Na Fraịde (August 12), oge mpaghara, Ngalaba Azụmahịa US Department of Industry and Security (BIS) kpughere na Federal Register ọhụrụ nwa oge ikpeazụ iwu ikpeazụ na mmachi mbupụ na-egbochi.imewe nke GAAFET (Full Gate Field Effect Transistor). ) EDA/ECAD software dị mkpa maka sekit agbakwunyere nhazi; ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor ihe na-anọchi anya diamond na gallium oxide; Teknụzụ anọ dị ka nrụnye nrụnye nrụgide (PGC) eji na injin turbine gas mejuputa njikwa mbupụ ọhụrụ, ụbọchị dị irè nke mmachibido iwu maka taa (August 15).
N'ime teknụzụ anọ ahụ, EDA bụ ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ anya, nke ahịa na-akọwa dị ka ihe mgbochi ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ mgbawa China nke United States gachara "Chip and Science Act", nke na-emetụta ozugbo ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ na-emepụta 3nm na ndị ọzọ dị elu. ngwaahịa mgbawa.Otú ọ dị, a na-ejikarị imewe 3-nanometer eme ihe na China ugbu a, na mmetụta ya dị mkpirikpi dị oke.
Na mgbakwunye na usoro 3nm, enwere ike imetụta chaja ngwa ngwa 800V
EDA (Electronics Design Automation) bụ akpaaka imewe eletrọnịkị, nke bụ ihe dị mkpa na akụkụ dị mkpa nke imewe mgbawa IC. Ọ bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ebuli elu nke nrụpụta mgbawa, na-ekpuchi usoro niile dị ka imewe sekit agbakwunyere, wiring, nkwenye na ịme anwansị.A na-akpọ EDA "nne nke ibe" na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.
Tianfeng International Research Report rụtụrụ aka na ọ bụrụ n'ichepụta mgbawa na-atụnyere iwu ụlọ, IC imewe bụ ihe osise eserese, na EDA software bụ ngwá ọrụ imewe maka eserese, mana EDA software dị mgbagwoju anya karịa ngwanrọ nhazi ụlọ.
ECAD (Electronic Computer Aid Design Software) nwere ohere sara mbara karịa EDA, mmachibido iwu ahụ pụtara na ekpuchiri ngwanro niile metụtara ya.Dị ka Ngalaba Azụmahịa US si kwuo, ECAD bụ klaasị ngwa ngwa eji emepụta, nyochaa, kwalite na nyochaa arụmọrụ nke sekit agbakwunyere ma ọ bụ bọọdụ sekit ebipụtara.Ejiri iji chepụta sekit agbakwunyere mgbagwoju anya na ngwa dị iche iche na ndị agha, ikuku ikuku, na ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa.
Teknụzụ transistor GAAFET bụ teknụzụ kachasị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere FinFET transistor (fin field effect transistor), teknụzụ FinFET nwere ike nweta ihe ruru nanometer 3, ebe GAAFET nwere ike nweta 2 nanometers.
Nke a bụ njikwa mbupụ nke atọ nke United States malitere megide China n'ọhịa EDA.Nke mbụ megidere ZTE na 2018 na nke abụọ megidere Huawei na 2019.Na mgbakwunye na ngwa eletrọnịkị ndị na-azụ ahịa dị ka ekwentị mkpanaaka Apple na kọmpụta, ibe ndị na-eji usoro nrụpụta kachasị elu n'ahịa bụ ibe niile nwere ike mgbako dị elu, dị ka GPU ndị a na-eji maka ọgụgụ isi, yana ibe ihe nkesa ejiri na ebe data na igwe igwe ojii. .
Ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta mgbawa kwuru na mmetụta dị mkpirikpi nke usoro nchịkwa a dị oke, n'ihi na a naghị eji ụdị 3-nanometer eme ihe na China. Ụfọdụ ibe AI na ibe GPU na-eji 7-nanometers, ebe TV, igbe set-top, na ibe-ọkwa ụgbọala na-abụkarị 28 nm. nanometer ma ọ bụ 16 nanometer.Ụfọdụ ndị na-ekiri ụlọ ọrụ kwenyere na United States chọrọ ime ka ala ndị China ghara inwe ngwá ọrụ iji chepụta ibe dị elu nke 3 nanometers na n'okpuru, na imewe ahụ na-arapara na 5 nanometers, na mmepụta na-arapara na 7 nanometers.Mgbe ahụ, a ga-agbasapụ anya n'etiti China na United States na ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, AI artificial, wdg.
N'echiche nke onye mgbawa, isi ihe mere United States ji egbochi EDA bụ ijikwa ikike mmepụta nke ibe ụlọ.
Na mgbakwunye na ngwa EDA n'oge a, ihe abụọ semiconductor sokwa: gallium oxide (Ga2O3) na diamond substrates, nke abụọ bụ ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor ihe.A na-atụ anya na ihe ndị dị otú ahụ ga-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ siri ike, dị ka voltaji dị elu ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ dị elu.
Ihe ndị a ka na-emepe emepe ma emebeghị ya n'ọtụtụ buru ibu, teknụzụ na-elekwasịkwa anya na Japan na United States.Otú ọ dị, ibe nke ihe ndị a ga-adaba adaba maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka ume ọhụrụ, nchekwa ike grid, nkwukọrịta, wdg, ya mere ọ ga-adị nnọọ nro ma dị mkpa.
