1. Nhazi nke moto DC
1. moto DC na-enweghị brush:
Moto DC na-enweghị brush bụ ịgbanwe stator na rotor nke moto DC nkịtị.Rotor ya bụ ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè ikuku-ọpụpụ flux: stator bụ armature na mejupụtara multi-phase windings.Na nhazi, ọ dị ka moto synchronous magnet na-adịgide adịgide.Ọdịdị nke stator DC moto na-enweghị brush bụ otu nke moto synchronous nkịtị ma ọ bụ moto induction. A na-etinye windings multi-phase (atọ-phase, anọ-phase, ise-phase, wdg) n'ime ígwè isi. Enwere ike ijikọ windings na kpakpando ma ọ bụ delta, ma jikọọ ya na tubes ike nke inverter na-ejikọta maka ntụgharị ezi uche.Rotor na-ejikarị ihe ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ike mmanye dị elu yana njupụta dị elu dị ka samarium cobalt ma ọ bụ neodymium iron boron. N'ihi ọnọdụ dị iche iche nke ihe ndọta dị na oghere magnetik, enwere ike kewaa ya n'elu oghere magnetik, oghere magnetik na mgbanaka magnetik.Ebe ọ bụ na moto ahụ bụ moto magnet na-adịgide adịgide, ọ bụ omenala ịkpọ moto DC na-enweghị brush nke a na-akpọkwa moto magnet brushless DC na-adịgide adịgide.
A na-emepụta moto DC na-enweghị brushes n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya site na mmepe nke teknụzụ microprocessor na ngwa eletriki ọhụrụngwaọrụ nwere nnukwu mgbanwe ugboro na obere ike oriri, yana njikarịcha nke ụzọ njikwa na mpụta nke dị ọnụ ala, ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide dị elu. Ụdị moto DC ọhụrụ mepụtara.
Igwe ọkụ DC na-enweghị brush na-edobe ọ bụghị naanị na-arụ ọrụ nhazi ọsọ ọsọ nke moto DC ọdịnala, kamakwa na-enwekwa uru nke enweghị kọntaktị na-amagharị na ọkụ na-ebugharị, ntụkwasị obi dị elu, ndụ ogologo ndụ na mkpọtụ dị ala, ya mere a na-eji ha eme ihe na mbara igwe, ngwa igwe CNC. , Robots, ụgbọ ala eletrik, wdg, kọmpụta na ngwa ụlọ ejirila ọtụtụ ebe.
Dị ka dị iche iche ike ọkọnọ ụzọ, brushless DC Motors nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ: square ife brushless DC Motors, onye azụ EMF waveform na ọkọnọ ugbu waveform bụ ma akụkụ anọ ebili mmiri, nke a makwaara dị ka akụkụ anọ ife na-adịgide adịgide magnet synchronous Motors; moto DC a na-akpụ akpụ, azụ EMF ebili mmiri ya na inye ụdị ebili mmiri dị ugbu a bụ ebili mmiri sine.
2. moto DC na-akpụ akpụ
(1) Igwe magnetik DC na-adịgide adịgide
Nkewa moto DC na-adịgide adịgide: magnetik ụwa na-adịgide adịgide DC moto, ferrite magnet na-adịgide adịgide DC moto na alnico magnet DC na-adịgide adịgide.
① Igwe ihe ndọta DC na-adịgide adịgide na-adịghị ahụkebe: Obere nha ma dị mma na arụmọrụ, mana ọ dị oke ọnụ, ejiri ya na mbara igwe, kọmpụta, ngwa ala, wdg.
② Ferrite magnet na-adịgide adịgide DC moto: Ogwe magnetik mere nke ihe ferrite dị ọnụ ala ma nwee arụmọrụ dị mma, a na-ejikwa ya na ngwa ụlọ, ụgbọ ala, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ngwa eletriki na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
③ Alnico magnetik DC moto na-adịgide adịgide: Ọ chọrọ iri ọtụtụ ọla dị oke ọnụ ahịa, ọnụ ahịa ya dịkwa elu, mana ọ nwere ezigbo mgbanwe na oke okpomọkụ. A na-eji ya n'oge ebe okpomọkụ dị elu dị elu ma ọ bụ nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke moto chọrọ.
(2) Electromagnetic DC moto.
