Ngati vuto la shaft litha kuthetsedwa, chitetezo cha makina akulu onyamula magalimoto chidzakonzedwa bwino

Injini ndi imodzi mwamakina odziwika bwino, ndipo ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamakina. Panthawi yosinthira mphamvu, zinthu zina zosavuta komanso zovuta zimatha kupangitsa kuti injiniyo ipangitse mafunde a shaft mosiyanasiyana, makamaka ma mota akulu, Kwa ma motors okwera kwambiri komanso ma frequency a frequency motors, pali milandu yambiri yamoto yomwe imanyamula kutenthedwa ndi kulephera chifukwa cha shaft current.

Zofunikira pakupangira pano ndi voteji ndi kuzungulira kotseka. Kuti athetse mphamvu ya shaft panopa, kuchokera kumalingaliro amalingaliro, muyeso umodzi ndikuwongolera kapena kuthetsa mphamvu ya shaft, ndipo ina ndiyo kudula chipika chotsekedwa; muzochita, opanga osiyanasiyana amangofuna Kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, zomwe zatengedwa sizifanana. Kwa malo ogwirira ntchito omwe ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, maburashi a carbon diversion adzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mfundo yake ndi kupanga dera lina kuti lilekanitse kunyamula kuchokera ku dera; nthawi zambiri, ndi Malinga ndi njira kudula dera, ntchito insulating kubala manja, insulating chimakwirira mapeto, insulating mayendedwe, kapena miyeso insulate kunyamula udindo.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa shaft panopa, kulingalira kwa dongosolo la mapangidwe ndi kugwirizana kwa njira yopangira mapangidwe ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuwongolera kowonda pamapangidwe opanga ndi kupanga njira kumakhala kopanda ndalama komanso kodalirika kuposa njira zingapo zamtsogolo.

Ma voltmeter amagetsi (omwe amadziwikanso kuti AC millivoltmeters) nthawi zambiri amatanthawuza ma voltmeters a analogi.Ndichida choyezera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagawo amagetsi. Imagwiritsa ntchito mutu wa maginito ngati chizindikiro ndipo ndi ya chida cholozera.Voltmeter yamagetsi sichitha kuyeza voteji ya AC, komanso ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gulu lalikulu, phokoso lochepa, amplifier yopindulitsa kwambiri.

General electronic voltmeters amapangidwa ndi magawo awiri: kukulitsa ndi kuzindikira.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo anayi: attenuator, AC voltage amplifier, detector ndi magetsi okonzedwanso.

Voltmeter yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyeza ma voltages osiyanasiyana apamwamba komanso otsika, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyezera zamagetsi.

Mpweya woyezera umayamba kuchepetsedwa ndi chowongolera ku mtengo woyenera kulowetsa kwa AC amplifier, kenako amakulitsidwa ndi AC voltage amplifier, ndipo pamapeto pake amazindikiridwa ndi chowunikira kuti apeze voteji ya DC, ndipo mtengo wake umawonetsedwa ndi mutu wa mita. .

Kupindika kwa cholozera cha voltmeter yamagetsi ndikofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa voteji yoyezedwa, koma gululo limakulitsidwa molingana ndi mtengo wa sinusoidal AC voteji, kotero voltmeter yamagetsi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza kufunikira kokwanira. mphamvu ya sinusoidal AC voteji.Poyesa magetsi osagwiritsa ntchito sinusoidal AC, kuwerenga kwa voltmeter yamagetsi kulibe tanthauzo lachindunji. Pokhapokha pogawa zowerengera ndi ma waveform coefficient a 1.11 a sinusoidal AC voteji pomwe mtengo wapakati wa voliyumu woyezedwa ungapezeke.

Ma voltmeter a analogi nthawi zambiri amatanthawuza ma voltmeter a pointer, omwe amawonjezera voteji yoyezera ku magnetoelectric ammeter ndikusintha kukhala ngodya yokhotakhota kuti muyeze.Poyezera voteji ya DC, imatha kukulitsidwa mwachindunji kapena kukulitsidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa kukhala kuchuluka kwa DC komweko kuti iwongolere chisonyezo cha pointer chamutu wa mita ya DC.Poyezera voteji ya AC, imayenera kudutsa chosinthira cha AC/DC, ndiko kuti, chowunikira, kuti isinthe voteji yoyezera ya AC kukhala voteji ya DC, kenako kuyeza voteji ya DC.Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zamagulu, pali mitundu yambiri ya ma voltmeters a analogi.

Digital voltmeter imasintha mtengo wamagetsi oyezedwa kukhala kuchuluka kwa digito kudzera muukadaulo wa digito, kenako imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa voteji yoyezedwa mu manambala a decimal.Digital voltmeter imagwiritsa ntchito chosinthira cha A/D ngati njira yoyezera, ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zake ndi chiwonetsero cha digito.Digital voltmeter yoyezera voteji ya AC ndi magawo ena amagetsi amayenera kusintha magawo amagetsi omwe amayezedwa pamaso pa chosinthira A/D, ndikusintha magawo amagetsi omwe amayezedwa kukhala voteji ya DC.

Ma voltmeter a digito amatha kugawidwa kukhala ma voltmeter a digito a DC ndi ma voltmeter a digito a AC molingana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.Ma voltmeter a digito a DC amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: mtundu wofananira, mtundu wophatikizika ndi mtundu wamagulu malinga ndi njira zosinthira A/D.Malinga ndi mfundo zosinthira za AC/DC, ma voltmeter a digito a AC amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: nsonga yamtundu, mtundu wamtengo wapatali komanso mtundu wamtengo wapatali.

Digital voltmeter imagwiritsa ntchito digito kuti iwonetse zotsatira zake. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino za kuyeza kolondola kwambiri, kuthamanga kwachangu, kulepheretsa kwakukulu kolowera, kuchulukira kwamphamvu, kuthekera kolimbana ndi kusokoneza, komanso kusamvana kwakukulu, ndikosavuta kuphatikiza ndi makompyuta ndi zida zina. Zida zoyesera zokha ndi makina alinso ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuyezera voteji.