Chimodzi mwazinthu zowopsa kwambiri pakuwongolera ma electromechanical ndikuwotcha kwagalimoto. Ngati dera lamagetsi kapena kulephera kwamakina kumachitika, mota imawotcha ngati simusamala poyesa makinawo. Kwa iwo omwe sadziwa zambiri, samathanso Kuda nkhawa bwanji, kotero ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa bwino malamulo a kuchuluka kwa magalimoto oyambira ndi nthawi yapakati, komanso chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi mota.

Malamulo a kuchuluka kwa injini yoyambira ndi nthawi yanthawi

a.Nthawi zonse, galimoto ya gologolo-khola imaloledwa kuyamba kawiri pazizizira, ndipo nthawi yapakati pa nthawi iliyonse siyenera kukhala yosachepera mphindi 5. M'malo otentha, amaloledwa kuyamba kamodzi; kaya kuzizira kapena kutentha, galimoto imayamba Pambuyo pa kulephera, chifukwa chiyenera kupezeka kuti mudziwe ngati muyambe nthawi yotsatira.

b.Pakachitika ngozi (kuti mupewe kutseka, kuchepetsa katundu kapena kuwononga zida zazikulu), chiwerengero cha magalimoto oyambira amatha kuyambika kawiri motsatizana mosasamala kanthu ndi kutentha kapena kuzizira; kwa ma motors pansipa 40kW, kuchuluka kwa zoyambira sikokwanira.

c.Nthawi zonse, ma frequency oyambira a DC motor sayenera kukhala pafupipafupi. Pakuyesa kwamafuta ochepa, nthawi yoyambira siyenera kukhala yochepera mphindi 10.

d.Pakachitika ngozi, kuchuluka kwa zoyambira komanso nthawi yagalimoto ya DC sizochepa.

e.Pamene injini (kuphatikiza DC motor) ikuchita mayeso amphamvu, nthawi yoyambira ndi:

(1). Ma motors ochepera 200kW (ma motors onse 380V, 220V DC motors), nthawi yofikira ndi maola 0.5.

(2). injini ya 200-500kW, nthawi yake ndi ola limodzi.

Kuphatikizirapo: pampu ya condensate, pampu yonyamula condensate, mpope wakutsogolo, pampu yoperekera madzi kubanki, pampu yozungulira ng'anjo, #3 lamba wonyamulira, #6 lamba wonyamula.

(3). Kwa ma motors opitilira 500kW, nthawi ndi maola awiri.

Kuphatikizirapo: pampu yamagetsi, chophwanya malasha, mphero yamalasha, chowotcha, fani yoyambira, chowotcha, pampu yozungulira, pampu yotenthetsera ma netiweki.

Malamulo amoto ozizira komanso otentha

a.Kusiyana pakati pa pachimake kapena koyilo kutentha kwa galimoto ndi kutentha yozungulira ndi wamkulu kuposa 3 madigiri, amene ndi yotentha boma; kusiyana kwa kutentha kumakhala kochepa kuposa madigiri a 3, omwe ndi ozizira.

b.Ngati palibe kuwunika kwa mita, muyezo ndikuti ngati injini yatsekedwa kwa maola 4. Ngati kupitirira maola 4, kukuzizira, ndipo ngati kuchepera maola 4, kukutentha.

Ikasinthidwa injiniyo kapena injini ikangoyamba kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yoyamba, nthawi yoyambira komanso kusakhalapo kwa injiniyo iyenera kulembedwa.

Galimoto ikayamba, ngati iyenda chifukwa chazifukwa monga kutsekeka kapena chitetezo, chifukwa chake chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndikuthana nazo. Ndizoletsedwa kuti muyambenso pazifukwa zosadziwika.

Kuyang'anira ndi kukonza kayendedwe ka magalimoto:

Pamene injini ikuyenda, ogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kukonza nthawi zonse, zomwe zikuphatikizapo:

1 Yang'anani ngati mphamvu yamakono ndi magetsi a galimotoyo amaposa mtengo wovomerezeka, komanso ngati kusinthako kuli koyenera.

2 Phokoso la gawo lililonse la injini ndi lachilendo popanda kumveka kwachilendo.

3 Kutentha kwa gawo lililonse la mota ndikwabwinobwino ndipo sikudutsa mtengo wovomerezeka.

4 Kugwedezeka kwa mota ndi kuyenda kwa axial series sikudutsa mtengo wovomerezeka.

5 Mulingo wamafuta ndi mtundu wa mayendedwe agalimoto ndi tchire lokhala ndi tchire ziyenera kukhala zachilendo, ndipo mphete yamafuta iyenera kuzunguliridwa bwino ndi mafuta, ndipo palibe kutaya mafuta kapena kuponyera mafuta kuyenera kuloledwa.

6 Waya wapansi wa choyikapo chamoto ndi cholimba, ndipo chotchinga ndi chivundikiro choteteza ndizosasunthika.

7. Chingwe sichitenthedwa, ndipo cholumikizira ndi inshuwaransi sichitenthedwa.Chophimba cha chingwe chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino.

8Chophimba chotetezera cha fan kuzirala chimapindika mwamphamvu, ndipo chopondera sichikhudza chivundikiro chakunja.

9 Galasi ya peephole ya injini yatha, popanda madontho a madzi, madzi ozizira ndi abwinobwino, ndipo chipinda cha mpweya chiyenera kukhala chouma komanso chopanda madzi.

10 Galimoto ilibe fungo loyaka moto komanso utsi.

11 Zizindikiro zonse, zida, zowongolera zamagalimoto ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza zokhudzana ndi mota ziyenera kukhala zathunthu komanso zabwino.

Kwa ma motors a DC, ziyenera kufufuzidwa kuti maburashi akugwirizana bwino ndi mphete yozembera, palibe moto, kudumpha, kupanikizana ndi kuvala kwambiri, pamwamba pa mpheteyo ndi yoyera komanso yosalala, palibe kutenthedwa ndi kuvala, Kuvuta kwa masika ndikwachilendo, ndipo kutalika kwa burashi ya kaboni sikuchepera 5mm.

Kuyendera kwa injini ndi kuyang'ana kunja kwa injini ndi udindo wa ogwira ntchito omwe ali pantchito.

Mafuta opaka mafuta kapena mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe amoto ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha kwa mayendedwe, ndipo zinthu zopaka mafuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi malinga ndi zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito.

Kuyeza ntchito yotchinjiriza ya mota, mutatha kulumikizana ndikupeza chilolezo, zidazo zimazimitsidwa ndipo muyeso udzachitika. Kwa zida zomwe zimalephera kuyeza kutsekereza, ziyenera kulowetsedwa m'buku lolembera munthawi yake, ndikufotokozereni, ndikutuluka.

Pamene injini sichikuyenda bwino kapena ikufunika kusintha momwe imagwirira ntchito, iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mkulu kapena wamkulu wamkulu kuti avomereze.

---

Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-14-2023