira-inoshanda mota yekusimudzira mutemo system uyemota monitoring
The regulatorysystem haina kunzwika zvakakwana
Matanho ekushandisa magetsi emotor akaziviswa uye akaitwa, asi pane kushomeka kwemitemo inotsigira uye nzira dzekudzora kurambidza vanogadzira mota kugadzira mota dzakajairwa. Madhipatimendi akakodzera akaburitsa akakurudzira makatalogi emhando yepamusoro-inoshanda-inoenderana zvigadzirwa nemidziyo, asi hapana inosungirwa kuita nzira. Ivo vanogona kungomanikidza maindasitiri akakosha uye mabhizinesi akakosha kubvisa yakaderera-inoshanda mota kuburikidza nemaindasitiri ekuchengetedza simba rekutarisa. Hurongwa hwemitemo kumativi ose ekupa uye kudiwa hauna kukwana, izvo zvakaunza zvipingamupinyi pakusimudzirwa kwepamusoro-soro injini. Panguva imwecheteyo, mitemo yezvemari uye yemutero uye mitemo yechikwereti yekutsigira kusimudzirwa kwemotokari dzepamusoro-soro haisi kunzwika zvakakwana, uye zvakaoma kune vatengi vakawanda vemotokari kuwana mari kubva kumabhangi ekutengeserana.
Kurudziro dzePolisi dzeKusimudzira Dzinoshanda Motors Kukwidziridzwa kwemamota akanyanya-kushanda kunoda kurongeka kwevagadziri vemotokari, vatengi vemotokari, uye mitemo inotsigira. Kunyanya, kugadzira nharaunda yemagariro umo vagadziri vemotokari vanoshingairira kugadzira mota dzepamusoro-soro uye vatengi vemotokari vanoshingairira kusarudza mota dzemhando yepamusoro kwakakosha mukusimudzira mota dzinoshanda zvakanyanya.
Ipa kutamba kwakazara kune inosunga basa rezviyero
Mayero akakosha tekinoroji rutsigiro rwemhando yepamusoro kusimudzira kweindasitiri yemotokari. Nyika yakapa zvinosungirwa kana kurudziro yenyika/maindasitiri zviyero zvakaita seGB 18613-2020 zvemotor, asi pane kushomeka kwemitemo inotsigira yekudzivirira vagadziri vemotokari kuti vagadzire pasi peiyo inogumira kukosha kwesimba rekushandisa. Zvigadzirwa zvemotokari, zvichikurudzira makambani kuti aregedze mota dzakaderera. Kubva 2017 kusvika 2020, huwandu hwe170 miriyoni kilowatts dzepasi-inoshanda mota dzakabviswa, asi chete 31 miriyoni kilowatts dzadzo dzakatsiviwa nemamota akanyanya-kushanda. Pane kudikanwa kwekukurumidzira kuita kuzivisa uye kuita kwezviyero, kusimbisa kushandiswa kwezviyero, kutarisa mashandisirwo ezviyero, kubata nekugadzirisa hunhu husingaite zviyero panguva yakakodzera, kusimbisa kutariswa kwevagadziri vemotokari, uye kuwedzera. chirango chekutyora makambani emotokari. Vanoda kuburitsa mota dzakaderera-inoshanda, vatengi vemota havagone kutenga mota dzakaderera.
