Tare daci gaba da haɓaka sabbin motocin makamashi, an ƙara maida hankali ga batura masu wuta.Baturi, mota da tsarin kula da lantarki sune mahimman abubuwa guda uku na sababbin motocin makamashi, wanda baturin wutar lantarki shine mafi mahimmanci, wanda za'a iya cewa shine "zuciya" na sababbin motocin makamashi, don haka menene batirin wutar lantarki na sababbin. motocin makamashi? Me game da manyan rukunoni?
1. Baturin gubar-acid
Batirin gubar-acid (VRLA) baturi ne wanda akasari keɓaɓɓen lantarki da gubar da oxides ne, kuma electrolyte shine maganin sulfuric acid.A cikin yanayin cajin baturin gubar-acid, babban abin da ke cikin ingantaccen electrode shine gubar dioxide, kuma babban abin da ke haifar da mummunan electrode shine gubar; a cikin jihar da aka fitar, babban abin da ke tattare da ingantattun na'urori masu kyau da mara kyau shine gubar sulfate.Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baturin gubar-acid-cell guda ɗaya shine 2.0V, wanda za'a iya fitarwa zuwa 1.5V kuma a caje shi.zuwa 2.4V; a aikace-aikace, 6 baturi gubar-acid baturi sau da yawa ana haɗa su a jere don samar da baturin gubar-acid na 12V mara kyau, da 24V, 36V, 48V, da sauransu.
A matsayin fasahar balagagge, batirin gubar-acid har yanzu shine baturin motocin lantarki waɗanda za'a iya kera su da yawa saboda ƙarancin farashi da ƙarfin fitarwa.Koyaya, takamaiman makamashi, takamaiman ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin batirin gubar-acid suna da ƙasa sosai, kuma motocin lantarki da ke amfani da wannan azaman tushen wutar lantarki ba za su iya samun kyakkyawan gudu da tafiye-tafiye ba.iyaka .
2. Nickel-cadmium baturi da nickel-metal hydride baturi
Baturi nickel-cadmium (Nickel-cadmium baturi, wanda aka fi sani da NiCd, mai suna “nye-cad”) sanannen baturi ne.Wannan baturi yana amfani da nickel hydroxide (NiOH) da karfe cadmium (Cd) a matsayin sinadarai don samar da wutar lantarki.Duk da cewa aikinsa ya fi na batirin gubar-acid, yana ɗauke da ƙarfe masu nauyi, waɗanda za su gurɓata muhalli bayan an yi amfani da su da watsi da su.
Ana iya caji da fitar da baturin nickel-cadmium fiye da sau 500, wanda yake da ƙarfi kuma mai dorewa.Juriya na ciki kadan ne, juriya na ciki kadan ne, ana iya caji da sauri, kuma yana iya samar da babban ruwa don kaya, kuma canjin wutar lantarki kadan ne yayin fitarwa, wanda shine mafi kyawun batirin samar da wutar lantarki na DC.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan batura, batir nickel-cadmium na iya jure yawan caji ko fitar da kaya.
Batir Ni-MH ya ƙunshi hydrogen ion da ƙarfe nickel, kuma ajiyar ƙarfinsa ya fi 30% fiye da na batirin Ni-Cd. .
3. Baturin lithium
Baturin lithium wani nau'in baturi ne da ke amfani da ƙarfe na lithium ko gami da lithium a matsayin abu mara kyau kuma yana amfani da maganin electrolyte mara ruwa.Ana iya raba batirin lithium kusan kashi biyu: baturan ƙarfe na lithium da baturan lithium ion..Batura lithium-ion ba su ƙunshi lithium a cikin yanayin ƙarfe kuma ana iya yin caji.
Batura na ƙarfe na lithium gabaɗaya suna amfani da manganese dioxide azaman ingantaccen kayan lantarki, ƙarfe lithium ko ƙarfensa a matsayin kayan lantarki mara kyau, kuma suna amfani da maganin electrolyte mara ruwa.Abubuwan baturi na lithium sun ƙunshi: kayan lantarki mai kyau, kayan lantarki mara kyau, mai raba, electrolyte.
Daga cikin kayan cathode, kayan da aka fi amfani da su sune lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate da kayan ternary (polymer na nickel, cobalt da manganese).A tabbatacce lantarki abu shagaltar da wani babban rabo (jama'a rabo na tabbatacce da korau electrode kayan ne 3: 1 ~ 4: 1), saboda yi na m lantarki abu kai tsaye rinjayar da yi na lithium-ion baturi, da kuma kudin. Hakanan kai tsaye yana ƙayyade farashin baturin.
Daga cikin kayan anode, kayan anode na yanzu sune graphite na halitta da graphite na wucin gadi.Abubuwan anode da ake bincika sun haɗa da nitrides, PAS, oxides na tushen tin, tin alloys, kayan nano anode, da wasu mahaɗan tsaka-tsaki.A matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwa guda hudu na batirin lithium, gurbatacciyar wutar lantarki na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta iya aiki da sake zagayowar batirin, kuma ita ce babbar hanyar sadarwa a tsakiyar masana'antar batirin lithium.
Tantanin mai shine na'urar musanya makamashin da ba ta konewa ba.The sinadaran makamashi na hydrogen (da sauran man fetur) da oxygen ne ci gaba da juyo zuwa wutar lantarki.Ka'idar aikinsa ita ce H2 tana da iskar oxygen zuwa cikin H + kuma e- ƙarƙashin aikin mai haɓakawa na anode, H + yana kaiwa ga ingantacciyar lantarki ta hanyar membrane na musanya na proton, yana amsawa tare da O2 a cathode don samar da ruwa, kuma ya isa ga cathode ta hanyar waje kewaye, da kuma ci gaba da dauki ya haifar da halin yanzu. Kodayake tantanin mai yana da kalmar "baturi", ba ajiyar makamashi banena'ura a ma'anar gargajiya, amma na'urar samar da wutar lantarki. Wannan shine babban bambanci tsakanin kwayar mai da baturi na gargajiya.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-05-2022