The switched reluctance motor drive system (srd) imakhala ndi magawo anayi: switched reluctance motor (srm kapena sr motor), chosinthira mphamvu, chowongolera ndi chowunikira. Kukula kofulumira kwa mtundu watsopano wa liwiro loyendetsa galimoto lopangidwa. Galimoto yosinthika yosinthika ndi mota wapawiri, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yakusafuna pang'ono kupanga torque yakusafuna. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta komanso olimba, kuwongolera liwiro lalikulu, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri, komanso kuthamanga kwambiri pamagawo onse owongolera liwiro. Kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kudalirika kwadongosolo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yopikisana kwambiri ndi AC motor speed control system, DC motor speed control system ndi brushless DC motor speed control system. Ma motors osinthika osinthitsa akhala ambiri kapena ayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi, zida zapakhomo, mafakitale ambiri, makampani opanga ndege ndi machitidwe a servo, omwe amaphimba machitidwe osiyanasiyana othamanga kwambiri komanso otsika omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri za 10w mpaka 5mw, kuwonetsa. kuthekera kwakukulu kwa msika.
2.1 Galimoto ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, otsika mtengo, ndipo ndiyoyenera kuthamanga kwambiri
Kapangidwe ka injini yosinthira kukana ndiyosavuta kuposa ya gologolo-cage induction motor yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti ndiyosavuta kwambiri. Coil ya stator ndi yokhazikika yokhotakhota, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kuyika, mapeto ake ndi afupi komanso olimba, ndipo ntchitoyo ndi yodalirika. Kugwedera chilengedwe; rotor amangopangidwa ndi zitsulo zachitsulo za silicon, kotero sipadzakhala zovuta monga kuponyera khola la gologolo ndi mipiringidzo yosweka yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma motors induction induction motors. Rotor ili ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba kwambiri ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri. mpaka 100,000 kuzungulira mphindi imodzi.
2.2 Magawo osavuta komanso odalirika amagetsi
Mayendedwe a torque ya mota alibe chochita ndi mayendedwe akumapeto apano, ndiye kuti, njira yokhayo yolowera mbali imodzi ndiyofunikira, mafunde agawo amalumikizidwa pakati pa machubu awiri amagetsi a dera lalikulu, ndipo padzakhala palibe vuto la mlatho wowongoka kudzera mufupi-circuit. , Dongosololi lili ndi kulekerera kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komanso kudalirika kwakukulu, ndipo lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zapadera monga zamlengalenga.
2.3 Torque yayikulu, yoyambira yotsika
Zogulitsa zamakampani ambiri zimatha kukwaniritsa zotsatirazi: pomwe poyambira ndi 15% yazomwe zidavotera pano, torque yoyambira ndi 100% ya torque yovotera; pamene chiyambi chamakono ndi 30% ya mtengo wovotera, torque yoyambira imatha kufika 150% ya mtengo wake. %. Poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe oyambira a machitidwe ena owongolera liwiro, monga mota ya DC yokhala ndi 100% kuyambira pano, pezani torque 100%; gologolo khola induction motor ndi 300% kuyambira pano, kupeza 100% torque. Zitha kuwoneka kuti injini yosinthira kukana imakhala ndi ntchito yoyambira pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zikuchitika pano ndi zazing'ono poyambira, komanso kutenthetsa kwa injini ndi chowongolera ndi chocheperako kuposa momwe amagwirira ntchito mosalekeza, kotero ndikoyenera kwambiri Kuyimitsa pafupipafupi ndi kutsogolo-kubwerera kumbuyo, monga okonza ma gantry, makina opangira mphero, mphero zosinthika m'makampani opanga zitsulo, macheka owuluka, shear zowuluka, ndi zina zambiri.
2.4 Wide liwiro malamulo osiyanasiyana ndi mkulu dzuwa
Kugwira ntchito bwino kumafika pa 92% pa liwiro lovotera ndi katundu wovoteledwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito onse amasungidwa mpaka 80% pama liwiro onse.
