Amintaccen aiki na janareta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da aiki na yau da kullun da ingancin wutar lantarki, kuma janareton da kansa ma wani bangaren lantarki ne mai kima.Don haka, ya kamata a shigar da na'urar kariya ta gudun ba da sanda mai cikakken aiki don kurakurai daban-daban da yanayin aiki mara kyau.Bari mu koyi game da ainihin ilimin game da janareta!

Tushen Hoto: Ƙirƙirar Laburaren Albarkatun Fasaha na Cloud

1. Menene moto?Motar wani bangare ne da ke canza makamashin wutar lantarkin baturi zuwa makamashin injina kuma yana motsa ƙafafun abin hawan lantarki don juyawa.

2. Menene iska?Girgizar ƙasa shine babban ɓangaren injin ɗin DC, wanda rauni ne na na'urar da aka yi da waya ta jan ƙarfe.Lokacin da iskar sulke ke juyawa a cikin filin maganadisu na motar, ana haifar da ƙarfin lantarki.

3. Menene filin maganadisu?Filin ƙarfin da aka samar a kusa da maganadisu na dindindin ko na lantarki da sarari ko kewayon ƙarfin maganadisu wanda za'a iya kaiwa ta ƙarfin maganadisu.

4. Menene ƙarfin filin maganadisu?Ƙarfin filin maganadisu na waya mai tsayi mara iyaka wanda ke ɗauke da halin yanzu na 1 ampere a nesa na 1/2 mita daga waya shine 1 A / m (amperes / mita, SI); a cikin raka'o'in CGS (centimeter-gram-second), shine Don tunawa da gudummawar Oersted ga electromagnetism, ayyana ƙarfin filin maganadisu na waya mara iyaka mara iyaka wacce ke ɗauke da halin yanzu na ampere 1 a nesa na 0.2 cm daga wayar don zama 10e (Oersted) , 10e = 1 / 4.103 / m, kuma yawanci ana amfani da ƙarfin filin magnetic H ya ce.

5. Menene dokar Ampere?Rike wayar da hannun dama, kuma sanya shugabanci na madaidaiciyar yatsan yatsa ya zo daidai da alkiblar halin yanzu, sannan alkiblar da aka nuna ta yatsu huɗun da aka lanƙwasa ita ce hanyar layin induction na maganadisu.

6. Menene motsin maganadisu?Har ila yau, ana kiran motsi na Magnetic flux: A ce akwai jirgin sama wanda yake daidai da shugabanci na filin maganadisu a cikin filin maganadisun uniform, shigar da Magnetic filin Magnetic shine B, kuma yankin jirgin shine S. Mun ayyana shi. Samfurin magnetic induction B da yanki S, wanda ake kira wucewa ta wannan saman na magnetic flux.

7. Menene stator?Bangaren da ba ya jujjuya lokacin da goga ko buroshi ke aiki.Matsakaicin injin injin na'urar buroshi ko buroshi mara amfani ana kiransa stator, kuma wannan nau'in injin ana iya kiransa injin stator na ciki.

8. Menene rotor?Bangaren da ke juyawa lokacin da injin goga ko goga ke aiki.Harsashi na injin buroshi ko buroshi mara amfani ana kiransa rotor, kuma ana iya kiran wannan nau'in motar motar rotor na waje.

9. Menene goga na carbon?Ciki na gogaggen injin yana kan saman mashin ɗin. Lokacin da motar ke jujjuyawa, wutar lantarki ana watsa wutar lantarki zuwa na'urar ta hanyar jigilar lokaci. Domin babban abin da ke tattare da shi shine carbon, ana kiran shi brush na carbon, wanda ke da sauƙin sawa.Ya kamata a kula da shi akai-akai kuma a canza shi, kuma a tsaftace ajiyar carbon

10. Menene kamun goga?Jagorar injina wanda ke riƙe da riƙe gogayen carbon a wuri a cikin injin goga.

11. Menene madaidaicin lokaci?A cikin motar da aka goga, akwai filayen ƙarfe masu siffar tsiri waɗanda aka keɓe daga juna. Lokacin da injin na'ura mai juyi ya juya, ƙarfe mai siffar tsiri a madadin ya tuntuɓi ingantattun sanduna mara kyau da mara kyau na goga don gane madaidaitan canje-canje masu kyau da mara kyau a cikin alkiblar juzu'in motar na yanzu da kuma kammala maye gurbin na'urar goga. Juna.

