1. Ta yaya ake samar da ƙarfin lantarki na baya?
A zahiri, ƙirƙirar ƙarfin lantarki na baya yana da sauƙin fahimta. Daliban da suka fi ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ya kamata su sani cewa tun suna ƙaramar sakandare da sakandare sun fara fuskantar ta. Duk da haka, ana kiransa induced electromotive force a lokacin. Ka'idar ita ce madugu yana yanke layukan maganadisu. Matukar akwai motsin dangi guda biyu ya isa, ko dai filin maganadisu baya motsawa kuma madugu ya yanke; Hakanan yana iya zama mai gudanarwa baya motsawa kuma filin maganadisu yana motsawa.
Don madaidaicin maganadisu na dindindinmota, coils nata suna kafafe akan stator (conductor), kuma ana daidaita ma'aunin maganadisu na dindindin akan rotor (filin maganadisu). Lokacin da na'ura mai jujjuyawar ke jujjuya, filin maganadisu da ke haifar da maɗauran maganadisu na dindindin akan na'ura mai jujjuyawa zai jujjuya kuma na'urar tana jan hankalin ta. An yanke nada akan nada kumaa baya electromotive karfiyana samuwa a cikin kwandon. Me yasa ake kiransa baya electromotive Force? Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, saboda alkiblar wutar lantarki ta baya E ta sabawa alkiblar wutar lantarki ta U (kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1).
2. Menene alakar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da ƙarfin wutar lantarki?
Ana iya gani daga Hoto na 1 cewa alakar da ke tsakanin karfin wutar lantarki na baya da karfin wutar lantarki a karkashin kaya shine:
Don gwajin ƙarfin lantarki na baya, ana gwada shi gabaɗaya ƙarƙashin yanayin babu kaya, babu halin yanzu, kuma saurin juyawa shine 1000rpm. Gabaɗaya, ana siffanta ƙimar 1000rpm, kuma madaidaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya = matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya shine muhimmin siga na motar. Ya kamata a lura a nan cewa ƙarfin lantarki na baya da ke ƙarƙashin kaya yana canzawa koyaushe kafin saurin ya tsaya. Daga lissafin (1), zamu iya sanin cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da ke ƙarƙashin kaya bai kai matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki ba. Idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ya fi ƙarfin wutan lantarki, ya zama janareta kuma yana fitar da ƙarfin lantarki zuwa waje. Tun da juriya da halin yanzu a cikin ainihin aikin ƙanana ne, ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya yana kusan daidai da ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarshe kuma yana iyakance ta ƙimar ƙimar wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe.
3. Ma'anar jiki na ƙarfin lantarki na baya
Ka yi tunanin abin da zai faru idan ƙarfin lantarki na baya baya wanzu? Ana iya gani daga lissafin (1) cewa ba tare da ƙarfin electromotive na baya ba, duk motar tana daidai da resistor mai tsabta kuma ya zama na'urar da ke haifar da zafi mai tsanani. Wannanya saba wa gaskiyar cewa motar tana canza makamashin lantarki zuwamakamashin inji.
A cikin dangantakar musayar makamashin lantarki
, UI shine shigar da makamashin lantarki, kamar shigar da wutar lantarki a cikin baturi, mota ko taswira; I2Rt shine makamashin asarar zafi a kowace da'ira, wannan bangare na makamashi wani nau'in makamashi ne na asarar zafi, ƙarami mafi kyau; shigar da makamashin lantarki da asarar zafi Bambancin makamashin lantarki shine ɓangaren makamashi mai amfani wanda yayi daidai da ƙarfin lantarki na baya.
, a wasu kalmomi, ana amfani da ƙarfin electromotive na baya don samar da makamashi mai amfani, wanda ke da alaƙa da asarar zafi. Mafi girman ƙarfin hasarar zafi, ƙaramin ƙarfin amfani da za a iya samu.
Maganar gaskiya, ƙarfin lantarki na baya yana cinye makamashin lantarki a cikin kewaye, amma ba "asara" bane. Bangaren makamashin lantarki wanda ya yi daidai da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya za a canza shi zuwa makamashi mai amfani ga kayan lantarki, kamar makamashin injina da ƙarfin baturi. Sinadarin makamashi da dai sauransu.
Ana iya ganin girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya yana nufin ƙarfin kayan aikin lantarki don canza ƙarfin shigar da jimillar makamashi zuwa makamashi mai amfani, kuma yana nuna matakin ƙarfin jujjuya kayan aikin lantarki.
4. Menene girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ya dogara da shi?
Da farko bayar da dabarar lissafin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya:
E shine ƙarfin lantarki na nada, ψ shine haɗin haɗin gwiwa, f shine mitar, N shine adadin juyawa, kuma Φ shine motsi na maganadisu.