2.5 Pali magawo ambiri owongolera komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino
Pali magawo osachepera anayi akuluakulu opaleshoni ndi njira wamba kulamulira anazimitsa kusafuna Motors: gawo kutembenukira pa ngodya, zogwirizana yopuma mbali ngodya, gawo panopa matalikidwe ndi gawo mapiringidzo voteji. Pali magawo ambiri osinthika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuwongolera kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera ndi mawonekedwe a parameter zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pagalimoto komanso momwe galimotoyo imayendera kuti iyende bwino, komanso imatha kukwaniritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana komanso ma curve apadera, monga kupanga injini imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito a quadrant anayi (kutsogolo, kumbuyo, kuyendetsa galimoto ndi braking), yokhala ndi torque yayikulu komanso ma curve onyamula mphamvu zama injini angapo.
2.6 Ikhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zapadera kupyolera mu mapangidwe ogwirizana ndi ogwirizana a makina ndi magetsi
Mapangidwe apamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito a injini yosinthika yosinthitsa zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yayikulu kwambiri. Ntchito zitatu zotsatirazi zikuwunikidwa.
3.1 Gantry planer
Gantry planer ndi makina akuluakulu ogwira ntchito pamakampani opanga makina. Njira yogwirira ntchito ya planer ndi yakuti worktable imayendetsa workpiece kuti ibwezere. Ikapita patsogolo, chowongoleracho chimakhazikika pa chimango chimakonza chogwirira ntchito, ndipo chikabwerera m'mbuyo, chowongolera chimakweza chogwirira ntchito. Kuyambira pamenepo, benchi yogwirira ntchito imabwerera ndi mzere wopanda kanthu. Ntchito ya main drive system ya planer ndikuyendetsa kubweza kwa worktable. Mwachiwonekere, ntchito yake ikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi khalidwe la kukonza ndi kupanga bwino kwa planer. Chifukwa chake, makina oyendetsa amafunikira kukhala ndi zinthu zazikuluzikulu zotsatirazi.
3.1.1 Zofunika Kwambiri
(1) Ndioyenera kuyambika pafupipafupi, kukankhira mabuleki ndi kutsogolo ndi kuzungulira mozungulira, osachepera 10 pa mphindi, ndipo njira yoyambira ndi mabuleki imakhala yosalala komanso yachangu.
(2) Mtengo wosiyana wa static uyenera kukhala wapamwamba. Kutsika kothamanga kwachangu kuchokera kulibe katundu kupita kunyamula mpeni mwadzidzidzi sikuposa 3%, ndipo kuthekera kwanthawi yayitali kumakhala kolimba.
(3) Kuthamanga kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kabwino ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwekazi kabwino kabwinobwino kabwinobwinobwinobwinobwinobwinobwinobwinobwino wa wa mimba ukhale 2015
(4) Kukhazikika kwa ntchito ndikwabwino, ndipo malo obwereranso obwerera ndi olondola.
Pakalipano, makina oyendetsa galimoto oyendetsa gantry planer makamaka ali ndi mawonekedwe a DC unit ndi mawonekedwe a asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch. Mapulani ambiri omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mayunitsi a DC ali okalamba kwambiri, galimotoyo imakhala yonyezimira kwambiri, zonyezimira pamaburashi zimakhala zazikulu pa liwiro lalikulu komanso katundu wolemetsa, kulephera kumachitika pafupipafupi, ndipo ntchito yokonza ndi yayikulu, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kupanga kwachibadwa. . Kuphatikiza apo, dongosololi mosakayikira lili ndi zovuta za zida zazikulu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso phokoso lalikulu. Makina a asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch amadalira ma electromagnetic clutch kuti azindikire mayendedwe akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, kuvala kwa clutch ndikovuta, kukhazikika kogwira ntchito sikwabwino, ndipo ndikovuta kusintha liwiro, chifukwa chake kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito pazowunikira zowunikira. .
3.1.2 Mavuto ndi Ma Induction Motors
Ngati induction motor variable frequency regulation drive system ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, mavuto otsatirawa alipo:
(1) Zomwe zimatuluka ndizofewa, kotero kuti gantry planer sangathe kunyamula katundu wokwanira pa liwiro lotsika.
(2) Kusiyana kwa static ndi kwakukulu, khalidwe lokonzekera ndilochepa, chogwirira ntchito chimakhala ndi machitidwe, ndipo chimayima ngakhale mpeni ukadyedwa.
