Amintaccen tsarin ɗaukar nauyi koyaushe shine batun zafi a cikin samfuran motocin lantarki. Mun yi magana da yawa a cikin kasidu da suka gabata, kamar ɗaukar matsalolin sauti, matsalolin shaft na yanzu, ɗaukar matsalolin dumama da sauransu. Abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan wannan labarin shine ƙaddamar da motsin motar, wato, a ƙarƙashin abin da aka ba da izini na aiki mafi dacewa.
Don ɗaukar nauyi ya yi aiki da kyau, sharewar radial yana da mahimmanci. Gabaɗaya ƙa'idodin sarrafawa da ƙwarewa: Tsabtace aikin ƙwallo ya kamata ya zama sifili, ko kuma yana da ɗan ƙarami. Duk da haka, don bearings irin su cylindrical rollers da spherical rollers, dole ne a bar wani adadin saura yayin aiki, koda kuwa ƙaramin yarda ne.
Dangane da aikace-aikacen, ana buƙatar izini mai inganci ko mara kyau a cikin tsarin ɗaukar hoto. A mafi yawan lokuta, izinin aiki ya kamata ya zama ƙima mai kyau, wato, lokacin da maƙalar ke gudana, akwai wasu raguwa. A gefe guda, akwai aikace-aikace da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar izinin aiki mara kyau - watau preload.
Gabaɗaya ana daidaita abubuwan da aka ɗauka a lokacin shigarwa a yanayin yanayin yanayi (wato, an kammala lokacin ƙira da matakan ƙira na motar). Idan hawan zafin jiki na shaft ya fi na wurin zama yayin aiki, ƙaddamarwa zai ƙaru.
Lokacin da aka yi zafi da kuma fadada shinge, diamita na shinge zai karu kuma zai yi tsawo. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar haɓakar radial, ƙaddamarwar radial na ƙaddamarwa zai ragu, wato, ƙaddamarwa zai karu. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar faɗaɗa axial, za a ƙara ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa, amma za a rage ƙaddamar da tsarin ƙaddamarwa na baya-baya . A cikin tsari na baya-da-baya, idan akwai nisa da aka ba a tsakanin bearings da bearings da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa suna da daidaitattun haɓakar haɓakar thermal, tasirin haɓakar radial da fadada axial akan preload zai soke juna, don haka. preload ba zai faru Daban-daban.
Mafi mahimmancin ayyuka na ɗaukar nauyin ɗaukar nauyi sun haɗa da: inganta tsattsauran ra'ayi, rage amo, inganta daidaiton jagorar shaft, rama lalacewa yayin aiki, tsawaita rayuwar aiki, da haɓaka tsauri. Ƙaƙƙarfan ɗaukar hoto shine rabon ƙarfin da ke aiki akan abin ɗauka zuwa nakasar sa na roba. Nakasar nakasar da kaya ke haifarwa a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon abin da aka riga aka ɗorawa ya ƙaru fiye da na abin da aka ɗora ba tare da an riga an ɗauka ba.
Ƙananan ƙarancin aiki na ɗaukar nauyi, mafi kyawun jagorancin abubuwan da ke motsawa a cikin yankin da ba a yi amfani da shi ba da kuma ƙananan sautin motsi yayin aiki. a rage, don haka ana iya inganta daidaiton jagorancin shaft. Misali, Pinion giyar da aka sanya shi da kuma takamaiman kayan sutura da kuma kanada tsarin shiriya, wanda ya sa ƙarin ƙarfin ikon da suka fi karfi. Don haka za a sami raguwar hayaniya yayin aiki, kuma gears na iya samun tsawon rayuwar aiki. Bearings zai ƙara sharewa saboda lalacewa yayin aiki, wanda za'a iya biya shi ta hanyar ƙaddamarwa. A wasu aikace-aikacen, ƙaddamar da tsarin ɗaukar hoto na iya inganta amincin aiki da tsawaita rayuwar sabis. Preloading da ya dace zai iya sa rarraba kaya a cikin maɗaukaki ya fi ma, don haka zai iya samun tsawon rayuwar aiki.
Lokacin da aka ƙayyade abin hawa a cikin tsari mai ɗaukar nauyi, ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin da saƙon ya wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙimar da aka kafa, za a iya ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi zuwa iyakacin iyaka. Saboda juzu'i da sakamakon zafi zai karu, idan akwai ƙarin kaya kuma yana aiki na dogon lokaci, za a rage yawan rayuwar aiki na ɗaukar nauyi.
Bugu da kari, lokacin da ake daidaita kayan aiki a cikin tsarin ɗaukar kaya, komai yawan adadin da aka ƙaddamar ta hanyar ƙididdigewa ko ƙwarewa, dole ne a sarrafa karkatar da shi a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon. Alal misali, a cikin tsarin gyaran gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, ya kamata a yi juyayi sau da yawa don tabbatar da cewa ba a yi amfani da rollers ba, kuma ƙarshen fuskoki na rollers dole ne su sami kyakkyawar hulɗa tare da haƙarƙarin zobe na ciki. In ba haka ba, sakamakon da aka samu a cikin dubawa ko auna ba gaskiya ba ne, ta yadda ainihin abin da aka riga aka ɗauka zai iya zama ƙasa da yadda ake buƙata.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-10-2023