Kuitwa kweiyo isingashande motor phase-out
Bazi reIndasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji rinoita basa rekuchengetedza simba gore rega rega, rinoita hutarisiro hwakakosha pakuvandudzwa kwesimba rezvigadzirwa nemidziyo yakakosha, uye rinotaridza mota dzine simba shoma uye mafeni zvinoenderana ne “High Energy Consumption Yakapera. Electromechanical Equipment (Zvigadzirwa) Kubvisa Catalog” (Batch 1 kusvika 4) , Mhepo compressors, pombi uye zvimwe zvechinyakare zvemidziyo zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa mota semidziyo yekutyaira. Nekudaro, basa rekutarisa iri rinonyanya kutariswa kune akakosha maindasitiri anoshandisa simba senge simbi nesimbi, isiri-ferrous simbi inonyungudutsa, petrochemical makemikari, uye zvekuvaka, uye zvakaoma kuvhara maindasitiri ese nemabhizinesi. Kurudziro dzinotevera ndedzekuita zvisina basa zviito zvekubvisa mota, kubvisa mota dzisina kukwana nedunhu, batch, uye nguva, uye kujekesa nguva yekubvisa, kutsigira zvinokurudzira uye nhanho dzekuranga kune yega yega mota isingashande kukurudzira mabhizinesi kuti azvibvise mukati menguva yakatarwa. . Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakoshawo kufunga nezvekushanda chaiko kwebhizinesi. Tichifunga nezvenyaya yekuti bhizinesi hombe rinoshandisa huwandu hukuru hwemotor uye rine mari yakasimba, nepo bhizinesi diki uye repakati nepakati rinoshandisa mashoma mota uye ine mari yakaomesesa, kutenderera kwechikamu kunofanirwa kutariswa zvakasiyana, uye iyo chikamu-kunze kutenderera kwemamotor asingashande mumabhizinesi makuru anofanira kudzikiswa zvakakodzera.
Kuvandudza nzira yekukurudzira uye yekudzivirira yemabhizinesi ekugadzira mota
Iwo ehunyanzvi hwekugona uye tekinoroji mazinga emakambani ekugadzira mota haana kuenzana. Mamwe makambani haana hunyanzvi hwekugadzira mota dzepamusoro-soro. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utsvage mamiriro chaiwo emakambani ekugadzira mota dzepamba uye kuvandudza tekinoroji yemakambani kuburikidza nematongerwo emari ekukurudzira akadai semvumo yechikwereti uye kubvisirwa mutero. Chengetedza uye uvakurudzire kuti vasimudzire uye vashandure kuita mitsetse yekugadzira mota mukati menguva yakatarwa, uye tarisa mabhizinesi ekugadzira mota kuti arege kugadzira mota dzakadzika-simba panguva yekushandura uye shanduko. Tarisa kutenderera kweyakaderera-inoshanda mota mbishi zvinhu kudzivirira vanogadzira mota kubva kutenga yakaderera-inoshanda mota mbishi. Panguva imwecheteyo, wedzera kuongororwa kwemasampunzi emotor anotengeswa mumusika, zivisa mhedzisiro yekuongorora sampling kune veruzhinji nenguva, uye zivisa vagadziri vane zvigadzirwa zvinotadza kuzadzisa zvakajairwa zvinodiwa uye kuzvigadzirisa mukati menguva yakatarwa. .
Simbisa kuratidzwa uye kusimudzirwa kwepamusoro-soro mota
Kurudzirai vagadziri vemotokari nevashandisi vemotokari vane hunyanzvi hwekuita pamwe chete kuvaka mabhesi ekuratidzira ekuchengetedza simba revatengi kuti vadzidze nezve mashandiro emotokari uye kuchengetedza simba ipapo, uye kugara vachizivisa data rekuchengetedza simba kune veruzhinji kuti vagone kuve neakawanda. intuitive kunzwisisa kwesimba rekuchengetedza mhedzisiro yemamota-anoshanda.
Gadzira chikuva chekusimudzira chemhando yepamusoro-soro mota, ratidza ruzivo rwakakodzera senge zvikwaniriso zvevagadziri vemotokari, maratidziro echigadzirwa, kuita, nezvimwewo, shambadza uye kududzira ruzivo rwemitemo ine chekuita neakanyanya-kugona mota, nyorovesa nhaurirano pakati pevagadziri vemotokari uye mota. vatengi, uye regai vagadziri uye vatengi Rambai mava kuziva akakodzera mitemo.
