Kuthamanga kwa injini yoyendetsa galimoto nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu, koma posachedwapa ndinakumana ndi polojekiti ya galimoto ya uinjiniya ndikuwona kuti zomwe kasitomala amafuna zinali zovuta kwambiri.Sikoyenera kunena deta yeniyeni apa. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yovotera ndi ma kilowatts mazana angapo, liwiro lake ndi n(N), ndipo liwiro lalikulu n(max) lamphamvu yosalekeza ndi pafupifupi 3.6 nthawi ya n(N); injini sichiyesedwa pa liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri. mphamvu, zomwe sizinakambidwe m'nkhaniyi.
Njira yanthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera liwiro lovotera moyenera, kuti kuchuluka kwa liwiro lamphamvu kosalekeza kumakhala kocheperako.Choyipa ndichakuti voteji pamalo oyambira omwe adavotera amachepa ndipo yapano imakhala yayikulu; komabe, poganizira kuti kuyendetsa galimotoyo ndipamwamba kwambiri pa liwiro lotsika komanso torque yapamwamba, ndizovomerezeka kusuntha malo othamanga monga chonchi.Komabe, zitha kukhala kuti bizinesi yamagalimoto ndizovuta kwambiri. Makasitomala amafunikira kuti magetsi azikhala osasinthika pamlingo wonse wamagetsi, chifukwa chake tiyenera kuganizira njira zina.
Chinthu choyamba chimene chimabwera m'maganizo ndi chakuti popeza mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvuyo siingafikire mphamvu yovomerezeka pambuyo podutsa pamtunda wothamanga kwambiri n (max) wa mphamvu yosalekeza, ndiye kuti timachepetsa mphamvu yoyesedwa moyenera, ndipo n (max) idzawonjezeka (ikumva). pang'ono ngati NBA superstar "sangathe kumenya Ingolowani", kapena popeza munalephera mayeso ndi mfundo 58, ndiye ikani mzere wodutsa pa mfundo 50), uku ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yagalimoto kuti muwongolere liwiro.Mwachitsanzo, ngati tipanga injini ya 100kW, ndikuyika mphamvu yake ngati 50kW, kodi kuchuluka kwamagetsi sikudzawongoleredwa kwambiri?Ngati 100kW akhoza kupitirira liwiro ndi 2 zina, palibe vuto kupitirira liwiro ndi osachepera 3 pa 50kW.
Inde, lingaliro ili likhoza kukhalabe mu siteji ya kulingalira.Aliyense amadziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi palibe malo amphamvu kwambiri, komanso kuwongolera mtengo ndikofunikira kwambiri.Choncho njira imeneyi sangathebe kuthetsa vuto lenileni.
Tiyeni tilingalire mozama tanthauzo la mawu awa.Pa n(max), mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ndi mphamvu yovotera, ndiko kuti, torque yayikulu kwambiri k(T)=1.0; ngati k(T)> 1.0 pa liwiro linalake, zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu nthawi zonse.Ndiye kodi ndi zoona kuti k(T) yayikulu ndi, mphamvu yakukulitsa liwiro ndi yamphamvu?Malingana ngati k(T) pa n(N) ya liwiro lovoteledwa idapangidwa kuti ikhale yayikulu mokwanira, kodi kuchuluka kwa liwiro lamphamvu kwanthawi 3.6 kungakhutitsidwe?
Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatsimikiziridwa, ngati kutayikirako sikunasinthe, torque yayikulu imakhala yofanana ndi liwiro, ndipo torque yayikulu imachepa pomwe liwiro likuwonjezeka; m'malo mwake, kutayikira kumasinthanso ndi liwiro, zomwe zidzakambidwe pambuyo pake.
Mphamvu yovotera (torque) ya mota imagwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mulingo wa kutchinjiriza komanso kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, torque yayikulu ndi 2 ~ 2.5 nthawi ya torque yovotera, ndiye k(T)≈2~2.5. Pamene mphamvu ya galimoto ikuwonjezeka, k (T) imakhala yochepa.Mphamvu yokhazikika ikasungidwa pa liwiro la n(N)~n(max), malinga ndi T=9550*P/n,ubale pakati pa torque yomwe idavoteledwa ndi liwiro limakhalanso losiyana.Chifukwa chake, ngati (onani kuti uku ndi kugonjera) kutayikirako sikusintha ndi liwiro, torque yayikulu angapo k(T) imakhalabe yosasinthika.
M'malo mwake, tonse tikudziwa kuti kuchitapo kanthu ndi kofanana ndi inductance ndi liwiro la angular.Galimoto ikamalizidwa, inductance (kutulutsa kutayikira) sikungasinthe; Kuthamanga kwagalimoto kumawonjezeka, ndipo kutayikira kwa stator ndi rotor kumawonjezeka molingana, kotero liwiro lomwe ma torque amachepetsa limakhala lachangu kuposa ma torque ovotera.Mpaka n(max), k(T)=1.0.
Zambiri zakhala zikukambidwa pamwambapa, kungofotokozera kuti pamene voteji imakhala yosasinthasintha, njira yowonjezera liwiro ndi njira ya kT ikuchepa pang'onopang'ono.Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa liwiro lamphamvu, muyenera kuwonjezera k(T) pa liwiro lovotera.Chitsanzo n(max)/n(N)=3.6 m’nkhaniyi sichikutanthauza kuti k(T)=3.6 ndi yokwanira pa liwiro lovoteredwa.Chifukwa kutayika kwa mphepo yamkuntho komanso kuwonongeka kwachitsulo kumakhala kwakukulu pa liwiro lalikulu, k(T)≥3.7 ndiyofunika.
Makokedwe apamwamba amakhala pafupifupi mosagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa stator ndi rotor leakage reactance, ndiko kuti,
1. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ma conductors mu mndandanda wa gawo lililonse la stator kapena kutalika kwa chitsulo pakati pazitsulo ndizothandiza kwambiri pakuchitapo kanthu kwa stator ndi rotor, ndipo ziyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo;
2. Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa mipata ya stator ndikuchepetsa kutayikira kwapadera kwa mipata ya stator (malekezero, ma harmonics), yomwe imakhala yothandiza pakuchitapo kanthu kwa stator, koma imaphatikizapo njira zambiri zopangira ndipo zingakhudze machitidwe ena, kotero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti wochenjera;
3. Kwa ma rotor ambiri amtundu wa khola omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mipata ya rotor ndi kuchepetsa kutsekemera kwapadera kwa rotor (makamaka kutsekemera kwapadera kwa malo ozungulira) kumakhala kothandiza pakuchitapo kwa rotor ndipo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira.
Pachiwerengero chenichenicho, chonde onani buku la "Motor Design", lomwe silingabwerezedwe apa.
Ma motors apakatikati ndi apamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makhoti ochepa, ndipo kusintha pang'ono kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito, kotero kukonza bwino kuchokera ku mbali ya rotor ndikotheka.Kumbali inayi, pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwafupipafupi pakutayika kwapakati, mapepala ocheperako a silicon apamwamba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Malinga ndi lingaliro lapamwamba la kamangidwe kameneka, mtengo wowerengeka wafika pa luso la kasitomala.
PS: Pepani chifukwa cha watermark yovomerezeka ya akaunti yomwe ili ndi zilembo zina.Mwamwayi, mafomuwa ndi osavuta kupeza mu "Electrical Engineering" ndi "Motor Design", ndikhulupilira kuti sizikhudza kuwerenga kwanu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-13-2023