Cov neeg nyiam tsheb yeej ib txwm muaj kev npau taws txog lub cav, tab sis kev siv hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem nres, thiab qee tus neeg txoj kev paub tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau hloov kho.
Cov neeg paub zoo tshaj plaws niaj hnub no yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob plaub-stroke, uas tseem yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog rau feem ntau ntawm cov roj av-powered tsheb.Zoo ib yam li plaub-stroke, ob-stroke thiab Wankel rotor engines ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, hluav taws xob tsheb motors tau muab faib ua synchronous motors thiab asynchronous motors raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm rotors. Asynchronous motors tseem hu ua induction motors, thaum synchronous motors muaj cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. thiab tam sim no excite lub cev muaj zog.
Stator thiab Rotor
Txhua hom hluav taws xob tsheb motors muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb: stator thiab rotor.
Stator ▼
Lub stator yog ib feem ntawm lub cev muaj zog uas tseem nyob ruaj khov thiab yog lub tsev ruaj khov ntawm lub cev muaj zog, mounted ntawm lub chassis zoo li lub cav thaiv.Lub rotor yog tib qhov txav ntawm lub cev muaj zog, zoo ib yam li lub crankshaft, uas xa torque tawm los ntawm kev sib kis thiab sib txawv.
Lub stator yog tsim los ntawm peb ntu: stator core, stator winding thiab ncej.Muaj ntau qhov sib npaug sib npaug hauv lub cev ntawm stator tau ntim nrog kev sib txuas ntawm tooj liab windings.
Cov windings no muaj cov kab plaub hau tooj liab zoo nkauj uas ua rau kom lub qhov ntim puv ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom.Ntws windings nce torque muaj peev xwm, thaum lub sij hawm kawg yog ntau zoo zoo staggered, txo bulk rau ib tug me me pob tag nrho.
Stator thiab rotor ▼
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm stator yog tsim kom muaj qhov sib nqus sib nqus (RMF), thaum lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub rotor yog yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm cov kab sib nqus quab yuam nyob rau hauv rotating magnetic teb los tsim (tso tawm) tam sim no.
Lub cev muaj zog siv peb-theem alternating tam sim no los teeb tsa lub rotating teb, thiab nws zaus thiab lub zog yog tswj los ntawm lub hwj chim electronics uas teb rau lub accelerator.Cov roj teeb yog cov khoom siv tam sim no ncaj qha (DC), yog li lub tsheb hluav taws xob lub zog hluav taws xob muaj xws li DC-AC inverter uas muab cov stator nrog rau qhov tsim nyog AC tam sim no los tsim txhua qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm qhov sib nqus sib nqus.
Tab sis nws tsim nyog taw qhia tias cov motors no kuj yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, txhais tau tias lub log yuav rov qab lub rotor hauv stator, inducing ib tug rotating magnetic teb nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev, xa lub hwj chim rov qab mus rau lub roj teeb ntawm AC-DC converter.
Cov txheej txheem no, hu ua regenerative braking, tsim luag thiab ua rau lub tsheb qeeb.Kev tsim kho dua tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog txuas ntxiv ntawm cov tsheb fais fab nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov hybrids uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim tias kev tsim kho dav dav txhim kho roj kev lag luam.Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag, kev tsim dua tshiab tsis zoo li "dov lub tsheb," uas tsis txhob poob lub zog.
Feem ntau EVs cia siab rau ib qho kev sib kis ceev kom qeeb qeeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab lub log.Zoo li cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qis rpm thiab siab load.
Thaum lub EV tuaj yeem tau txais ntau yam zoo nrog ib lub iav, hnyav dua thiab SUVs siv ntau qhov kev sib kis ceev kom nce ntau ntawm kev kub ceev.
Ntau lub iav EVs tsis tshua muaj, thiab niaj hnub no, tsuas yog Audi e-tron GT thiab Porsche Taycan siv ob-ceev kis.
Peb Hom Tsav
Yug nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, lub induction lub cev muaj zog lub rotor muaj longitudinal khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg los yog strips ntawm conductive khoom, feem ntau yog tooj liab thiab tej zaum txhuas.Lub stator rotating magnetic teb induces ib tug tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv, uas nyob rau hauv lem tsim ib tug electromagnetic teb (EMF) uas pib tig nyob rau hauv lub stator rotating magnetic teb.