12. Menene jerin lokaci?Tsarin tsari na coils motorless brushless.

13. Menene maganadisu?Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi don nufin kayan maganadisu tare da ƙarfin filin maganadisu. Motocin abin hawa na lantarki suna amfani da abubuwan maganadisu na duniya na NdFeR.

14. Menene ƙarfin lantarki?Ana yin ta ne ta hanyar rotor na motar da ke yanke layin ƙarfin maganadisu, kuma alkiblarsa ta bambanta da na wutar lantarki ta waje, don haka ana kiran shi counter electromotive force.

15. Menene injin goga?Lokacin da motar ke aiki, nada da mai haɗawa suna jujjuyawa, kuma injin maganadisu na maganadisu da gogewar carbon ba sa juyawa. Canjin canjin nada na yanzu yana samuwa ta hanyar mai motsi da goge-goge waɗanda ke juyawa tare da motar.A cikin masana'antar abin hawa na lantarki, injinan goga sun kasu kashi-kashi na manyan injinan goge-goge masu saurin sauri da kuma injin goga mara ƙarfi.Akwai bambance-bambance da yawa tsakanin injunan goga da injunan goga. Ana iya gani daga kalmomin cewa injinan goge-goge suna da gogewar carbon, kuma injunan da ba su da buroshi ba su da buroshin carbon.

16. Menene injin goga mara sauri?Menene halaye?A cikin masana'antar abin hawa na lantarki, motar da ba ta da sauri tana nufin wani nau'in hub-nau'in ƙananan sauri, babban jujjuyawar gearless gogashin injin DC, kuma saurin dangi na stator da rotor na motar shine saurin dabaran.Akwai nau'i-nau'i na Magnetic karfe 5-7 akan stator, kuma adadin ramummuka a cikin rotor armature shine 39 ~ 57.Tun lokacin da aka kafa iskar armature a cikin mahallin motar, zafi yana raguwa da sauƙi ta hanyar gidaje masu juyawa.Ana saƙa harsashi mai jujjuyawa da ƙwanƙolin magana guda 36, ​​wanda ya fi dacewa don sarrafa zafi.Micro siginar horo na Jicheng ya cancanci kulawar ku!

17. Menene halayen injinan goga da haƙora?Saboda akwai goga a cikin injin da aka goge, babban haɗarin ɓoye shine "lalacewar goge". Masu amfani su lura cewa akwai nau'ikan injunan goge-goge guda biyu: masu haƙori da marasa haƙori.A halin yanzu, masana'antun da yawa sun zaɓi injin goge goge da haƙora, waɗanda injinan sauri ne. Abin da ake kira "hakori" yana nufin rage saurin motar ta hanyar tsarin rage kayan aiki (saboda ma'auni na kasa ya nuna cewa gudun motocin lantarki bai kamata ya wuce kilomita 20 a kowace awa ba, saurin motar ya kamata ya kasance a 170 rpm / kimanin).

Tun da babban motar da ke da sauri yana raguwa ta hanyar gears, ana nuna shi a cikin cewa mahayin yana jin karfi lokacin farawa, kuma yana da karfin hawan hawan.Duk da haka, cibiyar dabarar lantarki ta rufe, kuma ana cika ta da mai kawai kafin barin masana'anta. Yana da wahala ga masu amfani su yi aikin kulawa na yau da kullun, kuma kayan aikin da kansu ma ana sawa da injina. Rashin isasshen man shafawa zai haifar da ƙara lalacewa, ƙara yawan hayaniya, da ƙarancin halin yanzu yayin amfani. Ƙaruwa, yana shafar mota da rayuwar baturi.

18. Menene injin da ba shi da goga?Tun da mai sarrafawa yana ba da halin yanzu kai tsaye tare da kwatance daban-daban na yanzu don cimma canjin canjin canjin na yanzu a cikin motar.Babu goge-goge da masu zirga-zirga tsakanin rotor da stator na injunan brushless.