Rongedza kukwidziridzwa uye kudzidziswa kweakanyanya-anoshanda mota kuti uwedzere kuziva kwevatengi vemota mumatunhu akasiyana uye maindasitiri pamamotor anobudirira, uye panguva imwe chete pindura mibvunzo yavo. Simbisa masangano ebasa rechitatu kuti ape masevhisi akakodzera ekubvunza vatengi.
Kukurudzira kugadzirwazve kwemamota akaderera-anoshanda
Kubviswa kwakakura kwemamotor akaderera-anoshanda zvinokonzeresa kutambisa zviwanikwa kune imwe nhanho. Kugadzirazve mota dzakaderera-dzinoshanda kuita mota dzepamusoro-soro kwete kungovandudza simba remagetsi emotor, asi zvakare kudzokorodza zvimwe zviwanikwa, izvo zvinobatsira kusimudzira girinhi uye yakaderera-kabhoni kusimudzira kweiyo mota indasitiri cheni; kana zvichienzaniswa nekugadzirwa kwemota nyowani dzepamusoro-soro, inogona kuderedza 50% Mutengo, 60% kushandiswa kwesimba, 70% zvinhu. Gadzira uye gadzirisa mitemo uye zviyero zvekugadzirazve mota, kujekesa rudzi uye simba remamotor akagadzirwazve, uye kuburitsa batch yemabhizinesi ekuratidzira ane mota yekugadzirazve hunyanzvi, inotungamira kusimudzira kweindasitiri yekugadzirazve mota kuburikidza nekuratidzira.
Kutenga kwehurumende kunofambisa kusimudzira indasitiri yemotokari inobudirira
Muna 2020, chikamu chekutenga kwehurumende yenyika chichava 3.697 trillion yuan, ichiverengera 10.2% uye 3.6% yekushandiswa kwemari yenyika uye GDP zvakateerana. Kuburikidza nekutenga kwehurumende kwakasvibirira, tungamira vagadziri vemotokari kuti vashingaire kupa mota dzemhando yepamusoro uye vatengi kutenga mota dzemhando yepamusoro. Tsvagiridzo uye gadzira marongero ekutenga ehurumende emagetsi ekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi senge mota dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, mapombi uye mafeni anoshandisa mota dzepamusoro-soro, zvinosanganisira mota dzepamusoro-soro uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza simba zvehunyanzvi zvinoshandisa mota dzepamusoro-soro muchikamu chekutenga kwehurumende. , uye organically zvisanganise neakakodzera zviyero uye zvigadzirwa zvinyorwa zvemagetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi, wedzera chiyero uye chiyero chehurumende yegirini kutenga. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemutemo wehurumende wekutenga zvinhu zvakasvibirira, huwandu hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji inochengetedza simba senge mota dzinoshanda zvakanyanya uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza tekinoroji huchasimudzirwa.
Wedzera kiredhiti, kurudziro yemutero uye kumwe kutsigirwa pamativi ese ekupa uye kudiwa
Kutenga mota dzepamusoro-soro uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekugadzira mota dzinoda huwandu hukuru hwekudyara mari, uye mabhizinesi anofanirwa kutakura dzvinyiriro huru yehupfumi, kunyanya mabhizinesi madiki nepakati. Kuburikidza nezvikwereti zvechikwereti, tsigira shanduko yemitsara yekugadzira yakaderera-inoshanda kuita mitsetse yekugadzira mota, uye kuderedza kudzvanywa kwekudyara kukuru kwevatengi vemotokari. Ipa kurudziro yemutero kune vagadziri vemotokari vane hunyanzvi uye vashandisi vemotokari vane hunyanzvi, uye shandisa mitengo yemagetsi yakasiyaniswa zvichienderana nemazinga emagetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa nemakambani. Iyo yakakwirira yehutano hwemagetsi, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mutengo wemagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: May-24-2023