Dangane da dabarar da ke sama, na yi imani kowa zai iya faɗi wasu ƴan abubuwan da suka shafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya. Ga taƙaitaccen labarin:
(1) Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya yana daidai da canjin canjin mahaɗin maganadisu. Mafi girman saurin juyawa, mafi girman canjin canjin kuma mafi girman ƙarfin electromotive na baya;
(2) Mahadar maganadisu kanta tana daidai da adadin jujjuyawar da aka ninka ta hanyar mahaɗin maganadisu guda ɗaya. Sabili da haka, mafi girman adadin juzu'i, mafi girman hanyar haɗin gwiwar maganadisu kuma mafi girman ƙarfin electromotive na baya;
(3) Adadin juyi yana da alaƙa da tsarin iska, haɗin tauraron-delta, adadin jujjuyawar kowane ramin, adadin matakai, adadin haƙora, adadin rassan layi ɗaya, tsarin gabaɗaya ko ɗan gajeren zango;
(4) Haɗin mahaɗar maganadisu ɗaya-juya daidai yake da ƙarfin magnetomotive wanda aka raba ta juriya na maganadisu. Saboda haka, mafi girman ƙarfin magnetomotive, ƙarami mai juriya na maganadisu a cikin hanyar haɗin gwiwar maganadisu, kuma mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki na baya;
(5) Juriya na maganadisuyana da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwar ratar iska da ramin sanda. Mafi girman tazarar iska, mafi girman juriyar maganadisu da ƙarami na ƙarfin lantarki na baya. Haɗin kai-tsagi yana da ɗan rikitarwa kuma yana buƙatar cikakken bincike;
(6) Ƙarfin magnetomotive yana da alaƙa da wanzuwar maganadisu da ingantaccen yanki na maganadisu. Mafi girman ragowar, ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki na baya. Yankin tasiri yana da alaƙa da jagorar maganadisu, girman da sanyawa na maganadisu, kuma yana buƙatar takamaiman bincike;
(7)Sauran maganadisu yana da alaƙa da zafin jiki. Mafi girman zafin jiki, ƙaramin ƙarfin electromotive na baya.
A taƙaice, abubuwan da ke da tasiri na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya sun haɗa da saurin juyawa, adadin juyi kowane ramin, adadin matakai, adadin rassan layi ɗaya, gajeriyar farawar gabaɗaya, da'irar maganadisu, tsayin ratar iska, daidaitawar igiya-slot, maganadisu ragowar maganadisu, da Magnet jeri matsayi. Kuma girman maganadisu, jagorar maganadisu, zafin jiki.
5. Yadda za a zabi girman ƙarfin electromotive na baya a cikin ƙirar mota?
A cikin ƙirar mota, ƙarfin lantarki na baya E yana da mahimmanci. Ina tsammanin idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya an tsara shi da kyau (zaɓin girman da ya dace da ƙimar karkatar da ƙarancin igiyar ruwa), motar zata yi kyau. Babban illolin da ƙarfin electromotive na baya akan injina sune kamar haka:
1. Girman ƙarfin electromotive na baya yana ƙayyade filin rauni na motar, kuma filin raunin filin yana ƙayyade rarraba taswirar ingancin motar.
2. Matsakaicin karkatar da wutar lantarki na baya-bayan nan yana shafar motsin motsi na motar da kwanciyar hankali na fitarwa lokacin da motar ke gudana.
3. Girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya kai tsaye yana ƙayyadaddun madaidaicin juzu'i na injin, kuma madaidaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya yana daidai da madaidaicin juzu'i. Daga wannan za mu iya zana wadannan sabani da aka fuskanta a cikin ƙirar mota:
a. Yayin da ƙarfin electromotive na baya yana ƙaruwa, motar zata iya kula da babban juzu'i a ƙarƙashinsamai kulaiyakance halin yanzu a cikin ƙananan aiki mai saurin aiki, amma ba zai iya fitar da juzu'i a babban gudu ba, ko ma isa ga saurin da ake sa ran;
b. Lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ya yi ƙanƙanta, motar har yanzu tana da ikon fitarwa a cikin yanki mai sauri, amma ba za a iya isa ga karfin juzu'i a ƙarƙashin mai sarrafawa iri ɗaya a cikin ƙananan gudu ba.
Saboda haka, ƙirar ƙarfin lantarki na baya ya dogara da ainihin bukatun motar. Misali, a cikin ƙirar ƙaramin mota, idan ana buƙatar har yanzu don fitar da isasshiyar juzu'i a ƙananan gudu, to dole ne a tsara ƙarfin lantarki na baya don ya fi girma.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-04-2024