19. Ta yaya motar ke samun motsi?Lokacin da babur ɗin buroshi ko goga yana jujjuyawa, ana buƙatar a canza alkiblar coil ɗin da ke cikin motar, ta yadda motar zata iya jujjuyawa akai-akai.Motar da aka goge tana kammala ta hanyar commutator da goga, kuma injin da ba shi da buroshi yana kammala ta mai sarrafawa.

20. Menene rashin lokaci?A cikin da'irar matakai uku na injin da ba shi da goga ko mai kula da goga, lokaci ɗaya ba zai iya aiki ba.An raba asarar lokaci zuwa babban asarar lokaci da asarar lokaci na Hall.Ayyukan shine cewa motar tana girgiza kuma ba za ta iya aiki ba, ko jujjuyawar ta yi rauni kuma ƙarar tana da ƙarfi.Yana da sauƙi don ƙonewa idan mai sarrafawa yana aiki a cikin yanayin rashin lokaci.

21. Wadanne nau'ikan motoci ne gama gari?Motoci na yau da kullun sune: Motar Hub tare da goga da kayan aiki, Motar Hub tare da goga da gearless, Motar da ba ta da buroshi tare da kaya, Motar cibiya mara goge ba tare da gear ba, Motar mai hawa gefe, da sauransu.

22. Yadda za a bambanta manyan motoci da ƙananan sauri daga nau'in motar?Motocin cibiya masu goga da goga, injinan cibiya mara goga sune manyan injuna; Motoci masu goga da goga maras gearless, brushless da gearless motor motors masu saurin gudu ne.

23. Ta yaya ake ayyana ikon motar?Ƙarfin motar yana nufin rabon makamashin injina ta hanyar motar zuwa makamashin lantarki da aka samar da wutar lantarki.

24. Me yasa zabar ikon motar?Menene mahimmancin zabar wutar lantarki?Zaɓin ikon da aka ƙididdige motar abu ne mai mahimmanci da rikitarwa.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi, idan ƙimar ƙarfin motar ya yi girma sosai, motar za ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyi mai sauƙi, kuma ƙarfin motar kanta ba za a yi amfani da shi sosai ba, yana juya zuwa "babban keken doki". A lokaci guda, ƙarancin aikin injin ɗin da ƙarancin aiki zai ƙara farashin aiki.

Akasin haka, ana buƙatar ƙimar ƙarfin injin ɗin ya zama ƙarami, wato, “ƙananan keken doki”, ƙarfin injin ɗin ya zarce na yanzu, yawan amfani da injin ɗin yana ƙaruwa, kuma lokacin da ingancin ya yi ƙasa kaɗan. Abu mai mahimmanci shine ya shafi rayuwar motar, koda kuwa nauyin nauyi ba shi da yawa , rayuwar motar kuma za a rage yawan; fiye da kima zai lalata aikin rufin kayan aikin motar ko ma ƙone shi.Tabbas, ƙarfin da aka ƙididdigewa na motar yana da ƙananan, kuma mai yiwuwa ba zai iya jawo kaya ba kwata-kwata, wanda zai sa motar ta kasance a cikin yanayin farawa na dogon lokaci kuma ya yi zafi da lalacewa.Don haka, yakamata a zaɓi ƙarfin da aka ƙididdigewa na injin daidai gwargwadon aikin motar lantarki.

25. Me yasa manyan motoci marasa goga na DC ke da Zaure uku?A taƙaice, domin injin DC ɗin da ba shi da buroshi ya yi jujjuya, dole ne a kasance a koyaushe a sami takamaiman kusurwa tsakanin filin maganadisu na stator coil da filin maganadisu na dindindin maganadisu na rotor.Tsarin jujjuyawar juyi kuma shine tsarin canza alkiblar filin maganadisu na rotor. Domin sanya filayen maganadisu biyu su kasance da kusurwa, tilas ne madaidaicin filin maganadisu na stator coil ya canza zuwa wani ɗan lokaci.Don haka ta yaya kuke san canza shugabanci na filin maganadisu na stator?Sa'an nan kuma dogara ga dakunan guda uku.Yi la'akari da waɗannan Zauren guda uku suna da aikin gaya wa mai kulawa lokacin da za a canza alkiblar halin yanzu.