(3) Torque yoyambira ndi mabuleki ndi yaying'ono, poyambira ndi mabuleki ndipang'onopang'ono, ndipo mbali yoyimitsa magalimoto ndi yayikulu kwambiri.
(4) Galimoto ikuwotcha.
Makhalidwe a injini yosinthira kukana ndiyofunika kwambiri poyambira pafupipafupi, mabuleki ndikusintha ntchito. Zomwe zimayambira panthawi yoyendetsa zimakhala zochepa, ndipo ma torque oyambira ndi ma braking amatha kusintha, motero amaonetsetsa kuti liwiro likugwirizana ndi zofunikira pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana. amakumana ndi. The switched relucance motor imakhalanso ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Kaya ndi yothamanga kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri, yopanda katundu kapena yodzaza, mphamvu yake ili pafupi ndi 1, yomwe ili yabwino kuposa machitidwe ena opatsirana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa mu gantry planers.
3.2 Makina ochapira
Ndi chitukuko cha chuma ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa moyo wa anthu, kufunikira kwa makina ochapira osamalira zachilengedwe komanso anzeru akuchulukirachulukira. Monga mphamvu yayikulu yamakina ochapira, magwiridwe antchito agalimoto amayenera kuwongolera mosalekeza. Pakali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya makina ochapira otchuka pamsika wapakhomo: pulsator ndi makina ochapira ng'oma. Ziribe kanthu mtundu wa makina ochapira, mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti galimoto imayendetsa pulsator kapena ng'oma kuti itembenuke, motero imatulutsa madzi oyenda, ndiyeno kutuluka kwa madzi ndi mphamvu yopangidwa ndi pulsator ndi ng'oma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka zovala. . Kuchita kwa injini kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwa makina ochapira kwambiri. Boma, ndiko kuti, limatsimikizira mtundu wa kutsuka ndi kuyanika, komanso kukula kwa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka.
Pakadali pano, ma motors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ochapira ma pulsator amakhala makamaka ma motor induction phase, ndipo ochepa amagwiritsa ntchito ma frequency converter motors ndi brushless DC motors. Makina ochapira ng'oma amachokera pamagalimoto angapo, kuphatikiza ma mota pafupipafupi, brushless DC motor, switching relucance motor.
Zoyipa zogwiritsa ntchito mota ya single-phase induction motor ndizodziwikiratu, motere:
(1) sangathe kusintha liwiro
Pali liwiro limodzi lokha lozungulira panthawi yotsuka, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira za nsalu zosiyanasiyana pa liwiro la kuchapa. Zomwe zimatchedwa "kutsuka mwamphamvu", "kutsuka kofooka", "kutsuka pang'onopang'ono" ndi njira zina zotsuka zimasintha kokha Ndiko kusintha nthawi ya kutsogolo ndi kubwerera kumbuyo, komanso kuti asamalire zofunikira za liwiro lozungulira. pakusamba, kuthamanga kwa kasinthasintha panthawi ya kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa, nthawi zambiri kumakhala 400 rpm mpaka 600 rpm.
(2) Kuchita bwino ndi kochepa kwambiri
Kuchita bwino nthawi zambiri kumakhala pansi pa 30%, ndipo poyambira pano ndi yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imatha kufika ku 7 mpaka 8 kuposa pano. Ndizovuta kuzolowera kutsogola pafupipafupi komanso kusinthira kuchapa.
Galimoto yotsatizana ndi mota ya DC, yomwe ili ndi maubwino a torque yayikulu, kuyendetsa bwino ntchito, kuyendetsa bwino liwiro, komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino. Komabe, choyipa cha injini yamtunduwu ndikuti kapangidwe kake ndizovuta, ma rotor pano amafunikira kusinthidwa mwamakina kudzera pa commutator ndi burashi, ndipo kukangana pakati pa commutator ndi burashi kumakonda kuvala zamakina, phokoso, zipsera ndi electromagnetic kusokoneza. Izi zimachepetsa kudalirika kwa injini ndikufupikitsa moyo wake.
