In physical terms, an electric motor is something that converts energy into moving some kind of machine part, be it a car, a printer. If the motor stopped spinning at the same moment, the world would be unimaginable.
Electric motors are ubiquitous in modern society, and engineers have produced many different types of motors over the centuries.
Many motors are actuators, meaning that through the application of torque, they create motion. For a long time, the hydraulic driving force of hydraulic drives was the standard of the time. However, this type of motor is increasing in the 21st century with the advancement of electric drives, coupled with the fact that electric power has become plentiful and easy to control. Of the two, is one better than the other? Or this depends on the situation.
Overview of hydraulic systems
If you’ve ever used a floor jack, or driven a vehicle with power brakes or power steering, you might be surprised that you can move such a large number of objects without expending a lot of force. (On the other hand, you may have been too consumed by the task of changing a tire on the side of the road to consider these thoughts.)
These and similar tasks are made possible by the use of hydraulic systems. A hydraulic system does not create power, but instead converts it from an external source into the required form.
The study of hydraulics encompasses two main areas. Hydraulics is the use of fluids to do work at high flow rates and low pressures. “Old fashioned” mills use the energy in the flow of water to grind grain. In contrast, hydrostatics uses the high pressure and low fluidity of water to do work. In the language of physics, what is the basis for this trade-off?
Power, Work and Space
The physical basis for using hydraulic motors is the concept of force multiplication. The net value in a system is the product of the net force applied and the distance moved by no figure Wnet = (Fnet)(d). This means that for the workload assigned to a physical task, the force required to be used can be reduced by increasing the distance in the force application, like the turning of a screw.
This principle extends linearly to two-dimensional scenes from the relation p=F/A, where p=pressure in N/m2, F=force in Newtons, and A=area in m2. In a hydraulic system where the pressure p is kept constant, there are two piston-cylinders with cross-sectional areas A1 and A2 which lead to this relationship. F1/A1 = F2/A2, or F1 = (A1/A2)F2.
This means that when the output piston A2 is larger than the input piston A1, the input force will be proportionally smaller than the output force.
Electric motors take advantage of the fact that a magnetic field exerts pressure on a moving charge or current. A rotating coil of wire is placed between the poles of an electromagnet so that the magnetic field creates a torque that causes the coil to rotate about its axis. This shaft can be used for many things, and, in short, the motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Hydraulics vs Electric Motors: Advantages and Disadvantages
Why use a hydraulic motor, internal combustion engine or electric motor? The advantages and disadvantages of each type of motor are so numerous that they are worth considering in each unique scenario.
Advantages of hydraulic motors
The main advantage of hydraulic motors is that they can be used to generate extremely high forces.
Hydraulic motors use an incompressible fluid, which allows for tighter control of the motor and thus greater precision in motion. Among heavy mobile equipment, they are very useful.
Disadvantages of hydraulic motors
Hydraulic motors are also an expensive option, all the oil is in use, doing this really badly, the various filters, pumps and oils need to be checked, changed, cleaned, and replaced. Spills can create safety and environmental hazards.
Advantages of the motor
The opening of the hydraulic motor is not very fast, the motor is very fast (up to 10m/s). They have programmable speeds and stop positions, unlike hydraulic motors, which can provide the high required precise positioning. Electronic sensors are able to provide precise feedback on movement and applied force.
Disadvantages of motors
These motors are complex and difficult to install compared to other motors, and are extremely prone to failure compared to other motors. Most of them, the disadvantage is that you need more force, you need a bigger and heavier motor, unlike hydraulic motors.
Introduction to Pneumatic Drives
Pneumatic, electronic, or hydraulic actuators can be problematic in certain scenarios. The difference between pneumatic and hydraulic actuators is that hydraulic motors use water flow while pneumatic actuators use gas, usually ordinary gas.
Pneumatic drives are advantageous where air is plentiful, so a gas compressor is a must first. On the other hand, these motors are very inefficient because the heat loss is very large compared to other types of motors.
Post time: Feb-13-2023