26. Menene madaidaicin kewayon amfani da wutar lantarki na zauren babur?Amfanin wutar lantarki na Hall ɗin babur mara goge yana cikin kewayon 6mA-20mA.

27. A wane zafin jiki na yau da kullun zai iya aiki akai-akai?Menene matsakaicin zafin da motar zata iya jurewa?Idan ma'aunin zafin jiki na murfin motar ya wuce yanayin zafin jiki da fiye da digiri 25, yana nuna cewa hawan zafin jiki na motar ya wuce iyakar al'ada. Gabaɗaya, hawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 20.Gabaɗaya, ana yin coil ɗin motar ne da wayar enameled, kuma lokacin da zafin wayar enameled ɗin ya haura kimanin digiri 150, fim ɗin fenti zai faɗi saboda yanayin zafi mai yawa, wanda zai haifar da ɗan gajeren kewayawa na nada.Lokacin da zafin na'ura ya wuce digiri 150, cakudin motar yana nuna zafin jiki na kusan digiri 100, don haka idan ana amfani da zafin jiki a matsayin tushe, matsakaicin zafin da motar zata iya jurewa shine digiri 100.

28. Yanayin zafin motar ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 20, wato, zafin murfin ƙarshen motar ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da digiri 20 a ma'aunin celcius yayin da ya wuce yanayin yanayin yanayi, amma menene dalilin da yasa motar ta yi zafi fiye da haka. 20 digiri Celsius?Dalilin kai tsaye na dumama motar shine saboda babban halin yanzu.Gabaɗaya, ana iya haifar dashi ta gajeriyar kewayawa ko buɗaɗɗen da'irar nada, lalatawar ƙarfe na maganadisu ko ƙarancin ingancin injin. Halin al'ada shine cewa motar tana gudana a babban halin yanzu na dogon lokaci.

29. Me ke sa motar ta yi zafi?Wane irin tsari ne wannan?Lokacin da nauyin motar ke gudana, ana samun asarar wutar lantarki a cikin motar, wanda a ƙarshe zai zama makamashi mai zafi, wanda zai kara yawan zafin jiki na motar kuma ya wuce yanayin zafi.Darajar da zafin jiki na motar ya tashi sama da yanayin yanayin ana kiransa dumi.Da zarar zafin jiki ya tashi, motar za ta watsar da zafi zuwa kewaye; mafi girman zafin jiki, da sauri da zubar da zafi.Lokacin da zafin da injin ke fitarwa a kowane lokaci na raka'a ya yi daidai da zafin da aka watsar, zazzabin motar ba zai karu ba, amma yana kula da yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi, wato, cikin yanayin daidaitawa tsakanin haɓakar zafi da zubar da zafi.

30. Menene haɓakar zafin jiki da aka yarda da dannawa gabaɗaya?Wane bangare ne na injin ya fi shafa sakamakon tashin zafin na'urar?Yaya aka bayyana shi?Lokacin da motar ke gudana a ƙarƙashin kaya, farawa daga aikinsa kamar yadda zai yiwu, mafi girman nauyin, wato, ƙarfin fitarwa, mafi kyau (idan ba a yi la'akari da ƙarfin injiniya ba).Duk da haka, mafi girman ƙarfin fitarwa, mafi girman asarar wutar lantarki, kuma mafi girman zafin jiki.Mun san cewa mafi raunin da ke jure zafin jiki a cikin motar shine kayan rufewa, irin su enameled waya.Akwai iyaka ga juriya na zafin jiki na kayan rufewa. A cikin wannan iyaka, na zahiri, sinadarai, injina, lantarki da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi kayan rufewa suna da karko sosai, kuma rayuwar aikin su gabaɗaya kusan shekaru 20 ne.

Idan wannan iyaka ya wuce, za a gajarta rayuwar abubuwan da ke rufewa, kuma ana iya kona shi.Ana kiran wannan iyakar zafin zafin da aka yarda da shi na abin rufewa.Matsakaicin zafin da aka yarda da shi na kayan rufewa shine madaidaicin zafin jiki na motar; rayuwar kayan rufewa gabaɗaya rayuwar motar.