N'iji ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ dị ka ihe atụ, ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ dị ka Xiaopeng Motors, BYD, Li Auto, na BAIC Jihu ewepụtala teknụzụ chaja ngwa ngwa 800V, a ga-emepụtakwa ya n'ọtụtụ ebe n'afọ a.Enwere ike iji ngwaọrụ ike ejiri ihe gallium oxide mee na teknụzụ chaja ngwa ngwa ndị a.
Ohere “mmepe” EDA ụlọ
Ọ bụrụ na ị chepụta ngwaahịa mgbawa 5-nanometer ma jiri ngwa EDA kachasị elu n'ụwa, enwere ike ịchịkwa ọnụ ahịa ya n'ihe dị ka nde dollar US 40, mana na-enweghị nkwado ngwanrọ EDA, ọnụ ahịa imepụta mgbawa 5-nanometer nwere ike ịdị elu. 7.7 ijeri US dollar. Dollar US dị nso na oghere ihe dị ka ugboro 200." Onye dị mkpa na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ngwanrọ CAD (kọmpụta na-enyere aka) gbakọọ akaụntụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ntinye uche n'ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ụlọ ọrụ EDA dị oke elu. Ndị dike EDA atọ Synopsys (Synopsys), Cadence (Kedence Electronics), na Mentor Graphics (Mentor International, nke Siemens nwetara na Germany na 2016) na-ejide ihe karịrị 70% nke ahịa ụwa. òkè ahịa, ma nwee ike ịnye ngwá ọrụ EDA zuru ezu, na-ekpuchi usoro dum ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ n'ime usoro nhazi na mmepụta sekit jikọtara ọnụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ atọ ahụ nwere njirimara nke ha na ngwaahịa, na elekwasị anya na uru nke IP (ihe ọgụgụ isi) dị nnọọ iche. Ngwaahịa ha nwere oke ahịa nke 85% na China.Teknụzụ usoro ihe owuwu GAAFET 3-nanometer nke Samsung mebiri na June nke afọ a ka ejiri enyemaka nke Synopsys na Cadence rụchaa.
Ụlọ ọrụ nke abụọ na-anọchi anya ANSYS, Silvaco, Aldec Inc, Huada Jiutian, wdg Ha nwere usoro dum na mpaghara ụfọdụ ma na-enwe ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ na mpaghara mpaghara.Ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị na echelon nke atọ gụnyere Altium, Concept Engineering, Introduction Electronics, Guangiwei, Sierxin, DownStream Teknụzụ, wdg. Nhazi nke EDA na-adabere na ngwaọrụ isi, na enweghi ngwaahịa zuru oke na mpaghara ụfọdụ.
Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ imewe mgbawa ka na-eji ngwa nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ EDA ebubata iji chepụta ibe. Na 1993, Huada Jiutian wepụtara ngwa ngwa EDA mbụ nke ụlọ - Panda ICCAD usoro, nke nwetara ọganihu na EDA ụlọ site na 0 ruo 1.N'afọ 2020, n'ahịa EDA nke China, n'ihe gbasara nha ego ha nwetara, Huada Jiutian họọrọ nke anọ.
Na Julaị 29, Huada Jiutian rutere n'ihu ọha na Market Growth Enterprise, yana mmụba nke 126% n'ụbọchị mbụ nke ndepụta, ọnụ ahịa ahịa ya karịrị ijeri yuan 40.Huada Jiutian kwuru na prospectus na ọtụtụ n'ime ya dijitalụ circuit imewe EDA ngwaahịa nwere ike na-akwado 5-nanometer usoro; Gelun Electronics kwuru na akụkọ ya kwa afọ na ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ nwere ike ịkwado usoro 7-nanometer, 5-nanometer, na 3-nanometer.
Ego enwetara Huada Jiutian na 2021 bụ nde yuan 580, na ego ga-enweta nke Gailun Electronics erughị yuan nde 200.Synopsys nke mba ụwa nwere ihe ruru ijeri yuan iri abụọ na isii yana uru karịrị ijeri yuan ise.
Tianfeng International Research Report rụtụrụ aka na ime obodo dị mkpa. Enwere ihe dịka ngalaba 40 n'ime agbụ ngwá ọrụ EDA. Ndị dike atọ ahụ enwetala mkpuchi nke yinye ụlọ ọrụ dum, ebe onye ndu anụ ụlọ Huada Jiutian ugbu a nwere ọnụego mkpuchi banyere 40%. Ndị ọzọ Ngwaahịa nke ndị na-emepụta EDA n'ime ụlọ na-abụkarị ngwa ọrụ.
Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, e nwere ihe dị ka 100 ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na China.E kewara EDA n'ime ngwa nrụpụta mgbawa analọgụ yana ngwaọrụ imepụta mgbawa dijitalụ.Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ edozila usoro dum nke ịmepụta ibe analog.Ngwá ọrụ nhazi maka ibe dijitalụ siri ike karị. Ihe dị ka "ngwaọrụ isi ihe" 120 na-etinye aka na nhazi nhazi, a na-eme nyocha na mmepe na ngwá ọrụ ọ bụla.
Enwere echiche na maka njide nke United States, naanị otu ụzọ isi meziwanye ọkwa nke ngwa ngwa EDA ụlọ bụ imeziwanye ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa EDA ụlọ, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ kwesịrị ịdị n'otu, na ọbụna Huawei HiSilicon na ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum kwesịrị isonye. n'ịme njikọ maka mmepe nkwonkwo.Site na mmụba na-arịwanye elu maka ibe ụlọ, EDA anụ ụlọ anaghị enwe ohere na ahịa onye zụrụ ya.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-15-2022