1. Classification ntawm DC motors
1. Brushless DC lub cev muaj zog:
Lub brushless DC lub cev muaj zog yog los pauv cov stator thiab rotor ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog.Nws lub rotor yog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li los ua kom muaj huab cua sib txawv: lub stator yog armature thiab muaj ntau theem windings.Hauv cov qauv, nws zoo ib yam li cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog.Cov qauv ntawm brushless DC lub cev muaj zog stator yog tib yam li ntawm ib qho zoo tib yam synchronous lub cev muaj zog lossis lub cev muaj zog induction. Multi-theem windings (peb-theem, plaub-theem, tsib-theem, thiab lwm yam) yog embedded rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hlau. Cov windings tuaj yeem txuas rau hauv lub hnub qub lossis delta, thiab txuas nrog Lub hwj chim raj ntawm lub inverter yog kev cob cog rua rau qhov tsim nyog commutation.Lub rotor feem ntau yog siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb nrog kev quab yuam siab thiab siab remanence ntom xws li samarium cobalt lossis neodymium hlau boron. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib nqus hauv cov hlau nplaum sib nqus, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hlau nplaum saum npoo, embedded magnetic ncej thiab nplhaib sib nqus ncej.Txij li thaum lub cev lub cev yog lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum ruaj khov, nws yog ib qho kev cai hu ua brushless DC lub cev muaj zog kuj hu ua cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov brushless DC lub cev muaj zog.
Brushless DC motors yog tsim nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no nrog kev txhim kho ntawm microprocessor technology thiab kev siv lub zog tshiab hluav taws xob.pab kiag li lawm nrog high switching zaus thiab tsawg zog noj, raws li zoo raws li lub optimization ntawm txoj kev tswj thiab tshwm sim ntawm tus nqi qis, high-theem mus tas li hlau nplaum cov ntaub ntawv. Ib hom tshiab ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog tsim.
Brushless DC motors tsis tsuas yog tswj cov kev tswj ceev ceev ntawm cov tsoos DC motors, tab sis kuj muaj qhov zoo ntawm tsis muaj zawv zawg sib cuag thiab commutation sparks, muaj kev ntseeg siab, kev pab lub neej ntev thiab suab nrov, yog li lawv tau siv dav hauv aerospace, CNC tshuab cuab yeej. , robots, hluav taws xob tsheb, thiab lwm yam, computer peripherals thiab khoom siv hauv tsev tau dav siv.
Raws li kev siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, brushless DC motors tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: square yoj brushless DC motors, uas nws rov qab EMF waveform thiab muab tam sim no waveform yog ob lub voj voos, los yog lub voj voog yoj mus tas li hlau nplaum synchronous motors; Brushed DC lub cev muaj zog, nws rov qab EMF waveform thiab muab tam sim no waveform yog ob qho tib si sine waves.
2. Brushed DC lub cev muaj zog
(1) Cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov DC lub cev muaj zog
Cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov DC lub cev muaj zog: tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb ruaj khov hlau nplaum DC lub cev muaj zog, ferrite ruaj khov hlau nplaum DC lub cev muaj zog thiab alnico ruaj khov hlau nplaum DC lub cev muaj zog.
① Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb ruaj khov hlau nplaum DC lub cev muaj zog: me me thiab zoo dua hauv kev ua haujlwm, tab sis kim, feem ntau yog siv hauv aerospace, computers, downhole instruments, thiab lwm yam.
② Ferrite cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov DC lub cev muaj zog: Lub cev ncej hlau nplaum ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ferrite yog pheej yig thiab muaj kev ua tau zoo, thiab siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tsheb, cov khoom ua si, cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam.
③ Alnico mus tas li hlau nplaum DC lub cev muaj zog: Nws yuav tsum tau noj ntau cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab tus nqi siab, tab sis nws muaj kev hloov tau zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm uas qhov kub ntawm ambient siab los yog qhov kub thiab txias stability ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum tau.
(2) Electromagnetic DC lub cev muaj zog.
Electromagnetic DC lub cev muaj zog faib: series zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog, shunt zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog, cais DC lub cev muaj zog thiab sib xyaw ua kom zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog.
① Series zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog: Tam sim no txuas nrog hauv series, shunted, thiab lub tshav pob winding yog txuas nrog hauv series nrog armature, yog li cov hlau nplaum hauv lub cev muaj zog hloov pauv nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub armature tam sim no.Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua rau poob loj thiab qhov hluav taws xob poob hauv qhov excitation winding, qhov me me ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm excitation winding, qhov zoo dua, yog li DC series excitation lub cev muaj zog feem ntau yog qhov txhab nrog cov hlau tuab, thiab nws cov lej tig tsawg dua.
② Shunt zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog: Lub teb winding ntawm lub shunt zoo siab DC lub cev muaj zog txuas nrog rau qhov sib npaug nrog armature winding. Raws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob shunt, lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage los ntawm lub cev muaj zog nws tus kheej muab lub zog rau lub teb winding; raws li ib tug shunt lub cev muaj zog, lub teb winding Sib koom tib lub hwj chim movnrog lub armature, nws yog tib yam li cais DC lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo.
③ Sib cais DC lub cev muaj zog: Lub teb winding tsis muaj hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub armature, thiab lub tshav pob hluav taws xob yog muab los ntawm lwm lub zog DC.Yog li ntawd, lub teb tam sim no tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm armature davhlau ya nyob twg voltage los yog armature tam sim no.
④ Compound-excited DC lub cev muaj zog: Lub compound-excited DC motor muaj ob excitation windings, shunt excitation thiab series excitation. Yog hais tias lub zog magnetomotive generated los ntawm series excitation winding yog nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li lub magnetomotive quab yuam generated los ntawm lub shunt excitation winding, nws yog hu ua khoom compound excitation.Yog hais tias cov lus qhia ntawm ob lub zog magnetomotive yog qhov sib txawv, nws yog hu ua qhov sib txawv compound excitation.
2. Txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog
Muaj lub nplhaib zoo li cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov nyob hauv DC lub cev muaj zog, thiab tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub kauj ntawm lub rotor los tsim kom muaj zog ampere. Thaum lub coil ntawm lub rotor yog nyob rau tib lub sij hawm mus rau lub magnetic teb, cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub magnetic teb yuav hloov thaum nws tseem tig mus, yog li ntawd tus txhuam nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub rotor yuav hloov cov phaj yog alternately nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag, thiaj li hais tias cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub rotor. Tam sim no ntawm lub kauj kuj hloov, thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm Lorentz quab yuam generated tseem tsis hloov, yog li lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem tig mus rau hauv ib qho kev coj.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm DC lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog hloov AC electromotive quab yuam induced nyob rau hauv armature coil rau hauv DC electromotive quab yuam thaum nws tawm ntawm txhuam kawg los ntawm tus commutator thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cov txhuam hniav.
Cov kev taw qhia ntawm induced electromotive quab yuam yog txiav txim raws li txoj cai sab xis (cov kab hlau nplaum taw tes rau ntawm xib teg, tus ntiv tes xoo taw qhia rau kev txav ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm plaub ntiv tes yog qhov kev taw qhia ntawm induced electromotive quab yuam nyob rau hauv tus neeg xyuas pib).
Kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj cai sab laug.Ob khub ntawm electromagnetic rog tsim ib lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lub armature. Qhov torque no hu ua electromagnetic torque nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tig. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub torque yog counterclockwise, sim ua kom lub armature tig counterclockwise.Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub armature (xws li lub zog tiv thaiv los ntawm kev sib txhuam thiab lwm yam load torques), lub armature tuaj yeem tig counterclockwise.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-18-2023