Yanayin yanayi ya bambanta da lokaci da wuri. Lokacin zayyana motar, an kayyade cewa ana ɗaukar digiri 40 a ma'aunin celcius a matsayin daidaitaccen yanayin yanayi a ƙasata.Don haka, zafin da aka yarda da abin rufe fuska ko injin ya rage ma'aunin ma'aunin Celsius 40 shine haɓakar zafin zafin da aka yarda. Zazzabi da aka halatta na kayan rufewa daban-daban ya bambanta. Dangane da yanayin zafin da aka yarda, abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su don insulating don motoci sune A, E, B, F, H iri biyar.

An ƙididdige shi bisa yanayin zafin jiki na digiri 40 na ma'aunin celcius, ana nuna kayan kariya guda biyar da yanayin zafi da aka yarda da su da haɓakar zafin da aka yarda da su a ƙasa,daidai da maki, kayan rufewa, yanayin zafi da aka yarda, da haɓakar zafin jiki da aka yarda.A impregnated auduga, siliki, kwali, itace, da dai sauransu, talakawa insulating Paint 105 65E epoxy guduro, polyester fim, kore harsashi takarda, triacid fiber, high insulating Paint 120 80 B Organic Paint tare da ingantattun zafi
juriya Mica, asbestos, da gilashin fiber abun da ke ciki a matsayin m 130 90
F Mica, asbestos, da gilashin fiber abun da ke ciki wanda aka haɗe ko ciki tare da resin epoxy tare da kyakkyawan juriya mai zafi 155 115
H Abubuwan da aka ɗaure ko ciki tare da resin silicone Abubuwan da aka haɗa na mica, asbestos ko fiberglass, robar silicon 180 140

31. Yaya za a auna kusurwar lokaci na motar da ba ta da gogewa?Kunna wutar lantarki na mai sarrafawa, kuma mai sarrafawa yana ba da wutar lantarki zuwa sashin Hall, sannan za'a iya gano kusurwar lokaci na injin maras gogewa.Hanyar ita ce kamar haka: Yi amfani da kewayon wutar lantarki na + 20V DC na multimeter, haɗa jajayen gwajin gwajin zuwa layin +5V, da baƙar alƙalami don auna manyan ƙarfin lantarki da ƙananan hanyoyin uku, sannan a kwatanta su da motsi. Tables na 60-digiri da 120-digiri Motors.

32. Me yasa ba za a iya haɗa duk wani mai sarrafa DC maras gogewa da motar DC mara goge ba yadda ya kamata don juyawa akai-akai?Me yasa babu brushless DC ke da ka'idar juzu'i jerin?Gabaɗaya magana, ainihin motsi na injin DC maras goge irin wannan tsari ne: motar tana jujjuya - canjin yanayin filin maganadisu na rotor - lokacin da kusurwar da ke tsakanin jagorar filin magnetic stator da shugabanci na filin maganadisu na rotor ya kai 60. digiri na kusurwar lantarki - Siginar Hall yana canzawa - - Jagoran canje-canje na zamani - Filin magnetic stator ya kai digiri 60 na kusurwar lantarki gaba - Kusurwar tsakanin madaidaicin filin maganadisu da na'ura mai jujjuyawar filin maganadisu shine digiri na lantarki 120 - The motar ta ci gaba da juyawa.

Don haka mun fahimci cewa akwai daidaitattun jihohi guda shida don Hall.Lokacin da takamaiman zauren ya gaya wa mai sarrafawa, mai sarrafawa yana da takamaiman yanayin fitowar lokaci.Saboda haka, tsarin jujjuyawar lokaci shine don kammala irin wannan aikin, wato, sanya kusurwar lantarki na stator koyaushe yana tafiya da digiri 60 a hanya ɗaya.

33. Menene zai faru idan an yi amfani da na'ura mai gogewa na 60-digiri a kan injin da ba shi da goge-goge 120?Akasin haka fa?Za a juya shi zuwa ga abin da ya faru na asarar lokaci kuma ba zai iya juyawa kullum ba; amma mai sarrafa da Geneng ya karbe shi ne mai sarrafa buroshi mai hankali wanda zai iya gano injin 60-digiri ko injin mai digiri 120 ta atomatik, ta yadda zai dace da nau'ikan injinan guda biyu, yana ba da kulawa Ya fi dacewa don maye gurbin.