Makhalidwe a injini yosinthira kukana kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kupeza zotsatira zabwino zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ochapira. The lophimba kunyinyirika galimoto liwiro kulamulira dongosolo ali lonse liwiro kulamulira osiyanasiyana, amene akhoza kupanga "kutsuka" ndi
Ma spin "zonse zimagwira ntchito pa liwiro lokwanira pakutsuka koyenera, kuchapa mwachangu, kuchapa mofatsa, kuchapa ma velveti, komanso kuchapa mosiyanasiyana. Mukhozanso kusankha liwiro lozungulira mwakufuna panthawi ya kutaya madzi m'thupi. Mukhozanso kuonjezera liwiro malinga ndi mapulogalamu ena omwe amaikidwa, kuti zovalazo zipewe kugwedezeka ndi phokoso lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi kugawidwa kosagwirizana panthawi yozungulira. Kuchita bwino kwambiri koyambira kwa injini yosinthira kukana kutha kuthetsa kukhudzidwa kwa injini yopita patsogolo pafupipafupi ndikusinthira kuyambika pagululi yamagetsi panthawi yotsuka, kupangitsa kutsuka ndikusintha kukhala kosavuta komanso kopanda phokoso. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina osinthira kuthamanga kwagalimoto pamagawo onse owongolera liwiro kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pamakina ochapira.
Galimoto ya brushless DC ndiyopikisana kwambiri ndi injini yosinthira, koma ubwino wa injini yosinthidwa ndi yotsika mtengo, yolimba, yopanda maginito komanso ntchito yabwino yoyambira.
3.3 Magalimoto Amagetsi
Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1980, chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa anthu kuzinthu zachilengedwe ndi mphamvu, magalimoto amagetsi akhala njira yabwino yoyendera chifukwa chaubwino wawo wotulutsa ziro, phokoso lochepa, magwero amagetsi ambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi izi zofunika pamakina oyendetsa galimoto: kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri pamalo onse ogwirira ntchito, kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri komanso kachulukidwe ka torque, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, ndipo makinawo ndi opanda madzi, osagwedezeka komanso osagwira. Pakadali pano, makina oyendetsera magalimoto amagetsi amaphatikiza ma induction motors, ma brushless DC motors ndi ma switched relucance motors.
The switched relucance motor speed control system ili ndi mikhalidwe ingapo pamachitidwe ndi kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pamagalimoto amagetsi. Ili ndi zotsatirazi zabwino pamagalimoto amagetsi:
(1) Galimotoyo ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso oyenera kuthamanga kwambiri. Kutayika kwakukulu kwa injini kumayikidwa pa stator, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kuziziritsa ndipo imatha kupangidwa mosavuta kukhala madzi otsekemera otsekemera, omwe amafunikira kusamalidwa.
(2) Kuchita bwino kwambiri kumatha kusungidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamphamvu ndi liwiro, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti machitidwe ena oyendetsa galimoto akwaniritse. Izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pakuwongolera kuyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi.
(3) N'zosavuta kuzindikira ntchito zinayi quadrant, kuzindikira mphamvu regeneration ndemanga, ndi kukhalabe amphamvu braking luso m'dera mkulu-liwiro ntchito.
(4) Mphamvu yoyambira ya injini ndi yaying'ono, palibe chokhudza batire, ndipo torque yoyambira ndi yayikulu, yomwe ili yoyenera kunyamula katundu wolemetsa.
(5) Magalimoto onse ndi chosinthira mphamvu ndi cholimba komanso chodalirika, choyenerera malo osiyanasiyana owopsa komanso otentha kwambiri, ndipo amatha kusintha bwino.
Poganizira zabwino zomwe zili pamwambazi, pali njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ma motors osinthika osafuna magalimoto amagetsi, mabasi amagetsi ndi njinga zamagetsi kunyumba ndi kunja].
Chifukwa makina osinthika osinthika amakhala ndi maubwino amapangidwe osavuta, oyambira ang'onoang'ono, kuwongolera liwiro, komanso kuwongolera bwino, ili ndi maubwino ogwiritsira ntchito komanso chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito pamagawo a ma gantry planers, makina ochapira, ndi magalimoto amagetsi. Pali zambiri zothandiza m'magawo omwe tawatchulawa. Ngakhale pali njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito ku China, idakali yakhanda ndipo kuthekera kwake sikunakwaniritsidwe. Amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwake m'magawo omwe tawatchulawa kudzakhala kwakukulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-18-2022