Nkewa moto elektrọnịk DC: usoro nwere obi ụtọ DC moto, shunt nwere obi ụtọ DC moto, moto DC nwere obi ụtọ iche na akụrụngwa nwere obi ụtọ DC.
① Series obi ụtọ DC moto: A na-ejikọta ugbu a na usoro, shunted, na ikuku ikuku jikọtara ya na usoro na armature, ya mere oghere magnetik na moto a na-agbanwe nke ukwuu na mgbanwe nke armature ugbu a.Ka ọ ghara ime ka nnukwu ọnwụ na voltaji na-adaba na ikuku excitation, ntanye na-eguzogide nke excitation winding, nke ka mma, ya mere, DC usoro excitation moto na-emekarị merụrụ ahụ na a thicker waya, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ntụgharị bụ obere.
② Shunt nwere obi ụtọ DC moto: A na-ejikọta mpaghara ikuku nke shunt obi ụtọ DC moto n'otu n'otu na winding armature. Dị ka a shunt generator, ọnụ voltaji si moto n'onwe ya na-enye ike na ubi winding; dị ka a shunt moto, ubi winding Ịkekọrịta otu ike ọkọnọna armature , ọ bụ otu ihe ahụ dị iche iche nwere obi ụtọ DC moto na usoro nke arụmọrụ.
③ Moto DC dị iche iche nwere obi ụtọ: ikuku ikuku enweghị njikọ eletrik na armature, yana igwe ọkụ DC ọzọ na-eweta sekit ubi.Ya mere, voltaji ọnụ armature ma ọ bụ armature ugbu a anaghị emetụta mpaghara ugbu a.
④ Compound-akpali akpali DC moto: The compound-akpali akpali DC moto nwere abụọ mkpali windings, shunt excitation na usoro mkpali. Ọ bụrụ na ike magnetomotive emepụtara site na ikuku mkpagharị usoro ahụ nọ n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka ike magnetomotive na-emepụta site na winding excitation nke shunt, a na-akpọ ya excitation ngwaahịa.Ọ bụrụ na ntụzịaka nke ike magnetomotive abụọ dị iche, a na-akpọ ya excitation compound dị iche.
2. Ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke DC moto
Enwere ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide nke yiri mgbanaka nke edobere n'ime moto DC, nke ugbu a na-agafe na eriri igwe na rotor iji mepụta ike ampere. Mgbe eriri igwe na rotor dị na oghere magnetik, ntụziaka nke oghere magnet ga-agbanwe mgbe ọ na-aga n'ihu na-atụgharị, ya mere brush na njedebe nke rotor ga-agbanwe Efere ndị ọzọ na kọntaktị, nke mere na ntụziaka nke Ihe dị ugbu a na eriri igwe na-agbanwekwa, na ntụziaka nke ike Lorentz na-emepụta na-agbanwe agbanwe, ya mere moto ahụ nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-atụgharị n'otu akụkụ.
Ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke onye na-emepụta DC bụ iji gbanwee ike electromotive AC nke a na-ebute na eriri armature ka ọ bụrụ ike eletrik DC mgbe ọ na-esi na njedebe nke ahịhịa na-emepụta ya na mmetụta ntụgharị nke ahịhịa.
A na-ekpebi ntụziaka nke ike electromotive a na-eme ka ọ dị ka iwu aka nri (akara magnetik na-arụtụ aka na nkwụ aka, isi mkpịsị aka na-atụ aka na ntụziaka mmegharị nke onye nduzi, na ntụziaka nke mkpịsị aka anọ ndị ọzọ bụ. ntụziaka nke ike electromotive na-ebute na onye nduzi).
A na-ekpebi ntụziaka nke ike na-arụ ọrụ na onye nduzi site na iwu aka ekpe.Nke a ụzọ nke electromagnetic ike na-etolite a torque na-eme na armature. A na-akpọ ike ọkụ eletrik a na igwe eletrik na-atụgharị. Ntuziaka nke torque na-aga n'aka elekere, na-agbalị ime ka ogwe aka ahụ gbanwee n'aka elekere.Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik a nwere ike imeri ihe mgbochi na-eguzogide na armature (dị ka mgbagha nguzogide nke esemokwu na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ebu ibu), armature nwere ike ịtụgharị n'aka elekere.
Oge nzipu: Mar-18-2023