34. Ta yaya mai sarrafa DC maras goga da injin DC mara goge zai iya samun daidaitaccen tsarin lokaci?Mataki na farko shine tabbatar da cewa wayoyin wuta da na ƙasa na wayoyi na Hall sun toshe cikin wayoyi masu dacewa akan na'urar. Akwai hanyoyi guda 36 don haɗa wayoyi guda uku na motocin Hall da wayoyi guda uku zuwa mai sarrafawa, wanda shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa. Hanyar bebe ita ce a gwada kowace jiha daya bayan daya.Ana iya yin sauyawa ba tare da kunna wuta ba, amma dole ne a yi shi a hankali kuma a cikin wani tsari.Yi hankali kada ku juya da yawa kowane lokaci. Idan motar ba ta jujjuyawa ba daidai ba, wannan yanayin ba daidai ba ne. Idan juyowar ya yi girma sosai, mai sarrafa zai lalace. Idan akwai juyewa, bayan sanin tsarin lokaci na mai sarrafawa A wannan yanayin, musanya wayoyi na Hall a da c na mai sarrafawa, danna kan layin A da Phase B don musanya juna, sa'an nan kuma juya zuwa jujjuyawar gaba.A ƙarshe, hanyar da ta dace don tabbatar da haɗin kai ita ce ta al'ada yayin babban aiki na yanzu.

35. Yadda za a sarrafa injin 60-digiri tare da mai kula da goga mara nauyi na 120?Kawai ƙara layin jagora tsakanin zangon b na layin siginar Hall na injin maras gogewa da layin siginar samfur na mai sarrafawa.

36. Menene bambanci mai hankali tsakanin injin mai saurin goga da ƙaramin injin da aka goge?A. Motar mai saurin gaske tana da kama mai wuce gona da iri. Yana da sauƙi a juya ta wata hanya, amma yana da gajiyar juyawa zuwa wata hanya; Motar ƙananan sauri yana da sauƙi kamar juya guga a cikin sassan biyu.B. Motar mai saurin gudu tana yawan hayaniya yayin juyawa, kuma motar mai saurin gudu tana rage hayaniya.Kwararrun mutane suna iya gane ta cikin sauƙi ta kunne.

37. Menene ƙimar yanayin aikin motar?Lokacin da motar ke gudana, idan kowane adadin jiki daidai yake da ƙimarsa, ana kiran shi yanayin aiki mai ƙima. Yin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mai ƙima, motar na iya yin gudu da aminci kuma yana da mafi kyawun aikin gabaɗaya.

38. Ta yaya ake ƙididdige madaidaicin mashin ɗin?Za a iya wakilta T2n da aka ƙididdige ƙarfin jujjuyawar da aka ƙididdigewa, wanda shine ƙimar ƙimar wutar lantarki da aka raba da ƙimar ƙimar saurin canja wuri, wato, T2n=Pn inda rukunin Pn yake W, naúrar. na Nn shine r/min, T2n Naúrar ita ce NM, idan naúrar PNM ta kasance KN, ana canza ma'aunin 9.55 zuwa 9550.

Sabili da haka, ana iya ƙaddamar da cewa idan ƙimar ƙarfin injin ɗin daidai yake, ƙananan saurin motar, mafi girman juzu'i.

39. Ta yaya aka bayyana ma'anar farawa na motsi?Ana buƙatar gabaɗaya cewa lokacin farawa na injin kada ya wuce sau 2 zuwa 5 na ƙimar halin yanzu, wanda kuma shine muhimmin dalili na ƙayyadaddun kariyar na yanzu akan mai sarrafawa.

40. Me yasa saurin da ake siyar da injina a kasuwa yana ƙaruwa?kuma menene tasiri?Masu samar da kayayyaki na iya rage farashi ta hanyar haɓaka saurin. Hakanan maɗaukakin sauri ne. Mafi girman saurin, ƙarancin jujjuyawar nada, ana ajiye takardar silikon karfe, kuma ana rage adadin maganadisu. Masu saye suna tunanin cewa babban gudun yana da kyau.