Induction motors yog hu ua asynchronous motors vim hais tias qhov induced electromagnetic teb thiab rotational torque tsuas yog generated thaum lub rotor ceev lags qab lub rotating magnetic teb.Cov hom motors no muaj ntau vim lawv tsis xav tau cov hlau nplaum tsawg-lub ntiaj teb thiab pheej yig los tsim.Tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj peev xwm dissipate cua sov ntawm kev txhawb nqa siab, thiab tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov nrawm.
Lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum tas mus li, raws li lub npe qhia, nws lub rotor muaj nws tus kheej cov hlau nplaum thiab tsis xav tau lub zog los tsim lub rotor lub magnetic teb.Lawv ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv qis ceev.Xws li ib tug rotor kuj rotates synchronously nrog rotating magnetic teb ntawm stator, yog li nws yog hu ua synchronous lub cev muaj zog.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog qhwv lub rotor nrog cov hlau nplaum muaj nws cov teeb meem.Ua ntej, qhov no yuav tsum muaj cov hlau nplaum loj dua, thiab nrog qhov hnyav ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau khaws cia hauv kev sib tw ntawm kev kub ceev.Tab sis qhov teeb meem loj dua yog qhov hu ua high-speed "rov qab EMF," uas ua rau kom rub, txwv tsis pub lub zog saum toj kawg nkaus, thiab ua kom muaj cua sov ntau dhau uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau nplaum puas.
Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no, feem ntau lub tsheb fais fab hlau nplaum lub cev muaj zog muaj cov hlau nplaum sab hauv (IPMs) uas xaub ua khub rau hauv cov kab ntev V-shaped grooves, teem rau hauv ntau lub lobes hauv qab ntawm lub rotor cov tub ntxhais hlau.
Lub V-groove khaws cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ntawm kev kub ceev, tab sis tsim kom muaj qhov tsis txaus siab ntawm cov hlau nplaum.Magnets yog attracted los yog repelled los ntawm lwm yam hlau nplaum, tab sis zoo tib yam reluctance, attracts lub lobes ntawm cov hlau rotor mus rau rotating magnetic teb.
Cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov tuaj rau hauv kev ua si ntawm qhov qis qis, thaum lub zog tsis txaus siab yuav siv sijhawm ntawm kev kub ceev.Prius yog siv rau hauv cov qauv no.
Hom kawg ntawm lub cev muaj zog tam sim no tsuas yog tsis ntev los no tau tshwm sim hauv cov tsheb hluav taws xob. Ob leeg saum toj no yog brushless motors. Kev txawj ntse tuav tau tias brushless motors yog tib txoj kev xaiv rau lub tsheb fais fab.Thiab BMW tau tsis ntev los no tau tawm tsam tus qauv thiab tau teeb tsa lub zog tam sim no-zoo siab AC synchronous motors ntawm i4 thiab iX qauv tshiab.
Lub rotor ntawm hom lub cev muaj zog sib cuam tshuam nrog lub rotating magnetic teb ntawm stator, raws nraim li cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov rotor, tab sis es tsis txhob muaj cov hlau nplaum tas mus li, nws siv rau qhov dav tooj liab lobes uas siv lub zog los ntawm DC roj teeb los tsim qhov tsim nyog electromagnetic teb. .
Qhov no yuav tsum tau rub lub nplhaib thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav txhuam rau nruab rau ntawm lub rotor ncej, yog li qee tus neeg ntshai tias cov txhuam hniav yuav hnav thiab khaws cov plua plav thiab tso tseg txoj kev no.Thaum cov txhuam hniav yog nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv cais nrog lub hau tshem tawm, nws tseem yuav pom tias txhuam hnav yog qhov teeb meem.
Qhov tsis muaj cov hlau nplaum tas mus li zam qhov nce nqi ntawm cov av tsawg thiab qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm kev tsuas.Qhov kev daws teeb meem no kuj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm qhov sib nqus ntawm lub zog ntawm lub rotor, yog li ua kom zoo dua ntxiv.Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog ntawm lub rotor tseem siv qee lub zog, uas ua rau cov motors no tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qis speeds, qhov twg lub zog yuav tsum tau los tsim cov magnetic teb yog ib tug loj feem ntawm tag nrho cov noj.
Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm luv luv ntawm cov tsheb fais fab, tam sim no-zoo siab AC synchronous motors yog qhov tshiab, thiab tseem muaj ntau chav rau cov tswv yim tshiab los tsim, thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, xws li Tesla txoj kev txav los ntawm induction motors mus tas li. hlau nplaum synchronous lub cev muaj zog.Thiab peb tsawg dua ib xyoo caum rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm EV niaj hnub, thiab peb tab tom pib.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-21-2023