Lokacin yin aiki a saurin da aka ƙididdige shi, ƙarfinsa ya kasance iri ɗaya, amma ingantaccen aiki a fili yana da ƙasa a cikin ƙaramin yanki, wato, ikon farawa yana da rauni.

Ingancin yana da ƙasa, yana buƙatar farawa da babban halin yanzu, kuma na yanzu yana da girma yayin hawa, wanda ke buƙatar babban iyaka na yanzu don mai sarrafawa kuma ba shi da kyau ga baturi.

41. Yadda za a gyara dumama maras kyau na motar?Hanyar kulawa da kulawa gabaɗaya ita ce maye gurbin motar, ko aiwatar da kulawa da garanti.

42. Lokacin da babu-load halin yanzu na mota ne mafi girma fiye da iyaka bayanai na tunani tebur, yana nuna cewa motor ya kasa. Menene dalilai?Yadda za a gyara?Danna gogayya na inji na ciki yana da girma; nada yana ɗan gajeren kewayawa; da Magnetic karfe ne demagnetized; na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na DC yana da ajiyar carbon.Hanyar kulawa da magani gabaɗaya ita ce maye gurbin motar, ko maye gurbin goga na carbon, da tsaftace ajiyar carbon.

43. Menene matsakaicin iyaka ba tare da gazawar motoci daban-daban ba?Abubuwan da ke biyowa sun dace da nau'in motar, lokacin da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ta 24V, kuma lokacin da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ta kasance 36V: Motar da aka saka a gefe 2.2A 1.8A
Motar goga mai sauri 1.7A 1.0A
Motar goga mara ƙarancin sauri 1.0A 0.6A
Motar burushi mai sauri 1.7A 1.0A
Motar mara ƙarancin sauri 1.0A 0.6A

44. Yadda za a auna da iling halin yanzu na mota?Saka multimeter a cikin matsayi na 20A, kuma haɗa ja da gwajin baƙar fata zuwa tashar shigar da wutar lantarki na mai sarrafawa.Kunna wutar lantarki, kuma rikodin matsakaicin halin yanzu A1 na multimeter a wannan lokacin lokacin da motar ba ta juyawa.Juya hannu don sa motar ta jujjuya cikin babban gudu ba tare da wani nauyi sama da 10s ba. Bayan saurin motar ya daidaita, fara lura da rikodin matsakaicin ƙimar A2 na multimeter a wannan lokacin.Motar babu kaya na yanzu = A2-A1.

45. Yadda za a gane ingancin motar?Menene mabuɗin maɓalli?Yafi girman girman no-load na yanzu da hawan hawa, idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar al'ada, da matakin ƙarfin injin da ƙarfin ƙarfi, da hayaniya, girgizawa da haɓakar zafin injin. Hanya mafi kyau ita ce a gwada tsarin aiki tare da dynamometer.

46. ​​Menene bambanci tsakanin 180W da 250W Motors?Menene bukatun mai sarrafawa?Hawan 250W na yanzu yana da girma, wanda ke buƙatar babban iko mai ƙarfi da amincin mai sarrafawa.

47. Me ya sa a cikin daidaitattun yanayi, hawan motsi na motar lantarki zai bambanta saboda nau'i daban-daban na motar?Kamar yadda muka sani, a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi, ƙididdigewa tare da nauyin nauyin 160W, hawan halin yanzu akan motar 250W DC yana kusan 4-5A, kuma hawan halin yanzu akan motar 350W DC ya dan kadan.

Misali: idan ƙarfin baturi shine 48V, motoci biyu sune 250W da 350W, kuma ƙimar aikinsu duka 80% ne, to ƙimar aiki na yanzu na injin 250W yana kusan 6.5A, yayin da ƙimar aiki na yanzu na injin 350W. ku 9a.

Mahimmin aikin injin gabaɗaya shine cewa mafi nisa na yanzu mai aiki yana karkata daga ƙimar aiki na yanzu, ƙaramin ƙimar shine. A cikin yanayin nauyin 4-5A, ingancin motar 250W shine 70%, kuma ingancin motar 350W shine 60%. 5A kaya,

Ikon fitarwa na 250W shine 48V*5A*70%=168W

Ikon fitarwa na 350W shine 48V*5A*60%=144W

Koyaya, don sanya ƙarfin fitarwa na injin 350W ya dace da buƙatun hawa, wato, isa 168W (kusan ƙimar da aka ƙididdigewa), hanyar ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki ita ce ƙara ƙimar inganci.

48. Me yasa mileage na motocin lantarki masu injin 350W ya fi guntu na injin 250W a ƙarƙashin yanayi ɗaya?Saboda yanayin guda ɗaya, injin ɗin lantarki na 350W yana da babban hawan hawa, don haka nisan mil ɗin zai zama gajere a ƙarƙashin yanayin baturi iri ɗaya.

49. Ta yaya masu kera kekunan lantarki zasu zaɓi injina?Dangane da abin da za a zabi mota?Ga motocin lantarki, mafi mahimmancin mahimmanci a cikin zaɓin motarsa ​​shine zaɓi na ƙimar ƙarfin injin.

Zaɓin ƙimar ƙarfin injin gabaɗaya an kasu zuwa matakai uku:mataki na farko shine ƙididdige ƙarfin lodi P; mataki na biyu shi ne kafin a zabi karfin da aka tantance na motar da sauran su bisa ga karfin lodi.Mataki na uku shine duba motar da aka riga aka zaɓa.

Gabaɗaya, duba dumama da haɓakar zafin jiki da farko, sannan duba iyawar lodi, kuma duba ƙarfin farawa idan ya cancanta.Idan duk ya wuce, an zaɓi motar da aka riga aka zaɓa; idan ba ku wuce ba, fara daga mataki na biyu har zuwa wucewa.Kada ku cika buƙatun kaya, ƙaramin ƙarfin da aka ƙididdigewa na motar, mafi ƙarancin tattalin arziki.

Bayan an kammala mataki na biyu, ya kamata a gudanar da gyare-gyaren zafin jiki bisa ga bambancin yanayin zafi. Ana aiwatar da ƙimar wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa ma'aunin yanayin yanayi na ƙasa shine digiri 40 na ma'aunin celcius.Idan yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa ko babba duk shekara zagaye, yakamata a gyara ƙimar ƙarfin injin ta yin cikakken amfani da ƙarfin injin a gaba.Misali, idan yawan zafin jiki na shekara yana da ƙasa, ƙimar ƙarfin injin ya kamata ya zama sama da daidaitaccen Pn. Akasin haka, idan yawan zafin jiki na shekara yana da girma, ya kamata a rage ƙarfin da aka ƙididdigewa.

Gabaɗaya magana, lokacin da aka ƙayyade zafin yanayi, ya kamata a zaɓi motar motar lantarki gwargwadon yanayin hawan motar lantarki. Yanayin hawan abin hawa na lantarki zai iya sa motar kusa da yanayin aiki mai ƙima, mafi kyau. Gabaɗaya ana ƙayyade matsayin zirga-zirga bisa ga yanayin hanya.Misali, idan filin Tianjin yana da lebur, injin da ba shi da karfi ya isa; idan aka yi amfani da motar da ke da ƙarfi, makamashi zai yi ɓata kuma tafiyar zai zama gajere.Idan akwai hanyoyi da yawa na tsaunuka a Chongqing, ya dace a yi amfani da mota mai ƙarfi.

Motar da ba ta da goga mai lamba 50.60 tana da ƙarfi fiye da injin goga na 120 na DC, daidai?Me yasa?Daga kasuwa, an gano cewa irin wannan kuskuren ya zama ruwan dare yayin sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki da yawa!Ka yi tunanin injin 60 digiri ya fi ƙarfin digiri 120.Daga ka’idar injin da ba shi da gogewa da kuma gaskiyar lamarin, ba komai ko injin mai digiri 60 ne ko kuma injin mai digiri 120!Ana amfani da abin da ake kira digiri ne kawai don gaya wa mai sarrafa goga lokacin da zai yi wayoyi biyun da ya damu da gudanarwa.Babu wani abu da ya fi kowa ƙarfi!Haka abin yake ga digiri 240 da digiri 300, babu wanda ya fi sauran ƙarfi.

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Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-12-2023